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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Caffeine and the development of normal, benign and carcinomatous human breast tissues: a relationship?

There has been much interest in the role of dietary factors in the etiology and progression of breast disease. Due to its wide consumption and the many biochemical and physiologic effects it exerts, caffeine has been extensively examined in both clinical and experimental studies. To date, clinical studies investigating a possible relationship between caffeine consumption and breast disease in humans have yielded inconsistent and inconclusive results; further research is needed to resolve this uncertain relationship. In experimental studies utilizing laboratory rats and mice, caffeine has been shown to affect normal, hyperplastic, and carcinomatous mammae development. It has been proposed by many laboratories that antagonism of adenosine receptor is the most plausible mechanism to account for the many biologic activities of caffeine. However, other mechanisms by which caffeine may act cannot be discounted. Further research is needed to affirm the mechanism(s) by which caffeine acts, especially with regard to the developmental growth of normal, benign and carcinomatous human breast tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Mammographic screening for breast cancer--a cost-benefit analysis].

A cost-benefit analysis of the Swedish model for screening for neoplasma malignum mammae revealed scientific shortcomings in the basis for decision. It was not possible to determine whether the screening model involved a net loss or a net profit for the individual woman. Since false confidence seems to increase the mortality in breast cancer a new dimension was introduced, a sensitivity index as an expression of revealed fractions of the incidence in the participant population. This sensitivity index estimated some two thirds of the malignant neoplasms which are normally diagnosed in a two year period.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Secondary malignomas following radiotherapy of breast carcinoma: a case report].

Numerous cases of radiation-induced malignoma have been described, where the radiation osteosarcomas are placed in the foreground. In this article a case of a female patient is described who developed not only a radiation-induced osteosarcoma but also a thyroid gland carcinoma after a previous postsurgical mamma carcinoma whereby the irradiation dose of the radiation sarcoma is about 64 Gy and for the thyroid gland carcinoma about 12 Gy.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

[Sonographic findings of the mammary papilla of cattle].

Morphological structures of the bovine Papilla mammae can be differentiated with portable ultrasound units and 5 MHz linear arrays. For practical use it is possible to scan the teat in a water-filled plastic cup as a kind of water delay system. The visualization of pathological findings shows a possibility to evaluate this method as a diagnostic tool for the bovine teat.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The radiation reaction of the lung following the treatment of breast carcinoma with telecesium--the correlation with the dose-time relationship].

51 mamma carcinoma patients underwent postoperative telecaesium irradiation (50 Gy). Chest radiograms were taken preceding the treatment and following it by eight to ten weeks. By reason of the results it can be supposed, that the unavoidable lung reaction due to radiotherapy can be decreased and partly avoided by adequate fractionation.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[The simultaneous occurrence of chronic lymphatic leukemia with malignant tumors and the lymphatic reaction caused by malignant growths].

In 352 patients affected with chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) the authors simultaneously detected a solid second tumour 22 times (= 6.22%) (6 cancers of the prostrate, 5 cancers of the skin, 4 cancers of the uterus, 2 cancers of the stomach, 2 cancers of the lung, one case of rectal and mamma cancer each and one case of eye sarcoma). In one third of the cases the two malignomas were simultaneously detected, thus it was excluded that the second tumour was induced by the antimitotic treatment of the primary disease. In seven cases the solid tumour was identified after diagnosing CLL, without any cytostatic therapy having been made here before. In addition, a report is given on a patient showing symptoms of gastric cancer not radically removed and a lymphocytic reaction. Initially, the case was explained as gastric adenocancer with simultaneous CLL because even 5 years after surgical treatment there were 16-20 X 10(6)/l of leukocytes with 64% of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and 85% of lympho-reticular cells in the bone marrow. Two years later, however, the blood picture was normal and remained to be unchanged further on. Thus, it seems that the healing of the gastric cancer has caused the lymphocytic reaction to have ceased. In addition, it should be noted that in 1974 the patient suffered from an epithelium after a scratch-mark on the nose tip, which was irradiated, however, without eliciting any lymphocytic reaction. The patient is still alive (June 1985).

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Identification of a widely distributed 90-kDa glycoprotein that is homologous to the Hermes-1 human lymphocyte homing receptor.

Homing of recirculating lymphocytes from the blood into the lymphoid tissues is mediated by 90-kDa homing receptors on the lymphocyte cell surface, allowing selective binding to specialized endothelium lining high endothelial venules. This study describes two novel mAb, NKI-P1 and NKI-P2, directed against functional epitopes of a human lymphocyte homing receptor, gp90. Biochemical studies demonstrated that these antibodies recognize a 90-kDa glycoprotein which is similar to the Ag recognized by the mAb Hermes-1. This notion was confirmed by immunohistochemical studies showing identical reaction patterns. Furthermore, it was observed that NKI-P1 and NKI-P2 blocked adhesion of lymphocytes to high endothelial venules. Immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation studies revealed that gp90 is widely expressed on hemopoietic cells including lymphocytes, macrophages/dendritic cells, myeloid cells, and erythrocytes. The gp90 is also expressed on a number of nonhemopoietic cells such as endothelial cells, certain epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. In addition to its expression on normal cells, gp90 is present on a spectrum of tumor cell lines of lymphoid, monocytic, epithelial, glial, and melanocytic origin. In addition to the 90-kDa product, the antibodies immunoprecipitate several polypeptides in the range of 120 to 200 kDa. Interestingly, it was observed that certain mamma tumor cell-line cells lack the 90-kDa polypeptide indicating the heterogeneous expression of the molecules recognized by the antibodies. These results indicate that the 90-kDa glycoprotein homologues of the Hermes-1 human lymphocyte homing receptor are expressed on hemopoietic tissues as well as on a number of nonhemopoietic tissues and tumor cell lines. Although the function of these molecules in nonlymphoid cells is presently unknown, they might play a role in cell-cell or cell-matrix adhesion.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study of estramustine phosphate (Estracyt) on prostatic cancer].

Clinical effect of Estracyt was investigated in prostatic cancer patients. Twenty seven patients had been previously treated and 20 had not received prior treatment. Improvement rate of subjective symptoms was 85% in the previously untreated patients and that of objective findings was 85%, while those rates were 44% and 50% in the previously treated patients, respectively. Most of the adverse reactions were changes in mamma and mammary papilla which were considered to be due to the estrogenic activity.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Graduated optimization of fractionation using a 2-component model].

To calculate the optimal conditions for fractionation a two-component multitarget model and a gradual optimizing method were applied for several tumor types (squamous cell carcinoma of skin, adenocarcinoma of mamma) and for critical normal tissue (skin, vessel-stroma). The calculated regimes guarantee a tumor healing without complications with high probability (70-95%). This probability is higher by 10-11% than in computer-based calculation by probit analysis.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Large breasts--big problems?].

Hypertrophy of the breast often leads to pain in the neck and shoulders. This group of patients comprises mainly employed women who are otherwise in good health. For many of them, the problems cause long periods of absence from work. We wished to find out to what degree the main symptoms of these patients were caused by large and heavy mammae. We also wished to ascertain whether operative reduction of the breasts has the desired effect of alleviating the problems. A questionnaire was sent to 99 patients. The response was 69%. We discuss the interpretation of the answers, and conclude that the problems reported by patients were to a large extent real and that the vast majority of patients had been helped by operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Gigantomastia in puberty].

The authors present a case of gigantomastia in a 14-year-old girl, which was accompanied with sharp increase in both mammae. Examinations failed to show hormonal alterations, carcinomas of the genitals and hypophysis. The two mammary glands were removed. Histological examination revealed that there was no lobular structure, ductus covered with thickened or cubic endothelium were cystically enlarged, the stroma consisted of dense connective tissue. The pathological condition described occurs extremely rarely.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Frequency and diagnosis of chronic changes in the mammary glands of sows (abattoir findings)].

The mammary glands of 1000 slaughtered sows were examined with regard to defects in teats, skin and parenchyma. For its clinical importance it is to be emphasized that 23% of all sows showed symptoms of chronic mastitis (phlegmon, abscess, granuloma, fibrosis). It can be expected that a thorough examination of the porcine mamma during the stage of involution will discover disturbances of nursing, caused by lesions in the parenchyma or in the lactiferous ducts.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Influence of the type of dietary fat on developmental growth of the mammary gland in immature and mature female BALB/c mice.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not the type of dietary fat can affect mammary gland growth processes in the immature and mature female BALB/c mouse. Groups of immature and mature mice were fed one of the following purified semisynthetic diets containing different types of fat, i.e., five vegetable oil diets (5% corn oil, 20% corn oil, 20% olive oil, 20% linseed oil, 19% coconut oil-1% corn oil); two animal fat diets (20% lard, 19% beef tallow-1% corn oil); and one fish oil diet (19% Menhaden oil-1% corn oil). In addition, fish-corn oil diets (20%) containing three different levels of corn oil (15%, 10%, 4.5%) and fish oil (5%, 10%, 15.5%) were also examined in these studies. Immature mice were fed these diets from 21 to 45 days of age, ovariectomized at 35 days of age, given injections daily of 17 beta-estradiol (1 microgram) and progesterone (1 mg) on Days 42 to 44, and sacrificed on Day 45. Mammary ductal expansion through the mammary fat-pad (mm, nipple to farthest end bud) was determined on the inguinal (No. 4) mammary glands. Mature mice were fed these diets from 28 to 128 days of age. Half of these mice were sacrificed between 118 and 128 days of age during the stage of estrus of the estrous cycle. The remaining half were given injections daily of 17 beta-estradiol (1 microgram) and progesterone (1 mg) from 118 to 127 days of age and sacrificed on Day 128. Mammary developmental growth was assessed on inguinal mammary glands by ascription of development scores, determination of epithelial area (mm2), and determination of total DNA levels. In both immature mice and mammotrophic hormone-treated mature mice fed the fish oil diet (19% Menhaden oil-1% corn oil, 15.5% Menhaden oil-4.5% corn oil), significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced developmental growth of the mammary gland was observed when compared to mice fed the 19 to 20% vegetable oil or animal fat diets. No significant difference in mammary gland developmental growth was observed among the groups of mice fed the 19 to 20% vegetable oil or animal fat diets. In immature mice and mammotrophic hormone-treated mature mice, significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced mammary gland developmental growth was observed in mice fed the 5% corn oil diet compared with mice fed the 20% corn oil diet. In mature mice not treated with exogenous mammotrophic hormones, no significant effect of diet on mammae development was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Aging↗
PubMed1987

[Changes in the genital tract of female swine after feeding with practice-relevant amounts of zearalenone].

Zearalenone is one of the most frequent, naturally occurring mycotoxins in feedstuffs: 13.9% of 710 samples analyzed contained zearalenone in concentrations of 1.0 to 1,725 micrograms/kg. Trial feeding with female pigs demonstrated that a zearalenone concentration of 250 micrograms/kg feed produced distinct redness and swelling of the vulva, slight swelling of the mamma and numerous vesicular follicles and some cystic follicles on the ovaria. The symptoms on the external genital tract were not observed when the zearalenone concentration in the feedstuff, was 50 micrograms/kg but the section also established that vesicular follicles on the ovaria of these animals were more frequent than on the ovaria of the control animal.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1987

Electron microscopy and immunostaining of the normal breast and its benign lesions. A search for neuroendocrine cells.

Specimens from 7 patients with normal breast tissue 26 patients with benign breast lesions (6 fibroadenomas, and 4 intraductal papillomas, 2 mammae lactantes, 10 cases of cystic disease and 4 fibrotic lesions) were studied by immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Excretory epithelial cells in 2 of the 4 papillomas were immunostained for NSE. Myoepithelial cells were frequently stained as well. All the breast specimens were nonreactive to the antichromogranin antibody we used. The 2 NSE positive intraductal papillomas were tested for presence of hormone immunoreactivity, but no positively stained cells were observed. No cells with neuroendocrine features were observed by electron microscopy. The present study did not reveal neuroendocrine cells in the normal breast specimens and undisputed proof of neuroendocrine differentiation in benign breast lesions was not established. We conclude that if neuroendocrine cells are present in the normal breast, they are very rare, and probably not the cellular origin of all breast carcinomas with neuroendocrine features.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1988

On the problem of the characterization of late effects by a linear-quadratic survival function. II. Some clinical applications.

On the basis of a previous publication, where radiobiological data of acute and late tissue responses have been analyzed by a linear-quadratic survival function SLQ, clinical observations referring preferably to the postoperative irradiation of mamma carcinoma are presented. Thus the qualitative behavior of radiobiological isoeffect slopes being steeper for late tissue responses than for acute effects can be confirmed by this analysis. However, a statistical analysis of the clinical observations will indicate that late effects and, in particular, the average latency period of their clinical manifestation is mainly dependent on the volume factor.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[A 12-year report of follow-up after surgical treatment of bilateral hypernephroid kidney cancer and subsequent diffuse metastatic breast cancer].

It is reported on a presently 67-year-old female patient with bilateral renal cell carcinoma which was found in 1975. On the left side an extended nephrectomy was performed, the right-sided renal cell carcinoma was resected extracorporeally and thereafter the kidney autotransplanted. In 1977 a subcutaneous mastectomy was performed because of mamma carcinoma and the diffuse metastases in the skeleton regressed completely after combined cytostatic therapy. After a 12-year follow-up time the autotransplanted kidney show normal function and no recurrent tumor.

Aged↗