SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “PELVIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Imaging in trauma of the pelvis and hip region.

Trauma of the pelvis and the hip are frequent and the most common lesions are fractures and dislocations. There are other traumatic lesions around the pelvis, including epiphysiolysis of the femoral head and apophysiolysis of the common muscle insertions around the hip. Cartilaginous lesions and some less frequent fractures are also illustrated in this article. We are not claiming to give a complete overview of traumatic injuries to the pelvis and the hip, but want to illustrate some more and some less frequent lesions.

Diagnostic Imaging↗

PubMed2005

Supra-acetabular placement of external fixator pins: a safe and expedient method of providing the injured pelvis with stability.

Applying a stable anterior pelvic external fixator frame is a skill that should be mastered by all orthopedic surgeons who treat acutely injured patients. Splinting of an unstable pelvis during resuscitation can help to reduce the volume of the true pelvis, pending definitive surgical stabilization of the pelvic ring. Supra-acetabular pin placement, less familiar to most surgeons than iliac wing pin placement is, can provide a more reliable pin-bone interface and thus allow improved reduction ability with fewer soft-tissue complications. Because of their location, supra-acetabular pins also seem to be better tolerated than iliac crest pins when used for definitive management of the pelvic ring disruption. A young man who sustained a type II anteroposterior compression injury in a motor vehicle accident presented with symphyseal disruption (7 cm wide) and left anterior sacroiliac joint disruption. During resuscitation, the pelvis was anatomically reduced and stabilized with a supra-acetabular pin-based external fixator. Pin locations, chosen using palpable and cutaneous landmarks, were inserted without additional imaging guidance. The fracture was reduced anatomically, and the frame was used for definitive management of the pelvic ring injury.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed2005

Unicameral bone cysts of the pelvis: a study of 16 cases.

Unicameral bone cysts of the pelvis are extremely rare. This study summarizes the clinical, radiologic and pathologic features of 16 cases. Patients ranged in age from nine to 69. Most lesions were in the anterior portion of the iliac wing; many appeared to be related to an open iliac crest apophysis. This suggests that the pathogenesis of unicameral bone cysts in this portion of the ilium is similar to that seen in the proximal humerus and the proximal femur. The correct diagnosis was made preoperatively in only five cases. This indicates that, although they are well documented, unicameral bone cysts of the pelvis remain a diagnostic problem. Patients received a spectrum of treatments from curettage to observation. There appeared to be no difference in the outcome after any form of treatment. Therefore, unicameral bone cysts of the pelvis can be managed conservatively. The choice to manage patients conservatively depends on making the correct diagnosis based on clinical history and imaging. The most effective imaging is a combination of plain radiographs, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

[Value of false profile of the pelvis in the monitoring of total hip prosthesis].

The authors used a retrospective series of cases of total hip replacement with a follow-up of between 6 and 12 years, including 10 undergoing reoperation for slipping of the prosthesis, to define the value of the false lateral view of the pelvis in the monitoring of such patients. This view provides earlier detection than AP views of wearing of polyethylene which manifests itself by penetration of the femoral head into the acetabular implant. This penetration, which can be measured radiologically, is better visualised in the false lateral view of the pelvis for simple reasons of radiological incidences. The false lateral view of the pelvis has another use in the monitoring of total hip replacements. It enables visualisation of the posterior part of the acetabulum which is generally the site of first appearance of the earliest signs of slipping in the form of a thin line.

Acetabulum↗

PubMed1992

Cigarette smoking and cancers of the renal pelvis and ureter.

A population-based case-control study of renal pelvis and ureter cancers (502 cases, 496 controls) conducted in three areas of the United States found cigarette smoking to be associated with a 3.1-fold increase in risk, with long-term (greater than 45 years) smokers having a 7.2-fold increased risk. Statistically significant dose-response associations were observed for both cancer sites and in both sexes regardless of the measure used: cigarettes per day, duration of use, or pack years. A significant decreasing trend in risk with increasing years quit smoking was also demonstrated for these cancers. Attributable risk estimates indicate that approximately 7 of 10 cancers of the renal pelvis and ureter among men and almost 4 of 10 among women are caused by smoking. The results of this study, the largest to date, confirm that cigarette smoking is the major cause of cancers of the renal pelvis and ureter, and that cessation of smoking could eliminate a large proportion of these tumors.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗

PubMed1991

Magnetic resonance imaging of the female bony pelvis: MRI pelvimetry.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used for the evaluation of the bony pelvis in 4 pregnant and 10 non-pregnant women. The anatomical details and shape of the bony pelvis were easily examined and the main pelvic measurements were estimated on the sections and programs. The end points were easily demonstrated. There was no need to correct for magnification. The study confirmed that MRI is a very valuable technique for assessment of the pelvis. Although it is expensive, it overcomes the technical difficulty of the other methods used for pelvimetry.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

[Reticulum cell sarcoma of the pelvis. Diagnostic and therapeutic problems].

Diagnostic and operative problems of malignant bone tumors of the pelvis are discussed. Especially mentioned is resection therapy of pelvis tumor including large parts of the pelvis and the hip joint. A case-report is given. In this case replacement of the entire hip joint was successfully performed with a special prosthesis. Stabile fixation of the prosthesis is one of the major problems to be dealth with. Follow-up examination of our patient one year after the operation showed no loosening of the prosthesis and free movement of the hip joint iwth partial loack capacity of the leg.

Angiography↗

PubMed1979

[Cytodiagnosis of pathologic changes in the renal pelvis and ureter].

In 80 cases of roentgenologic filling defects in renal pelvis and ureter, which could be determined exactly preoperatively, we could confirm the diagnostic value of cytology from washings of renal pelvis and ureter (lavage cytology) especially in preoperative diagnosis of carcinoma of renal pelvis and ureter. Twenty of 25 tumors (80%) were detected preoperatively. There were no false positive results. The diagnostic reliability of this method was more accurate than with normal exfoliative urinary cytology from other authors. The results are discussed together with the literature.

Carcinoma↗

PubMed1980

Nonunion and delayed union of fractures of the pelvis.

A review of 42 patients with delayed union and nonunion of fractures of the pelvis demonstrates that this rarely reported entity does exist. Nonunion occurred primarily in young patients (average age 35 years) and caused severe disabling symptoms. Bone graft surgery combined with external skeletal fixation of the pelvis produced union in 15 patients, each of whom was able to return to the work force. In the nonoperative group, only ten of 24 achieved bony union while 14 of those had only fibrous union. Pain in association with a limp were the predominant symptoms. Tangential radiographs of the pelvis, stress X-rays and tomograms proved the diagnosis. The average time to diagnosis in this series was 38 weeks. Earlier diagnosis and treatment are possible and would greatly reduce the morbidity of patients with extensively injured pelves.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Obstetrical study of the pelvis: a historical overview].

The female pelvis is fundamental to life itself, but it took ages to grasp this truism. During Antiquity, physicians had no need for the concepts of pelvic dystocia and cephalopelvic disproportion. When Aranzo (16th century), a practising physician, stated that a disproportion between the size of the fetus and that of the bony pelvis was the main culprit of difficult labor, his suggestion was overlooked, so much so that it was Hendrik van Deventer (1701) who came to be coined "father of the pelvic theory". The need for an accurate knowledge of the dimensions of the maternal pelvis and of the fetal skull became imperative in the middle of the 18th century, when forceps extraction had become popular. Levret, but above all William Smellie, made valuable contributions to the pelvic theory, which, however, were weakened by Baudelocque's fallacies concerning the intrinsic value of external pelvimetry. After the first quarter of the 19th century, the epicenter of scientific obstetrics moved to Germany and Austria, and German-speaking practitioners, e.g. Michaelis, Litzmann, and the Naegele, deepened our insight in the mechanism of labor. After the discovery of the X-rays (1895), the use of instrumental pelvimetry declined, but the clinical breakthrough of radiopelvimetry was delayed until the twenties of this century. Radiopelvimetry, a very valuable technique indeed, dispensed a large number of mothers from undergoing abdominal delivery. However, awareness of the hazards of fetal-maternal exposure to ionizing radiation pushed ante- and intrapartum radiopelvimetry from the scene. Thanks to the progress of chemistry, pharmacology and electronics, "dynamic pelvimetry" became the fad, heralded by what is called "active management of labour". The fetus now assumed the role of "dynamic pelvimeter". The historical circle was closed.

Dystocia↗

PubMed1994

Twin-barrelled vascularized fibular grafting to the pelvis and lower extremity.

From 1988 to 1992, 17 patients were treated for a large bone defect or established nonunion of the pelvis or lower extremities with twin-barrelled vascularized fibular grafts. There were 13 men and four women whose average age at operation was 39 years (range, 13-73 years). The reconstructed site was the pelvis in two patients, the femur in 12, the tibia in two, and the ankle in one. The mean length of the bone defect was 8.5 cm, and the mean length of the harvested fibula was 22 cm. Free grafts were transferred in 14 patients and pedicle grafts in three patients. The mean duration of the operation was six hours 46 minutes (range, 3.5-10.6 hours). Average blood loss was 1949 ml (range, 268-5308 ml). In one patient, the vascularized transfer failed, and recurrence of local infection was encountered in another. In the remaining 15 patients, the postoperative course was uneventful; the mean period to bony union was 5.1 months (range, two to 12 months). The mean time to full weight bearing was four months in pelvic reconstruction, 10.6 months in femoral reconstruction, and 6.3 months in leg reconstruction. Only one patient had a fracture of the fibular graft. This method is well suited for patients with a bone defect up to 13 cm in length of the pelvis or lower extremities.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

The reliability of patient positioning for evaluating static radiologic parameters of the human pelvis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the reproducibility of patient positioning on radiographically evaluated static configurations of the human pelvis. DESIGN: Repeat anteroposterior radiography of the human pelvis was performed in vivo. Comparative examinations were performed after 1 hr in one subject pool. A second sample underwent repeat examination after a mean of 18 days. SETTING: Outpatient private practice chiropractic clinic. SUBJECTS: Thirty-seven relatively asymptomatic subjects participated in the experiment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Millimetric evaluations were made for leg length inequality, right/left sacral discrepancies and right/left innominate differences. The null hypothesis was that the difference of the measurements from the two radiographs would be equal to zero. A paired t-test was used to analyze if there were any significant differences. The mean measured difference in millimeters and correlation coefficients were also determined for each variable. RESULTS: Individual variations for several roentgenometric parameters, including leg length inequality and pelvic torsion, did not reach statistical significance (p > .05) although minor millimetric discrepancies were recorded. Correlation coefficients, in most cases, were relatively high. CONCLUSION: A subject can be reliably positioned for repeat anteroposterior pelvic radiography for both 1 hr and 18-day intervals. The methodology described has applicability to full spine radiography when roentgenometric parameters of the pelvis are scrutinized.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Partial endoprosthetic reconstruction of the pelvis in malignant tumors].

Twenty-five patients underwent an internal hemipelvectomy with endoprosthetic reconstruction of the pelvis for primary bone tumor (n = 17) or bone metastasis in the pelvis (n = 8). According to the Enneking tumor classification system, there were 9 stage II B tumors and 16 stage III. Conventional metal or polyacetal prostheses were used in 5 cases, and in 20 anatomically adaptable modular prostheses with intramedullary anchorage were implanted. In the last 11 cases a 3D CT-controlled manufactured model of the pelvis was used. The functional results according to Enneking were good in 5 cases, fair in 11, and poor in 7. The last endoprosthetic system showed better results, because it is easier to implant and the possibility failure is reduced. The learning curve of the surgeon is important, too.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Investigation of the female pelvis.

Abnormalities of the female pelvis are commonly discovered in the evaluation of infertile couples. A systematic approach to diagnosing pathology requires the careful integration of both noninvasive and invasive testing. Transvaginal ultrasound imaging provides immediate and detailed information regarding the gross anatomy of the pelvis and is both a highly sensitive and specific test when used by skilled observers. Hysterosalpingography remains a helpful adjunct in discovering more subtle abnormalities, such as endometrial polyps and salpingitis isthmica nodosa. Invasive surgical tests are hysteroscopy and laparoscopy. These methods accurately define pathology, and in many cases pelviscopic instruments may be employed as a means of delivering surgical treatment. A systematic approach should be used for evaluating the female pelvis, taking into consideration the rationale behind utilizing various diagnostic procedures.

Female↗

PubMed1995

Fibroepithelial polyps of the renal pelvis: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Benign tumors of the urinary tract are rarer than transitional cell carcinomas. Among the benign tumors we have those of epithelial origin (papillomas or low grade transitional cell carcinomas) and those of mesodermal origin (fibrous and angiomatous polyps, hemangiomas and lymphangiomas and neurofibromas), together with a group of miscellaneous lesions including endometriosis, amyloidosis and granulomas. The fibroepithelial polyps of the urinary tract represent between 2-6% of all the benign tumors. This rare tumor is located more frequently in the ureter and only in 11 cases reported since 1929 the location was the renal pelvis. Between 1976 and 1994 we have seen three cases of fibroepithelial polyps of the urinary tract, two of them affecting the renal pelvis and one of them affecting the ureter. We report the cases located in the pelvis and make a review of the cases reported in this location in the last years and discuss the clinical, radiological and cytological criteria that can lead to a preoperative diagnosis of this entity avoiding an unnecessary nephroureterectomy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

The anterior dimensions of the pelvis in male and female Nigerians.

A retrospective study on the anteroposterior X-ray films of the pelvis of 40 male, and 31 female Nigerians was undertaken to verify if there was any significant difference in the values of the transverse diameter of the inlet (TID), bicristal diameter (BCD), bituberal diameter (BTD), and subpubic angle (SA) between the male and the female, between the younger age group (21-45 years) and the older age group (46-70 years) in each sex, using the student's t-test. Results showed that TID, BTD and SA each was significantly greater in the female than in the male (P < 0.001). BCD showed no significant difference between the sexes (P > 0.05). SA was significantly greater in the older age group than in the younger age group (P < 0.05) while the other variable showed no significant difference. TID showed significant positive correlation with BCD, and BTD in the female (P < 0.05), and with BCD, BTD, and SA in the male (P < 0.05). The value of SA in female is obtuse but overlaps between acute and obtuse in males. Ninety-three per cent of the female pelvis had subpubic angle above the 111.3 degrees demarking point (DP) but none of the male or female pelvis was marked out by the lower or upper demarking points of BCD, suggesting a relevance of DP of SA in sex discrimination. The mean ratio of TID to BTD was 1.5:1 in the male and 1.2:1 in the female suggesting a gynaecoid tendency in the latter. This study provided data that can be useful for clinical and radiological pelvimetry for use in obstetrical care of Nigerian women, and normal values for Nigerian male and female.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Hyperbaric oxygen an adjunctive treatment for delayed radiation injuries of the abdomen and pelvis.

Radiation therapy is often utilized as adjunctive or primary treatment for malignancies of the abdomen and pelvis. Radiation complications are infrequent, but can be life threatening or significantly diminish the quality of life. Radiation necrosis is an approved indication for hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2). Previous publications have reported results in treating delayed radiation injuries involving many sites. This paper reports the experience of a single physician group in treating delayed injuries of the abdomen and/or pelvis. Forty-four such patients have been treated since 1979. Of the 41 patients available for follow up, 26 have healed; 6 failed to heal; and 9 patients had an inadequate course of therapy (fewer than 20 treatments). Especially encouraging was the resolution of fistulae in six of eight patients with only three requiring surgery for closure. Overall, the success rate in patients receiving at least 20 HBO2 treatments was 81%. Hyperbaric oxygen is a useful adjunct in treatment of delayed radiation injuries of the pelvis and abdomen.

Abdominal Muscles↗

PubMed1977

Paraaortic lymphadenectomy in gynecologic malignancies confined to the pelvis.

Eighty-six patients with pelvic malignancies had paraaortic node dissection; 30% had positive paraaortic lymph nodes. At the time of laparotomy, 77 patients had malignancies apparently confined to the pelvis after extensive work-up and histologic examination of tissue biopsies outside the pelvis; 20 (26%) had metastatic cancer in the paraaortic lymph nodes. Thirteen of 49 patients with cancer of the cervix, 5 of 18 with uterine cancer, and 2 of 10 with ovarian cancer had positive paraaortic lymph nodes. The value of paraaortic dissection in patients with pelvic malignancies apparently confined to the pelvis is discussed.

Female↗