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PubMed1989

Development of a new exposure monitoring system considering pulmonary ventilation (DEM 1).

Exposure evaluation is an essential facet in the assessment of the risks of exposure to toxic materials in the workplace. Presently, samples from the breathing atmosphere are measured in order to determine the level of individual exposure to toxic substances. This method, however, does not take into account the level of physical exertion during exposure. Physical activity is known to increase pulmonary ventilation by up to 10 times that of the level at rest. Thus, measurement of pulmonary ventilation, as well as the concentration of a toxic material in the air would provide valuable data in evaluating exposure. We have developed a device that measures and records the concentration of a toxic material in the air and pulmonary ventilation as predicted by heart rate both simultaneously and continuously. In this system, real time pulmonary ventilation is predicted from heart rate by using a regression equation that was obtained from the results of our study. The percentage error of predicted pulmonary ventilation at each heart rate is within 30%. The present study assessed the feasibility of the use of heart rate as the predictor of pulmonary ventilation. Our new exposure monitoring system is the first practical device that monitors the level of exposure dependent upon pulmonary ventilation and will be useful in the reevaluation of threshold limit values (TLV's) and in working management.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Multivariate data analysis based on a computerized patient monitoring system.

Multivariate time series data in post-operative patients (respiratory and cardiovascular) are compared to reference groups. Using this technique under the program control of a computerized patient monitoring system (IBM 1800) various classes in the respiratory and cardiovascular spectrum can define the co-ordinate system in hyperspace. The patient in crisis is recognised by his deviation from normal rates of change of the variable set, as well as by the time trajectories of recovery in the hyperspace.

Computers↗
PubMed1995

Long-term evaluation of a continuous intra-arterial blood gas monitoring system in patients with severe respiratory failure.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of a new continuous intra-arterial blood gas monitoring system (IABG; PB3300, Puritan Bennett) over a prolonged period of time (> 7 days). DESIGN: Prospective criterion standard study. SETTING: Anesthesiological intensive care unit in a university hospital. PATIENTS: 11 sensors were tested in 10 mechanically ventilated patients with severe respiratory failure. INTERVENTIONS: PO2, PCO2, and pH measured using IABG were compared to values obtained from 2 conventional blood gas analyzers. The quality of blood pressure tracings was assessed using a scoring system consisting of 5 grades. RESULTS: The median study period was 205h/sensor (range: 169-506h). 320 blood samples were obtained. The ranges of measured parameters were: PO2 = 46-433 mmHg, PCO2 = 25-79 mmHg, pH = 7.25-7.55. The mean (SD) differences for the whole study period were: -4.3 (11.9) mmHg for PO2, for the clinically important range (PO2 < 150 mmHg) -1.9 (5.4) mmHg, -2.8 (4.5) mmHg for PCO2, and -0.03 (0.04) for the pH value. The MD (SD) in relation to the sensor lifetime were for days 1-3: -1.1 (5.1) mmHg for PO2, -0.4 (3.9) mmHg for PCO2, and -0.01 (0.03) for the pH value; for days 4-6: -1.5 (6.0) mmHg for PO2, -3.3 (4.0) mmHg for PCO2, and -0.03 (0.03) for the pH value; for days 7-9: -2.5 (4.7) mmHg for PO2, -5.1 (4.6) mmHg for PCO2, and -0.04 (0.04) for the pH value; for days > 9: -4.9 (4.4) mmHg for PO2, -5.3 (4.1) mmHg for PCO2, and -0.05 (0.03) for the pH value. CONCLUSIONS: The IABG reliably measured blood gases and pH values with acceptable clinical performance based on the overall results. There was, however, a decline in the agreement of the sensors and conventional values with increasing sensor lifetime. The mean differences (bias) and the standard deviation of differences (precision) of PO2, PCO2 and the pH values were acceptable for clinical purposes up to day 6. The arterial blood pressure tracings and blood withdrawal were not adversely affected. No side effects due to the sensors occurred. In summary, a prolonged sensor use for a period of up to 6 days appears to be reasonable. This system offers on-line information on oxygenation, ventilation, and acid-base status and allows immediate detection of acute and potentially life-threatening events.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of a rapid monitoring system to study heparin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of heparin were studied in 10 healthy volunteers using the Hepcon/System B-10. This coagulation-monitoring system uses each patient's body weight, height, baseline activated clotting time (ACT), and heparin dose response values to determine initial heparin doses. We administered a calculated mean +/- SD heparin doses of 85 +/- 14 U/kg to 10 subjects to achieve a mean +/- SD target ACT of 364 +/- 29 seconds. This dose produced a mean +/- SD measured peak ACT of 337 +/- 53 seconds from a mean +/- SD baseline of 121 +/- 10 seconds. The measured peak ACT values resulting from the individualized heparin doses were within 20% of the desired peak in 9 (90%) of the subjects. Using the ACT values, the average mean residence time for heparin effect was 1.2 hours and half-life was 0.8 +/- 0.2 hours, with all the subjects' values returning to within 10% of baseline by 4 hours after the dose. Using the protamine-derived heparin concentrations, heparin total-body clearance ranged from 43 to 99 ml/hr/kg (mean +/- SD 73.3 +/- 14.5 ml/hr/kg). A linear relationship was found between heparin concentration and change in ACT that was described by delta ACT = 16.85 + 136.7.(heparin concentration). We conclude that this method is easy to perform and accurate for determining initial heparin dosage requirements, and could be an important improvement over existing approaches. In addition, it is a valuable research tool for studying heparin pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

School absence and treatment in school children with respiratory symptoms in The Netherlands: data from the Child Health Monitoring System.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of respiratory problems, and the relation of these problems with school attendance, medicine use, and medical treatment. DESIGN: The Child Health Monitoring System. SETTING: Nineteen public health services across the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS: 5186 school children aged 4-15 years, who were eligible for a routine health assessment in the 1991/1992 school year. MAIN RESULTS: Respiratory symptoms were present in 12% of the children. Recent symptoms suggestive of asthma (wheezing or episodes of shortness of breath with wheezing in the past 12 months, or chronic cough, or a combination of these) were reported for 8%. These symptoms were most frequent in the younger children, and in children at school in towns with less than 20,000 inhabitants. Of the children with recent symptoms suggestive of asthma, 37% reported school absence for at least one week during the past 12 months, compared with 16% in children without respiratory symptoms. School absence because of respiratory illness was reported for 22%, and medicine use for respiratory problems for 38% of the children with recent symptoms suggestive of asthma. Of these children, 21% were receiving medical treatment, compared with 15% of the asymptomatic children. CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory symptoms are a common health problem in children, and they are an important cause of school absence and medicine use. However, the percentage of children receiving medical treatment seemed quite low, indicating that proper diagnosis and treatment are probably still a problem.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1984

Impact on ventilator-check time of an in-circuit computerized respiratory monitoring system.

To ensure appropriate quality control of mechanical ventilatory support in our institution, checks of patient status and ventilator performance are made every 2 hours. Our standard method of surveillance requires disconnecting the patient from the ventilator and connecting him to extraneous monitoring devices. We assessed the use of an in-circuit computerized respiratory monitoring system for ventilator surveillance and found that with this system significantly less therapist time was required to perform a check (5.8 +/- 1.18 minutes vs 9.9 +/- 1.53 minutes for the standard procedure) and that use of this system avoids the potential hazards associated with disconnecting a patient from the ventilator and introducing additional monitoring devices to the airway.

Chicago↗
PubMed2000

Limb defects associated with major congenital anomalies: clinical and epidemiological study from the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Monitoring Systems.

Although limb defects associated with other congenital anomalies are rarely studied, they may provide insights into limb development that may be useful for etiologic studies and public health monitoring. We pooled data from 11 birth defect registries that are part of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Monitoring Systems. We identified 666 infants, born from 1983 through 1993, who had a non-syndromal limb defect plus at least one other major malformation (rate 12.9/100,000 population). We used observed/expected ratios and log-linear models to detect association patterns. We found that specific limb defects occurred with relatively distinct sets of malformations. Preaxial limb defects occurred more frequently with microtia, esophageal atresia, anorectal atresia, heart defects, unilateral kidney dysgenesis, and some axial skeleton defects; postaxial defects with hypospadias; transverse defects with craniofacial defects, micrognathia, ring constrictions, and muscular defects; intercalary defects with omphalocele; split hand/foot with encephalocele; and amelia with anorectal atresia, omphalocele, severe genitalia defects, unilateral kidney dysgenesis, gastroschisis, and ring constriction. Log-linear modeling identified higher order associations among some of these same malformations.

Cleft Palate↗
PubMed2006

High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Shigella isolates in the United States tested by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System from 1999 to 2002.

Shigella spp. infect approximately 450,000 persons annually in the United States, resulting in over 6,000 hospitalizations. Since 1999, the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) for Enteric Bacteria has tested every 10th Shigella isolate from 16 state or local public health laboratories for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents. From 1999 to 2002, NARMS tested 1,604 isolates. Among 1,598 isolates identified to species level, 1,278 (80%) were Shigella sonnei, 295 (18%) were Shigella flexneri, 18 (1%) were Shigella boydii, and 7 (0.4%) were Shigella dysenteriae. Overall, 1,251 (78%) were resistant to ampicillin and 744 (46%) were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Prevalence of TMP-SMX- or ampicillin- and TMP-SMX-resistant Shigella sonnei isolates varied by geographic region, with lower rates in the South and Midwest regions (TMP-SMX resistance, 27% and 30%, respectively; ampicillin and TMP-SMX resistance, 25% and 22%, respectively) and higher rates in the East and West regions (TMP-SMX resistance, 66% and 80%, respectively; ampicillin and TMP-SMX resistance, 54% and 65%, respectively). Nineteen isolates (1%) were resistant to nalidixic acid (1% of S. sonnei and 2% of S. flexneri isolates); 12 (63%) of these isolates had decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. One S. flexneri isolate was resistant to ciprofloxacin. All isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone. Since 1986, resistance to ampicillin and TMP-SMX has dramatically increased. Shigella isolates in the United States remain susceptible to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed2005

Efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring system to detect unrecognized hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

This retrospective study assessed 17 DM1 pediatric patients (15.76 +/- 4.5 years) submitted to 72 h continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) (Medtronic, CA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of CGMS in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and the efficacy of this method to detect unrecognized hypoglycemia in this population. It were analyzed capillary glycemia (CG) and CGMS sensors value; glycemic excursions; postprandial hyperglycemia; unrecognized hypoglycemia; complications and therapeutic management after CGMS. A1c levels were measured at the start and after 3 months of the study. Correlation coefficient during hypo, hyper, and normoglycemia and sensitivity/specificity was determined. The mean CG values were 213.8 +/- 63.4 mg/dl vs. 209.7 +/- 52.5 mg/dl by sensor, with statistical significance by Pearson's correlation (p < 0.001). There was no difference between CGMS and CG value in order to detect glycemic excursions (p = 0.32). The postprandial hyperglycemia and unrecognized hypoglycemia was detected in 66.7% and 56.2% of this patients, respectively. The correlation coefficient during hypoglycemia presented no statistical significance by Pearson's correlation (p = 0.29) vs. during hyperglycemia (p = 0.001). The CGMS sensor presented low sensitivity (63.3%) to detect hypoglycemia. This data showed important decreased level of A1c in this population 3 months after CGMS with statistical significance (p = 0.03). The CGMS showed to be a very safe method, well tolerated, with high accuracy in glycemic values and low complications rate. This results suggest that CGMS is a good method to identify postprandial hyperglycemia, to improve metabolic changes in therapeutics with significant impact in A1c of diabetic pediatric patients. This data confirmed the low sensitivity of CGMS to detect unrecognized hypoglycemia in pediatric DM1 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Isolation and characterization of Yersinia enterocolitica from swine feces recovered during the National Animal Health Monitoring System Swine 2000 study.

A national study was conducted for the isolation of pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica in pig feces in the United States as part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System's Swine 2000 study. Fecal samples collected from swine operations from September 2000 to March 2001 from 77 production sites in 15 of the top 17 swine-producing states were tested for the presence of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica. After enrichment of swine fecal samples in irgasan-ticarcillin-potassium chlorate broth, the enriched cultures were plated on cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin agar for isolation of presumptive Y. enterocolitica. The isolates were confirmed as pathogenic Y. enterocolitica by the fluorogenic 5' nuclease PCR assay targeting the chromosomal attachment invasion ail gene. Of 2793 fecal samples tested, 106 (3.80%) ail-positive strains of Y. enterocolitica were isolated. These 106 ail-positive isolates originated from 7 of the 15 participating states. The predominant serotype O:3 (n = 79 of 106) was distributed in five states (n = 5 of 7). Serotype O:5 (n = 27 of 106) was also found in five states (n = 5 of 7). All isolates contained the virulence plasmid and expressed virulence-associated phenotypic characteristics. These results indicate that swine in the United Stares harbor Y. enterocolitica that can potentially cause human illness.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Accuracy of the ambulatory ECG monitoring system Cardio-Data Mk4 in detecting exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia.

The accuracy of ST-segment analysis in a direct-recording ambulatory ECG monitoring (AEGG) system (CardioData Mk 4 with recorder CardioData PR3) was compared with that obtained in a standard ECG recorder. Twenty two patients with coronary heart disease and a positive exercise test were submitted to a second bicycle exercise test with concomitant AECG monitoring. Application of a junction box made it possible to record the two bipolar AECG leads simultaneously on both standard ECG (leads ECG 1 and 2) and AECG (leads 1 and 2). We determined the time of the beginning, end and maximum and the magnitude of the ST-segment depression in bipolar leads AECG 1 and 2, and ECG 1 and 2. AECG monitoring was just as accurate as standard ECG: time intervals between the different leads showed good alignment. The degree of maximum ST-segment depression in ECG 1 (mean +/- SD: 0.22 +/- 0.11 mV) was identical to that in AECG 1 (0.22 +/- 0.13 mV). Maximum extent of ST-segment depression was lower in ECG 2 and AECG 2 but also comparable (ECG 2: 0.13 +/- 0.14 mV, AECG 2: 0.15 +/- 0.17 mV). Thus, ST-segment depressions found with a standard ECG recorder can also be reliably detected with a direct recording AECG monitoring system.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Aspirin or acetaminophen? A comparison from data collected by the Spanish Drug Monitoring System.

To characterize and compare the toxicity profiles of aspirin and acetaminophen when used by large populations, all records of adverse drug reactions to these drugs reported to the Spanish Drug Monitoring System from 1982 to 1991 were analyzed. According to these data, aspirin-induced reactions were more serious than those reactions to acetaminophen; the severity of all the reactions in both cases was associated with time of exposure and with the accumulated dose administered. For GI reactions to aspirin no association was found between severity and time of exposure or dose, although an association with age was found. There were no differences between the proportions of deaths, malformations, and renal damage recorded for either of the two groups. Proportions of hematological and hepatic disturbances were greater with acetaminophen. Adverse drug reaction data for aspirin and acetaminophen from spontaneous reporting seem to be consistent with data coming from observational studies.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

California National Animal Health Monitoring System for meat-turkey flocks, 1988-1989: diagnostic testing results.

Six hundred fourteen meat turkeys were submitted for necropsy from 24 California ranches as part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS). Enteritis was the most frequent pathologic diagnosis in birds 18 days old or younger and the second most frequent diagnosis in birds 19-70 days old. Hemorrhagic enteritis was the most frequent diagnosis in birds aged 19-70 days. Tibial dyschondroplasia, bronchopneumonia, and ascaridiasis were ranked one through three in frequency of diagnoses in birds over 70 days of age. Salmonella was isolated from 71% of flocks tested, and Mycoplasma meleagridis was isolated from 33% of tested flocks over 70 days of age. Antibodies to several disease agents were detected, including hemorrhagic enteritis (100% of flocks over 70 days old) and Newcastle disease (63% of flocks over 70 days old).

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Application of the Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS) in the 72-hour fast test in two patients with hypoglycemia.

OBJECTIVE: Hypoglycemia occurs in several pathologic states, and the supervised 72-h fast is the classic diagnostic test for hypoglycemia caused by insulinoma. The Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS), Medtronic MiniMed, Northridge, CA) is an appropriate method to detect asymptomatic hypoglycemia episodes in diabetes mellitus patients. In the present study, we use the CGMS to monitor glucose dynamics during a 72-h fast. METHODS: Two patients with hypoglycemia disorders were admitted to the hospital for testing. The CGMS sensors were inserted into the subcutaneous tissue prior to starting a 72-h fast test. Finger stick glucose levels were taken every 3-4 h, and the data were entered into the monitor for calibration. RESULTS: Paired glucose readings from CGMS and conventional meters were correlated significantly (P < 0.001, r2 = 0.79). There was no significant difference between the CGMS glucose levels and conventional meter glucose levels (P > 0.05). Use of CGMS detected a high prevalence of asymptomatic hypoglycemia and two types of hypoglycemia dynamics during a 72-h fast test. CONCLUSIONS: This initial report using CGMS detected two types of hypoglycemia dynamics during 72-h fasting, which may provide clues to better understand the pathophysiology of hypoglycemia.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Accuracy of the GlucoWatch G2 Biographer and the continuous glucose monitoring system during hypoglycemia: experience of the Diabetes Research in Children Network.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to assess the accuracy of the GlucoWatch G2 Biographer (GW2B) and the continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) during hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: During a 24-h clinical research center stay, 91 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (aged 3.5-17.7 years) wore one or two CGMSs, and 89 of these subjects wore one or two GW2Bs. Frequent serum glucose determinations were made during the day, overnight, and during insulin-induced hypoglycemia resulting in 192 GW2B reference pairs and 401 CGMS reference pairs during hypoglycemia (reference glucose < or =60 mg/dl). RESULTS: During hypoglycemia, the median absolute difference between the 192 GW2B reference glucose pairs was 26 mg/dl and between the 401 CGMS reference glucose pairs was 19 mg/dl with 31 and 42%, respectively, of the sensor values within 15 mg/dl of the reference glucose. Sensitivity to detect hypoglycemia when the GW2B alarm level was set to 60 mg/dl was 23% with a false-alarm rate of 51%. Analyses suggested that modified CGMS sensors that became available in November 2002 might be more accurate than the original CGMS sensors (median absolute difference 15 vs. 20 mg/dl). CONCLUSIONS: These data show that the GW2B and the CGMS do not reliably detect hypoglycemia. Both of these devices perform better at higher glucose levels, suggesting they may be more useful in reducing HbA1c levels than in detecting hypoglycemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[The glycemic excursions in normal glucose tolerance individuals revealed by continuous glucose monitoring system].

OBJECTIVE: To probe more details about the daily glycemic excursions in normal glucose tolerance (NGT) individuals. METHODS: The fluctuations of glucose levels in 43 NGT individuals were measured by continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) for (72 +/- 7) hours. RESULTS: The number of glucose values detected by CGMS amounted to 858 +/- 77 with a mean absolute difference (MAD) of 8.9% +/- 3.0%. The CGMS values in this study were significantly correlated with the plasma glucose and capillary glucose measurements (n = 204, r = 0.93; n = 804, r = 0.95; both P < 0.001). The glycemic excursions revealed that the daily glycemic levels were lower at night and before meals, the climax of daily glycemic level tended to appear 1- 2 hours after meals, particularly after dinner. The average glycemic value was 5.3 mmol/L. The daily glycemic peak and nadir levels were (7.8 +/- 1.4) mmol/L and (3.9 +/- 0.7) mmol/L respectively; the difference between maximal and minimal glucose levels was (3.9 +/- 1.6) mmol/L. Twenty-seven of the 43 individuals (63%) showed glycemic excursion above 7.8 mmol/L, and 9 individuals (21%) showed brief glycemic excursion below 2.8 mmol/L. During 95% (74% - 100%) of the daytime the glycemic level drifted to and fro between 3.3 mmol/L and 7.0 mmol/L; and during 99% (87% - 100%) of the daytime the glycemic level drifted to and fro between 2.8 mmol/L and 7.8 mmol/L. CONCLUSION: The profile of glycemic excursion in NGT individuals may have an important significance in defining the diagnostic cut-points and targets for glycemic control on diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Establishment of blood glucose monitoring system using the internet.

OBJECTIVE: The Internet is used worldwide as a communication tool. To improve the quality of diabetes control, we investigated the effectiveness of an Internet-based blood glucose monitoring system (IBGMS) on controlling the changes in HbA(1c) levels. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a randomized clinical trial involving 110 patients who visited the outpatient clinic at the Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital for 3 months. The study subjects were treated with IBGMS for 12 weeks, and the control group received the usual outpatient management over the same period. HbA(1c) and other laboratory tests were performed twice, once at the beginning of the study and again at the end of the study. RESULTS: The test results from the beginning of the study established that there were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to age, sex, diabetes duration, BMI, blood pressure, HbA(1c), and other laboratory data. On follow-up examination 12 weeks later, HbA(1c) levels were significantly decreased from 7.59 to 6.94% within the intervention group (P < 0.001). At the end of the study, HbA(1c) levels in the intervention group were significantly lower than in the control group after adjusting the baseline HbA(1c) (6.94 vs. 7.62%; P < 0.001, respectively). Among patients with baseline HbA(1c) <7.0%, the patients in the intervention group had lower HbA(1c) than those in the control group (6.38 vs. 6.99%; P < 0.05). Among the patients with a baseline HbA(1c) > or = 7.0%, the difference between the two groups appeared more obvious: HbA(1c) levels at the end of the study were 8.12%. CONCLUSIONS: This new IBGMS resulted in a significant reduction of HbA(1c) during the study period. We propose that this IBGMS be used as a method for improving diabetes control.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed2002

European Concerted Action on Anticoagulation. Evaluation of a method for International Sensitivity Index calibration of two point-of-care prothrombin time (PT) monitoring systems (CoaguChek Mini and TAS PT-NC) with fresh plasmas based on whole-blood equivalent PT.

BACKGROUND: The International Sensitivity Index (ISI) calibration of whole-blood prothrombin time (PT) monitors for point-of-care testing (POCT) described by Tripodi et al. (Thromb Haemost 1993;70:921-4) has been shown to be dependable but is too complex and demanding. The use of plasma would simplify calibration of whole-blood POCT PT monitors, but important differences may exist between the ISI for whole blood and plasma calibrations. METHODS: In a 10-center calibration study of two POCT whole-blood monitoring systems (CoaguChek Mini and TAS PT-NC), we characterized the relationship between the log PT for whole blood and fresh plasma with use of single lots of test strips/cards. This relationship (linear) was used to correct the difference between the whole-blood and plasma ISI. The reliability of the correction with different lots of test strips/cards was assessed at three centers. The linear relationship was used to correct the difference in the whole-blood and plasma ISI with four other lots of TAS PT-NC cards and with two additional lots of CoaguChek Mini test strips. RESULTS: The correction decreased the ISI difference from 13.3% to 0.9% for the TAS PT-NC and from 5.7% to 0.6% for the CoaguChek Mini. In assessments at three centers, which included different lots of test strips/cards, the mean ISI difference was markedly decreased with the TAS PT-NC but not with the CoaguChek Mini, for which the mean ISI difference increased slightly. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed correction resolves the discrepancy between whole-blood and fresh plasma ISI calibrations with TAS PT-NC test cards. The CoaguChek Mini systems could be calibrated without this correction.

Animals↗