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PubMed1993

Effect of anabolic steroids on new fiber formation and fiber area during stretch-overload.

The efficacy of anabolic steroid treatment to increase the extent of overload-induced new fiber formation and fiber hypertrophy was examined in anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) muscles of Japanese quails. Adult quails were assigned to a control group (n = 20), which received stretch but no steroid (NS), or a stretch+steroid group (S), which received either nandrolone decanoate (n = 20) or testosterone enanthate (n = 12). Steroids were administered at 4.0 mg.kg body wt-1 x day-1. A weight corresponding to 10% of each bird's body weight was added to the right wing to effect a stretch of the right ALD. Thirty days of stretch-overload resulted in a 145.3 and 143.1% increase in total muscle weight of NS and S groups, respectively. Stretch-induced increases in nonmuscle tissue, fiber length, and new fiber formation were not altered by steroid administration. These results indicate that anabolic steroids did not act synergistically to enhance the extent of fiber hypertrophy or new fiber formation after 30 days of stretch-overload.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1998

Anabolic steroids in part reverse glucocorticoid-induced alterations in rat diaphragm.

Animal and clinical studies have shown respiratory muscle dysfunction caused by treatment with glucocorticoids. The present study was designed to investigate whether anabolic steroids are able to antagonize the loss of diaphragm force induced by long-term low-dose methylprednisolone (MP) administration. Male adult rats were randomized to receive saline or MP (0.2 mg . kg-1 .day-1 sc) during 9 mo, with or without nandrolone decanoate (ND; 1 mg . kg-1 . wm -1 im) during the last 3 mo. The approximately 10% reduction in force generation of isolated diaphragm bundles induced by MP was completely abolished by addition of ND. The MP-induced decrease in number of fibers expressing type IIb myosin heavy chains was not reversed by ND. MP slightly reduced type I, IIa, and IIx fiber cross-sectional areas (CSA), but not type IIb fiber CSA. Addition of ND abolished the reduction in IIa and IIx fiber CSA. The MP-induced alterations in glycogenolytic activity and fatty acid oxidation capacity were not reversed by ND. In conclusion, the marked reduction in diaphragm force caused by long-term low-dose MP was completely abolished by addition of ND. ND in part also antagonized the effects of MP on diaphragm morphology but showed no beneficial effects on biochemical changes.

3-Hydroxyacyl CoA Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1999

Reversal of weightlessness-induced musculoskeletal losses with androgens: quantification by MRI.

Microgravity causes rapid decrement in musculoskeletal mass is associated with a marked decrease in circulatory testosterone levels, as we reported in hindlimb-suspended (HLS) rats. In this model which simulates microgravity, we hypothesized that testosterone supplementation should prevent these losses, and we tested this in two studies. Muscle volumes and bone masses were quantitated by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on day 12. In the first study, 12-wk-old Sprague-Dawley rats that were HLS for 12 days lost 28.5% of muscle volume (53.3 +/- 4.8 vs. 74.5 +/- 3.6 cm3 in the ground control rats; P < 0.001) and had a 5% decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) (P < 0.05). In the second study, 30 male 12-wk-old Wistar rats were HLS and were administered either a vehicle (control), testosterone, or nandrolone decanoate (ND). An additional 20 rats were used as ground controls, one-half of which received testosterone. HLS rats had a significant reduction in muscle volume (42.9 +/- 3.0 vs. 56 +/- 1.8 cm3 in ground control rats; P < 0.01). Both testosterone and ND treatments prevented this muscle loss (51.5 +/- 2 and 51.6 +/- 1.2 cm3, respectively; a 63% improvement; P < 0. 05). There were no statistical differences between the two active treatment groups nor with the ground controls. Similarly, there was an 85% improvement in BMD in the testosterone group (1.15 +/- 0.04 vs. 1.04 +/- 0.04 density units in vehicle controls; P < 0.05) and a 76% improvement in the ND group (1.13 +/- 0.07 density units), whereas ground control rats had a BMD of 1.17 +/- 0.03 density units. Because serum testosterone levels are markedly reduced in this model of simulated microgravity, androgen replacement seems to be a rational countermeasure to prevent microgravity-induced musculoskeletal losses.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1990

Prospective controlled study of androgen effects on red cell oxygen transport and work capacity in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Effects of androgens on red blood cell (RBC) oxygen transport, RBC metabolism and work capacity in chronic hemodialysis patients were evaluated in a prospective controlled study. Compared to control subjects, patients given nandrolone decanoate had a sustained fall in RBC ATP and a transient rise in RBC DPG but P50 values were unchanged. Despite increases in RBC mass of 16-44% on androgen therapy, exercise on the treadmill improved in only 1 patient and actually declined in 3 others. Thus, these preliminary observations suggest that androgens may not improve hemoglobin-oxygen transport and that androgen-induced increases in red cell mass may only balance increased tissue oxygen requirements produced by these anabolic hormones.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1985

Regeneration of murine megakaryocytopoiesis and the hematopoietic inductive microenvironment after sublethal whole body irradiation by treatment with an anabolic steroid.

The ability of the anabolic steroid nandrolone decanoate (ND) to increase megakaryocytopoiesis (MP) and the hematopoietic-inductive microenvironment (HIM) after sublethal irradiation was evaluated. Immediately after receiving whole body irradiation (2 Gy) and on the next 2 days, mice were injected with 1.25 mg of ND in propylene glycol intraperitoneally. Irradiated control mice received only vehicle. Compared to controls, drug-treated mice showed a 151% increase in the platelet level on day 14. Drug-treated mice also demonstrated a significant rebound in MP, as colony-forming progenitor stem cells (CFU-Mk) from bone marrow rose to 288% of control by day 8 and from spleen to 599% by day 1 following the last drug injection. In addition, drug-treated mice produced a 286% increase in bone marrow and a 378% in splenic stromal cell colonies on day 5 following drug treatment. These results demonstrate that ND enhances MP and HIM following sublethal irradiation. After hematopoietic suppression, ND may serve to stimulate MP and HIM recovery both at the stem cell level and in peripheral blood.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of an anabolic steroid on plasma amino acids, proteins, and body composition in patients receiving intravenous hyperalimentation.

In this controlled trial we have studied the effect of anabolic steroid on ill surgical patients receiving intravenous hyperalimentation. Body composition, plasma proteins, and amino acids were compared in each of two groups of 12 patients before and after 14 days of intravenous feeding. The patients in one group were given 100 mg of nandrolone decanoate at the commencement of study and again one week later. Body weight, muscle (AMC), plasma transferrin, prealbumin, and retinol-binding protein were increased comparably in both groups. An apparent gain in total body nitrogen was not significant. However, anabolic steroid caused greater gain of water requiring a more liberal use of diuretics, but prevented the gains of fat, triglyceride and insulin that occurred in the control group. Most plasma amino acids increased due to intravenous hyperalimentation but decreased in patients given anabolic steroid. It is concluded that in patients who may be in the catabolic phase of recovery anabolic steroid probably enhances amino acid and water uptake by tissues and increases the utilization of fat but, does not promote any greater increase in "visceral" proteins than during intravenous hyperalimentation alone.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of anabolic steroids and corticosteroids on healing of muscle contusion injury.

The effect of an anabolic steroid (nandrolone decanoate, 20 mg/kg) and a corticosteroid (methylprednisolone acetate, 25 mg/kg) on healing muscle injured with a drop-mass technique in a reproducible muscle contusion injury model in the rat was studied. Healing was determined by measuring active contractile tension in each muscle and histologic analysis. At day 2, the corticosteroid group showed significant improvement in both twitch and tetanic strength relative to the controls. At day 7, this effect was reversed and the corticosteroid muscles were significantly weaker than the control muscles, but there was still no significant effect seen in the anabolic steroid group. At day 14, the corticosteroid muscles were totally degenerated, with disorganized muscle fiber architecture. The anabolic steroid muscles were significantly stronger in twitch, and a similar trend was seen in tetanus relative to control muscles. The results indicate that in an animal model corticosteroids may be beneficial in the short term, but they cause irreversible damage to healing muscle in the long term, including disordered fiber structure and a marked diminution in force-generating capacity. Anabolic steroids may aid in the healing of muscle contusion injury to speed the recovery of force-generating capacity. Although anabolic steroids are considered renegade drugs, they may have an ethical clinical application to aid healing in severe muscle contusion injury, and their use in the treatment of muscle injuries warrants further research.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed2004

Androgen-induced cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in a young body builder: case report.

BACKGROUND: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is an infrequent disease with a variety of causes. Pregnancy, puerperium, contraceptive pills and intracranial infections are the most common causes. The patient may present with headache, focal neurological deficits and seizures.The clinical outcome is highly variable and treatment with heparin is advised. CASE PRESENTATION: The patient is a 22 year old male who presented with headache, repeated vomiting and papilledema.He was a bodybuilder doing exercise since 5 years ago, who had used nandrolone decaonoate 25 milligrams intramuscularly during the previous 5 months. Brain MRI and MRV showed superior sagital and transverse sinus thrombosis and extensive investigations did not reveal any known cause. CONCLUSIONS: We suggested that androgen was the predisposing factor in our patient. Androgens may increase coagulation factors or platelet activity and cause arterial or venous thrombosis. As athletes may hide using androgens it should be considered as a predisposing factor for thrombotic events in such patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Testosterone administration increases insulin-like growth factor-I levels in normal men.

Although testosterone (T) administration can increase insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) when administered to hypogonadal men, no studies have examined whether this occurs in normal men. The present study was undertaken to determine if an increase in IGF-I may be part of the anabolic effect of androgens. We enrolled 11 normal men in a randomized, double-blinded cross-over study. Subjects were assigned to receive either T enanthate (TE) (300 mg im, each week) or nandrolone (ND) decanoate (300 mg im, each week) for 6 weeks. After a washout period subjects were administered the alternate treatment. Pre- and posttreatment serum was analyzed for IGF-I by RIA after acid-ethanol extraction. Results expressed as mean +/- SEM (Table 1). IGF-binding protein-3 was measured by RIA and was unchanged in the TE treatment and decreased significantly after ND treatment. Although GH levels were not significantly different after either TE or ND treatment, they tended to increase after TE treatment (1.23 +/- 0.28 ng/mL vs. 3.3 +/- 1.03 ng/mL) but remained unchanged after ND treatment (1.68 +/- 0.68 ng/mL vs. 1.89 +/- 0.64 ng/mL). Serum total T levels increased 32 +/- 0.05 nmol/L in the TE-treated men, but fell by 7 +/- 0.02 nmol/L in the ND-treated men (P < 0.0001). Serum estradiol levels rose by 193.04 +/- 19.82 pmol/L in the TE-treated men although falling by 50.65 +/- 34.50 pmol/L in the ND-treated men (P < 0.0002). These data indicate that when normal men are given TE, serum IGF-I levels increase after 6 weeks of treatment. Treatment with ND did not change serum levels of IGF-I but did decrease the level of the major serum IGF-BP and therefore the level of bioavailable IGF-I may be increased in the ND group.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Exogenous androgens influence body composition and regional body fat distribution in obese postmenopausal women--a clinical research center study.

Abdominal fat distribution is influenced by androgen levels in both men and women. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects on fat distribution of administering nandrolone decanoate (ND; an anabolic steroid with weak androgenic activity) or spironolactone (SP; an antiandrogen) in obese postmenopausal women. The design was a randomized, placebo-controlled, 9-month trial with simultaneous calorie restriction for weight loss. Women in all three groups lost comparable amounts of weight, but the ND-treated women gained lean mass relative to the other two groups (P < 0.0005) and lost more body fat than women in the SP group (P < 0.01). The resting metabolic rate also increased slightly in the ND group. ND treatment produced a gain in visceral fat, as determined by computed tomography scan, and a relatively greater loss of sc abdominal fat. SP-treated women lost significantly less sc fat than the other two groups. Serum cholesterol decreased in the placebo group, but increased slightly in the other two groups (significant for SP vs. placebo, P < 0.05). High density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased significantly in the ND-treated women. There were no significant changes in fasting glucose or insulin sensitivity. We conclude that administration of exogenous androgens modulates body composition in obese postmenopausal women and independently affects visceral and sc abdominal fat.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2006

Chronic administration of anabolic androgenic steroid alters murine thyroid function.

PURPOSE: The administration of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) to improve athletic performance has increased notably during the past three decades, even among nonathletes. Thyroid function is affected by AAS use in humans, although the mechanisms of the effects of AAS are unclear. We evaluated the effects on thyroid function of supraphysiologic doses of nandrolone decanoate (DECA), which is one of the most anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) used. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were treated with vehicle or 1 mg.100 g(-1) body weight (b.w.) of DECA, once a week for 8 wk, intramuscularly. We analyzed thyroperoxidase (TPO) activity, type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (D1) activities in liver, kidney, pituitary, and thyroid, and serum levels of total T3, total T4, free T4, and TSH. Parametric and nonparametric t-tests were employed for statistical analyses. RESULTS: Treated animals showed a significant increase in the weight of kidneys and heart, and a decrease in the relative testis weight. Retroperitoneal adipose tissue was only slightly decreased. DECA treatment induced a significant increase in the absolute and relative thyroid gland weight. The concentrations of total serum T3, free T4, and TSH decreased significantly with treatment, but total serum T4 levels were unchanged. Thyroperoxidase activity was unaltered, whereas liver and kidney D1 activities were significantly increased, but pituitary and thyroid D1 did not change. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that DECA exerts direct actions on the thyroid gland and in the peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones and might lead to thyroid dysfunction.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

A role for anabolic steroids in the rehabilitation of patients with COPD? A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Skeletal muscle weakness commonly occurs in patients with COPD. Long-term use of systemic glucocorticosteroids further contributes to muscle weakness. Anabolic steroids could be an additional mode of intervention to improve outcome of pulmonary rehabilitation by increasing physiologic functioning, possibly mediated by increasing erythropoietic function. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We randomly assigned 63 male patients with COPD to receive on days 1, 15, 29, and 43 a deep IM injection of 50 mg of nandrolone decanoate (ND) [Deca-Durabolin; N.V. Organon; Oss, The Netherlands] in 1 mL of arachis oil, or 1 mL of arachis oil alone (placebo) in a double-blind design. All patients participated in a standardized pulmonary rehabilitation program. Outcome measures were body composition by deuterium and bromide dilution, respiratory and peripheral muscle function, incremental exercise testing, and health status by the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire. RESULTS: Treatment with ND relative to placebo resulted in higher increases in fat-free mass (FFM; mean, 1.7 kg [SD, 2.5] vs 0.3 kg [SD, 1.9]; p = 0.015) owing to a rise in intracellular mass (mean, 1.8 kg [SD, 3.1] vs - 0.5 kg [SD, 3.1]; p = 0.002). Muscle function, exercise capacity, and health status improved in both groups to the same extent. Only after ND were increases in erythropoietic parameters seen (erythropoietin: mean, 2.08 U/L [SD, 5.56], p = 0.067; hemoglobin: mean, 0.29 mmol/L [SD, 0.73], p = 0.055). In the total group, the changes in maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (PImax) and peak workload were positively correlated with the change in hemoglobin (r = 0.30, p = 0.032, and r = 0.34, p = 0.016, respectively), whereas the change in isokinetic leg work was correlated with the change in erythropoietin (r = 0.38, p = 0.013). In the patients receiving maintenance treatment with low-dose oral glucocorticosteroids (31 of 63 patients; mean, 7.5 mg/24 h [SD, 2.4]), greater improvements in PImax (mean, 6.0 cm H(2)O [SD, 8.82] vs - 2.18 cm H(2)O [SD, 11.08], p = 0.046), and peak workload (mean, 20.47 W [SD, 19.82] vs 4.80 W [SD, 7.74], p = 0.023) were seen after 8 weeks of treatment with ND vs placebo. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, a short-term course of ND had an overall positive effect relative to placebo on FFM without expanding extracellular water in patients with COPD. In the total group, the improvements in muscle function and exercise capacity were associated with improvements in erythropoietic parameters. The use of low-dose oral glucocorticosteroids as maintenance medication significantly impaired the response to pulmonary rehabilitation with respect to respiratory muscle function and exercise capacity, which could be restored by ND treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Insulin-like growth factors I and II in healthy women with and without established osteoporosis.

We measured serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II) by radioimmunoassay in 107 healthy women aged 28-78 years and in 116 women with established osteoporosis. The women with established osteoporosis were randomized to a 1-year double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment with continuous estrogen/progestogen, anabolic steroids, salmon calcitonin or placebo and the IGFs were measured every 6 months. Women less than 35 years of age had 29% higher levels of IGF-I (p < 0.001) as compared to women above that age. For women more than 35 years of age, we found no correlation between IGF-I and age (r = 0.02). Correspondingly, we found no significant changes in serum IGF-I in 10 women, who were followed with serial measurements of IGFs every 3 months from 2 years before to 1 year after menopause; IGF-II revealed no correlation with age (r = 0.04). In the group of 116 women with established osteoporosis, IGF-I was 30% lower (p < 0.01) as compared to a group of 19 height-, weight- and age-matched nonfractured women (mean age 64 years). The IGF-II levels were equal in the two groups. Over the 1-year therapeutic intervention period, an increase in IGF-I of 13-15% (p < 0.05) was seen in the nandrolone decanoate-treated group. The same tendency was seen for hormone replacement therapy, although it was not significant. In conclusion, the serum level of IGF-I is high in young women, when peak bone mass is attained, and low in postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Androgen versus erythropoietin for the treatment of anemia in hemodialyzed patients: a prospective study.

According to this facility's protocol for the treatment of anemia in hemodialyzed patients, androgens were administered to male patients aged over 50 yr and recombinant human erythropoietin was administered to male patients below 50 yr of age and to female patients. In the study presented here, both therapeutic approaches have been prospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups. Group A was composed of 18 patients, aged 62 +/- 12 yr, treated with nandrolone decanoate (200 mg/wk im) for 6 months; Group B was composed of 22 patients (6 men, 16 women) aged 47 +/- 15 yr, treated with subcutaneous recombinant human erythropoietin (initial dose, 6000 IU/wk) for 6 months. The increases of hemoglobin were similar in both groups; Group A, from 7.3 +/- 0.8 to 10.8 +/- 1.7 g/dL (P < 0.001), and Group B, from 7 +/- 0.6 to 10.4 +/- 1 g/dL (P < 0.001). In Group A, increases of triglycerides (159 +/- 71 versus 267 +/- 153 mg/dL, P < 0.001), serum albumin (3.9 +/- 0.3 versus 4.2 +/- 0.3 g/dL, P < 0.05), and dry weight (62.1 +/- 9.8 versus 64.9 +/- 10.1 kg, P < 0.001) were observed, which remained unmodified in Group B. Blood pressure control worsened in one patient (6%) from Group A, and in ten patients (45%) from Group B (P < 0.05). In conclusion, androgens produced an improvement in anemia in selected patients, similar to that achieved by use of recombinant human erythropoietin but at a lower cost. Androgens also have an appreciable anabolic effect and did not increase the blood pressure.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Lack of effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids on locomotor activity in intact male mice.

Anabolic-androgenic steroid abusers have reported hyperactivity, euphoria, and decreased fatigue, among other behavioral effects. It has been suggested that the effects of these substances on the central nervous system are similar to those of psychostimulants; however, the influence of steroids on general locomotor activity in laboratory animals is not well understood, especially how noncastrated male rodents are affected. In this study, spontaneous locomotor activity displayed by gonadally intact male mice submitted to several experimental conditions was analyzed. Different housing conditions (individual or cohabiting with a female), diverse steroids (testosterone propionate, nandrolone decanoate, and a mixture of both steroids) and single or repeated injections were employed. At 24 hours after the injection (after the three last injections in the case of chronic treatment) spontaneous locomotor activity was registered on an activity recorder for one 15-min. period. No effects due to the treatment were found in almost every experimental condition. These results contrast with the dramatic decreases in activity described for female mice after treatment with such steroids. It seems that in intact males the steroids' influence on spontaneous locomotor activity may be more subtle than expected. These effects seem very complex depending on duration of treatment and specific situations (spontaneous or forced activity) as well as the interaction with endogenous androgen levels.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1982

Effect of anabolic steroids on reproductive function of young stallions.

Thirty-two stallions were used to determine the effect of anabolic steroids on reproductive function. Stallions were assigned to one of the four treatments: 1) .23 ml sesame oil/kg of body weight (BW; control, C); 2) 4.4 mg boldenone undecylenate/kg BW (4E); 3) 1.1 mg boldenone undecylenate/kg BW (1E) and 4) 1.1 mg nandrolone decanoate/kg BW (D). Injections were given at 3-wk intervals for 15 wk. Semen was collected every other day for 3 wk before the first injection and at the same frequency during d 85 through 105 (d 0 = day of first injection). Libido was assessed on the basis of reaction time. Total scrotal width was determined every 2 wk. Serum was obtained at various intervals and analyzed for concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH). Portions of testicular parenchyma were used to determine spermatid reserves and to permit quantitative histological evaluation of spermatogenesis. Gel, gel-free and total seminal volumes and pH were not affected (P greater than .05) by steroid treatment. However, spermatozoal motility, spermatozoal concentration and total sperm/ejaculate were severely lowered (P less than .05) by all anabolic steroid treatments. Total scrotal width for stallions in the D, 4E and 1E groups was less (P less than .05) than that of C stallions by wk 5. The weight of the testes of the D, 4E and 1E stallions averaged only 40.1, 44.9 and 61.6%, respectively, of that for the controls. Spermatozoal production was altered, as evidenced by smaller (P less than .05) numbers of spermatids/testis and primary spermatocytes for all treated groups than for the controls. Anabolic steroid treatment had no effect (P greater than .05) on erection time, time to first mount, ejaculation time or number of mounts/ejaculation. treatment with anabolic steroids resulted in a depression in concentration of LH in all treatment groups.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed1998

Androgens for the treatment of anemia in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Before the advent of recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO), androgens were used for treatment of anemia in dialysis patients. However, after the availability of recombinant EPO in the 1980s, the use of these substances was abondoned. We have previously reported that androgens have beneficial actions on anemia in selected hemodialysis patients. In the present study we have analyzed the effects of androgen administration on hematologic parameters in peritoneal dialysis patients. We evaluated 9 patients treated for 6 months with nandrolone decanoate (200 mg/week intramuscularly). Hemoglobin and hematocrit values experienced a significant increment with respect to basal values during the study (9.2 +/- 0.7 g/dL and 27.7% +/- 2.3% at basal vs. 11.9 +/- 0.5 g/dL and 35.3% +/- 1.6% at month 6, respectively; P < 0.001). In addition to the effects on the hematologic parameters, androgen administration also had beneficial anabolic actions with a significant increment in the serum concentration of total proteins and albumin (basal, 6.1 +/- 0.3 g/dL and 3.1 +/- 0.4 g/dL vs. 6.7 +/- 0.4 g/dL and 3.8 +/- 0.4 g/dL at month 6, respectively, P < 0.01). The only adverse effect was a rise in the serum concentration of triglycerides (176 +/- 54 mg/dL vs. 144 +/- 53 mg/dL, P < 0.01). In conclusion, androgen administration has beneficial effects on erythropoiesis as well as positive anabolic actions in patients under peritoneal dialysis.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

The effect of anabolic steroid on the distribution of muscle fiber in rat hind limb.

This study evaluates the effect of anabolic steroid hormone (nandrolone decanoate, 19-Nortestosterone; ND) on histomorphometry and distribution of muscle fiber in the rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscle compared with the control rats. Three male Wistar rats aged of 5 weeks were daily received subcutaneous injection of 0.3 cc vehicle oil included 1mg ND for 6 weeks. Two control (C) rats were done only vehicle oil by the same manner as the experimental (E) group. The TA muscle was stained for myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatease with preincubation at pH 4.35, after cryosectioning at the thickness of 10 microm. Muscle fibers were classified into type I, IIA, IIX, and IIB. The E group showed significantly smaller than the C group in body weight. In histomorphometry, the cross-sectional area of type IIB fibers in the E group showed narrow range, and shifted smaller than those in the C groups. The distribution of type I fibers was restricted to the deep region in the E group. The anabolic steroid facilitated toward the older rat type on distribution and proportion of muscular tissue.

Aging↗