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PubMed1996

The role of the testicles in male psychological development.

In this paper the role of the testicles in male psychological development is thoroughly investigated. All previous psychoanalytic studies are reviewed; new clinical material is presented; critical research data from pediatric urology and physiological sex research are utilized. A number of significant conclusions emerge. (1) Certain cases of pathological castration anxiety are explained by a psychosomatic phenomenon (the "testicular vicious cycle") caused by actual and perceived threats to the genitals. (2) Testicular factors may be decisive in various neurotic symptom formations beginning with the early toilet training period. The testicular contribution then takes place along certain preferred pathways of symbolic displacement. (3) Testicular symptoms are observed in many cases of physical and sexual abuse. This finding has application to the treatment of male abuse survivors and to their related sexual dysfunctions. (4) Masturbation involving the testicles is not infrequent in young boys; the most common practice consists of inserting the testes inside the body. (5) The condition of cryptorchism may contribute to psychopathology, especially in the area of masculine self-image; however, cryptorchid boys do not tend to be gender-disordered, effeminate, or prehomosexual. (6) Male body image formation after the phallic stage is a complex emotional and intellectual task involving temporary denial of the inner body and the testicles. Finally it is suggested that a revised account of male sexuality, including both penis and testicles, is a prerequisite for any psychoanalytic theory of gender.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Increased libido associated with quetiapine.

We report sexual symptoms in a 44 year old man with schizophrenia who was receiving treatment with the atypical antipsychotic quetiapine. The symptoms consisted of an increased drive to masturbate and spontaneous ejaculations at night time. We discuss the potential neuro-chemical mechanisms for this and argue that quetiapine's unique pharmacological profile may have contributed to the development of his symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Acute neuroendocrine response to sexual stimulation in sexual offenders.

BACKGROUND: Several pharmacotherapeutic approaches have confirmed the influence of neuroendocrine parameters on sexual desire, function, and fantasies in men; however, the relevance of acute neuroendocrine changes in mediating heightened sexual drive remains unknown. We recently demonstrated that plasma prolactin substantially increases following orgasm in healthy men, suggesting a feedback mechanism for peripheral prolactin in the control of acute sexual arousal. Because prolactin appears to play a regulatory role in acute sexual drive, we initiated this study to see whether sexual offenders with a high sexual drive have a different neuroendocrine response to sexual arousal. This study compares the prolactin response to orgasm of sexual offenders with high sexual drive and that of healthy subjects with average sexual drive. METHODS: From a subject pool of 150 inpatients held because of sexual crimes, we recruited 10 volunteers, based on their high sexual drive according to an intensive, semistructured clinical interview. We defined sexual drive by a short refractory period and strong sexualization, or a high frequency of sexual stimulation. We analyzed the acute psychoneuroendocrine response to sexual arousal and orgasm continuously before, during, and after masturbation-induced orgasm in patients and control subjects. RESULTS: Sexual offenders demonstrated higher sexual desire (P < 0.001) and function (P < 0.001) and a more positively perceived refractory period (P < 0.05). Both groups displayed a prolonged, significant increase in prolactin plasma levels after orgasm (P < 0.001). Sexual offenders did not differ from control subjects in neuroendocrine response to sexual arousal and orgasm. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that sexual offenders with a high sexual drive do not differ from control subjects in the postorgasmic neuroendocrine response, particularly in prolactin release. This study confirms that factors other than peripheral hormones influence deviant sexual behaviour.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effect of combined androgen blockade with an LHRH agonist and flutamide in one severe case of male exhibitionism.

A severe exhibitionist has been treated with the combination of an LHRH agonist and the antiandrogen flutamide in order to maximize androgen blocking and to control his severe deviant behaviour. The results obtained show that the androgen blockade ended his exhibitionistic behaviour and markedly decreased his sexual fantasies and activities, especially masturbation, without significant side effects.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1999

Sexual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: II. Correlation analysis.

Sexual dysfunction affects a large part of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, but some aspects of its clinical presentation and aetiology are not clearly defined yet. In an unselected sample of 108 patients with definite multiple sclerosis we investigated the relationship between symptoms of sexual dysfunctioning and sphincteric dysfunction, patients' and disease characteristics, disability and neurological impairment, psychological and cognitive functioning. Sexual dysfunction directly correlated with presence of physical disorders (r=0.37, P=0.0004), low educational level (r=0.32, P<0.002), disability (r=0.31, P<0.003), age at onset of symptoms (r=0.30, P<0.003), sphincteric dysfunction (r=0.30, P<0.003), age (r=0.30, P<0.004), depression (r=0.29, P<0.005), fatigue (r=0.29, P=0.005), cognitive deterioration (r=0.26, P<0.01), primary-progressive course of disease (r=0.25, P<0.02), neurological impairment (r=0.25, P<0.02), marriage (r=0.24, P<0.02), anxiety (r=0. 23, P<0.03), male gender (r=0.22, P=0.03) bladder dysfunction (r=0. 29, P<0.04), and unemployment (r=0.21, P<0.04). Sexual dysfunction correlated inversely with relapsing - remitting course of disease (r=-0.31, P<0.002). No correlation was found between sexual dysfunction and bowel dysfunction, duration of disease, secondary-progressive course of disease, number and frequency of sexual intercourses in the last year, number of partners, number of exacerbations in the last year, number of months since last exacerbation, masturbation, and fertility. In conclusion, the association between sexual dysfunction and sphincteric dysfunction indicates a common aetiology corresponding to the frequent involvement of the spinal cord in multiple sclerosis, but the concomitant correlation between sexual dysfunction and other variables suggests the possible aetiological role of physical, psychological and sociological factors as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Age, transvestism, bondage, and concurrent paraphilic activities in 117 fatal cases of autoerotic asphyxia.

Autoerotic asphyxia is the practice of self-inducing cerebral anoxia, usually by hanging, strangulation, or suffocation, during masturbation. This study investigated the relationships between: asphyxiators' ages; two paraphilias commonly accompanying autoerotic asphyxia, bondage and transvestism; and various other types of simultaneous sexual behaviour. Subjects were two concurrent series totalling 117 males aged 10-56 who died accidentally during autoerotic asphyxial activities. Data concerning sexual paraphernalia at the scene of death or among the deceased's effects were extracted from coronors' files using standardised protocols. Anal self-stimulation with dildos, etc., and self-observation with mirrors or cameras were correlated with transvestism. Older asphyxiators were more likely to have been simultaneously engaged in bondage or transvestism, suggesting elaboration of the masturbatory ritual over time. The greatest degree of transvestism was associated with intermediate rather than high levels of bondage, suggesting that response competition from bondage may limit asphyxiators' involvement in a third paraphilia like transvestism.

Accidents↗
PubMed2003

Changes in sexual behavior and fecal steroid hormone concentrations during the breeding season in female Hokkaido brown bears (Ursus arctos yesoensis) under captive condition.

The longitudinal changes in fecal steroid hormone concentrations and sexual behavior in 2 mated/pregnant and 3 non-mated female Hokkaido brown bears were investigated during the breeding season. Behavioral estrus (standing) lasted for 14 and 32 days in the mated females and for 25 to 36 days in the non-mated females. In non-mated females, sexual behavior, such as female-female mounting and masturbation, was observed for several days before and after the estrous period. In mated females, mean fecal estradiol-17beta concentrations were higher in the estrous period than in the post-estrous period, while fecal progesterone concentrations were higher in the post-estrous period than in the estrous period. The similar trends of steroid hormone changes were observed in the non-mated females.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Jeremy Bentham's essay on "Paederasty". Part 2.

This is Part 2 of a transcription of Bentham's manuscript essay on "Paederasty" (1785), Part 1 of which appeared in Vol. 3, No. 4. In Part 1 Bentham argued for the decriminalization of sodomy and opposed the theories of Montesquieu and Voltaire as to its social dangers. In Part 2 Bentham speculates on its causes and alleges that the real reason such behavior is so severely punished is an irrational "antipathy" to pleasure generally and to sexual pleasure in particular. He discusses the danger of blackmail and false accusations and the punishment of lesbian acts, bestiality, and masturbation. Some miscellaneous related notes by Bentham are appended: these deal with religious fears based on the destruction of Sodom, the threat to population, the harshness of English naval law, and other topics.

Attitude↗
PubMed1985

Perceived sexual satisfaction and marital happiness of bisexual and heterosexual swinging husbands.

This study compared the sexual satisfaction and marital happiness of 50 bisexual and 50 heterosexual married male volunteers. All participants chosen were in swinging marriages. Age, length of current marriages, and socioeconomic status were matched and controlled between samples. The bisexual sample reported: (a) significantly more frequent orgasms with females, from masturbation, and from all sexual activities combined; and (b) a significantly greater incidence of orgasms from fantasies or dreams. Although both samples gave high ratings to their sexual satisfaction and marital happiness, both measures were rated significantly higher by the heterosexual males.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Narcissistic resistances in the analytic experience.

The narcissistic resistances in the clinical experience and the supposed autonomy of the patient to reproduce the narcissistic stage are studied in this paper. The problem is examined through the analysis of a patient, who masturbated compulsively. The relationship between the symptom and the transference is investigated because the symptom related to specific behaviour from the object, and in order to understand the meaning of the phantasy that underlines the auto-erotic activity. It is pointed out that, in order for defensive activity to fulfil its sense of narcissistic refuge, an other (distinct from the subject) must carry out an essential function of support of the narcissistic defence. Narcissistic self-sufficiency is governed by a paradox, as it needs an object to demonstrate that it can subsequently dispense with this object. A second paradox occurs when the narcissistic subject can only succeed in dispensing with the object if the object gives some sign indicating that he is affected by such 'doing without'. In the analytical relationship, this type of defence manifests itself as narcissistic resistance. The analyst participates in the covering-up of the dependency that the defensive system has on the external object and this is a prerequisite for establishing the resistance.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

All holes are the same: emerging from the confusion.

The author describes a type of mental development in which the primitive libidinal value of faeces and urine is kept unaltered all through adulthood. In this instance, individuals harbour fantasies of projective identification with the internal parents, denying their real dependence, which leads to a pseudomaturity. These fantasies are usually accompanied by anal and genital masturbation and have intense aggressive content. Furthermore, there is a significant confusion among all body orifices, leading to an inability to distinguish the self from the object, the inner world from outside reality. Individuals with this type of development can only maintain limited object relations and have highly erotized excretory activities. Manipulation of faeces may occur. This structure works as a defence against breakdown, but may also provide pleasure as it gives the illusion of omnipotent control of the object, as typical in pathological organizations. The author presents clinical material and discusses the difficulties of the analysis, in which the patient tries to seduce the analyst into colluding with his mental functioning, primarily as a means of communication as well as a projection of his despair and his disbelief in the analyst's ability to help him.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Influence of ejaculation frequency on semen characteristics in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).

Semen samples were obtained by masturbation from 6 chimpanzees and the spontaneously liquefied fraction and the remaining coagulum were studied separately. When semen was collected once or twice a week, large intra-individual variations were observed for all measures. The liquefied fraction represented 26.5 +/- 3.2% (weighted mean +/- s.d.) of the total ejaculate but contained 51.3 +/- 3.8% of all emitted spermatozoa. Fructose concentration was higher in the coagulum than in the liquefied fraction (29.3 +/- 3.0 mumol/ml vs 12.0 +/- 2.7 mumol/ml, P less than 0.001) whereas acid phosphatase was less concentrated in the coagulum than in the liquefied fraction (3.5 +/- 0.3 x 10(3) IU/ml vs 13.0 +/- 0.9 x 10(3) IU/ml, P less than 0.001). L-Carnitine and citrate concentrations did not differ between the two fractions of the ejaculate. When semen collection was repeated every hour for 5 h, the ejaculate volume increased from 2.6 +/- 0.7 to 4.7 +/- 0.6 ml (P less than 0.001), whereas total sperm count decreased from 1278 +/- 872 x 10(6) to 587 +/- 329 x 10(6) (P less than 0.05) between the 1st and the 6th ejaculate. In the spontaneously liquefied fraction, the sperm count decreased from 984 to 369 x 10(6). The 6 successive ejaculates gave a total of 20.2 +/- 7.6 ml and 4278 +/- 2884 x 10(6) spermatozoa. The increase of the ejaculate volume was essentially due to an increase of the volume of the coagulum which closely correlated with total amount of fructose (from seminal vesicles) (r = 0.913, P less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Satiation therapy: a procedure for reducing deviant sexual arousal.

Two single-case experiments demonstrated the efficacy of satiation therapy with adult males who had long-standing deviant sexual interests. The procedure involves the pairing of prolonged masturbation (1 hour) with the verbalization by the patient of his deviant sexual fantasies and in both cases the designs permitted the attribution of control over aberrant responding to the satiation therapy. The results are discussed in terms of the possible active ingredients of the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The psychosexual histories of young women with bulimia.

While it is known that anorexia nervosa patients show a wide range of sexual knowledge, attitudes and practices, the psychosexual histories of bulimia patients have not been studied. In this paper the psychosexual histories of 20 bulimic patients and 20 matched control subjects are presented. Bulimic patients were more likely to experience orgasm with masturbation, were more likely to have experimented with anal intercourse, and were more likely to describe their libido as 'above average.' Control subjects were more likely to experience orgasm during sexual intercourse. Bulimic patients associated high body weights with unattractiveness, and tended to withdraw from social and sexual activity at high weights. In other aspects of their sexual behaviour, and in their attitudes to sexual matters, the two groups were similar.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Sex and handedness differences in the use of autoerotic fantasy and imagery: a proposed explanation.

Previous research has described a greater use of fantasy and imagery during masturbation by men, than women. This study suggests that this gender disparity results from the increased frequency of bilateral speech representation found in the female brain. Support for this theory was obtained by comparing the use of autoerotic fantasy and imagery in another group distinguished by their degree of cerebral lateralization: dextral vs. sinistral males. The prediction that masturbatory fantasy and imagery would be more common in the more lateralized dextral males was partially confirmed in this study.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Religiosity and sexual responsibility: relationships of choice.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the current influence of women's religiosity upon their sexual attitudes and behavior, including feelings of guilt. METHOD: An anonymous questionnaire was administered to 535 female undergraduates at a Midwestern university. RESULTS: Higher degrees of religiosity were associated with negative attitudes toward nonprocreative sexual activities, guilt towards masturbation, less likelihood of engaging in sexual intercourse, and fewer sex partners if sexually experienced. No significant differences were found regarding religiosity and physiological or psychological sexual satisfaction. CONCLUSION: Religiosity appears related to sexual attitudes and behavior of college women, but not physiological or psychological sexual satisfaction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Sexuality of older women. The effect of menopause, other physical and social and partner related factors].

Research on female sexuality in middle and old age (50-90 years) is reviewed. The descriptive results of the studies published up to now are summarized according to the dimensions of sexual activity (e.g. intercourse, tenderness, masturbation) and interest. The influence of various factors on female sexuality in middle and old age is critically discussed, namely health/body (health; general changes in sexual reactions; menopause), society (population structure; "double standard of aging"; historical-biographical influences) and couple relationship. Altogether, female sexuality is highly variable. The most prevalent psychosexual problems of older women are not the classic medical complaints (e.g. dyspareunia, insufficient lubrication) but a lack of tenderness and of sexual contact. The effect of the hormonal changes of the menopause is smaller than the effect of psychological, society- and partner-related factors. The so-called "Hormone replacement therapy" does not have significant effects on most sexual dimensions.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Surgeon experience with penile fracture.

PURPOSE: The experience of a single surgeon with a series of 34 penile fractures, including 29 corrected surgically and 5 managed conservatively, at 3 large inner city medical centers in an 11-year period is presented. Standard diagnostic and therapeutic modalities are described that have evolved with time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1989 and 1999, 34 patients 18 to 38 years old (mean age 27 at presentation) were evaluated after blunt trauma to the erect penis. The interval from injury to presentation was between 6 and 72 hours. Of these patients 32 and 2 had been injured during sexual intercourse and masturbation, respectively. Surgery in 29 cases involved a degloving incision, and intraoperative evaluation of the corpora and urethra by radiography or saline injection. Five patients were treated conservatively for presumed penile fracture after they refused diagnostic confirmation and/or surgery. RESULTS: Injury involved unilateral and bilateral corporeal rupture in 25 and 3 cases, respectively, and urethral injury in 5. Urinalysis in 6 patients demonstrated microscopic hematuria with 5 to 10 red blood cells, although there were several false-negative urethrograms and cavernosograms. At followup 33 of the 34 patients available reported erection adequate for intercourse without erectile or voiding dysfunction, while 2 reported mild to moderate curvature. CONCLUSIONS: A degloving procedure with a urethral catheter in place provides the best exposure and orientation. In addition, saline injection may demonstrate additional corporeal body and/or urethral pathology as well as assess the integrity of repair. Although surgical repair was not associated with serious sequelae, a small subgroup of patients with presumed penile fracture also had no sequelae.

Adolescent↗