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Results for “Labor Onset”

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PubMedDate not supplied

[Prostaglandin E2 gel for labor induction in preterm pregnancy].

OBJECTIVES: Endocervical prostaglandin E2 gel administration is widely accepted mean of induction of labor in pregnancy at term. Further investigation is needed to assess its usage in pregnancy below 37 weeks' gestation. The aim of this study is to analyse the course of labor, its complications and neonatal outcome in preterm deliveries induced with endocervical dinoprostone. RESULTS: We conducted a retrospective study of 22 preterm deliveries induced with dinoprostone. A control group consisted of 26 pregnancies at term. The incidence of cesarean sections was comparable in both preterm and term deliveries (45 vs. 41%, p = 0.38). We found no differences in characteristics of indications of operative delivery, duration of particular stages of labor; time from dinoprostone administration to the beginning of 1st stage of labor, estimated blood loss. 1 and 5-minute Apgar scores were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Endocervical prostaglandin E2 gel administration seems to be a safe method of induction of labor in preterm pregnancy.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed2005

Phloroglucinol for acceleration of labour: double blind, randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of Phloroglucinol in acceleration of labour and its adverse effects on mother and foetus. METHODS: A double blind randomized, placebo controlled trial was conducted on 100 patients in active phase of uncomplicated labour selected by convenient sampling. Patients were given Phloroglucinol or Placebo (distilled water) intravenously. Progress of labour was plotted on Partogram. Any adverse effects of the drug on mother and fetus were noted. Student's t-test was applied for statistical analysis. RESULTS: In patients receiving Phloroglucinol there was a mean 34% reduction in duration of 1st stage of labour and a mean 23% reduction in 2nd stage as compared to Placebo group respectively. Blood loss >500ml was observed in 2% patients. Otherwise there were no adverse effects on mother or foetus. CONCLUSION: Phloroglucinol shortens the duration of labour, is non toxic to both mother and fetus and does not cause primary post partum haemorrhage.

Female↗
PubMed2006

Evaluation of the effect of castor oil on initiating labor in term pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of castor oil on initiating labor in term pregnant women. METHODS: We conducted this randomized control clinical trial on 47 pregnant women from August 2003 to March 2004 in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in labor initiation ratio in the castor oil group compared with the control group (54.2% compared with 4.3%, p<0.001). Also, the mean bishop score in the castor oil group increased from 2.50 +/- 1.29 to 6.79 +/- 3.20 (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The probability of labor initiation increases during the first 24 hours after using castor oil, however, further studies are recommended to improve its efficacy and safety.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[The value of the administration of prostaglandin E2 on the biodegradable support of the maturation of the cervix uteri and the induction of labor].

We report the results of a prospective randomized study concerning the effects of prostaglandin E2 on cervical ripening and/or induction of labour. Between August 1988 and April 1989, 100 women underwent induction of labour for medical reasons. These women were divided into 4 groups. In those with Bishop's score below 4, we compared the intracervical dinoprostone 0.5 mg gel (Gr 1, n = 24) with an intracervical administration of PGE2 1.5 mg on Surgicel Gr 2, n = 26). In women with Bishop's score between 4 and 6, we compared the intracervical dinoprostone 0.5 mg gel (Gr 3, n = 28) with administration of PGE2 2.25 mg on a Spongel introduced into the posterior vaginal fornix (Gr 4, n = 22). Induction was authorized only for women with Bishop's score above 6. If this was not the case, a second administration of PGE2 was allowed 12 hours later, depending on maternal and foetal tolerance. The 4 groups were similar in mothers' age, gestational age and parity. The results obtained showed a significant increase in Bishop's score 12 hours after cervical ripening, irrespective of the way PGE2 was administered: from 2.3 +/- 1.0 to 5.2 +/- 2.5 vs 2.2 +/- 1.2 to 5.0 +/- 2.6 for groups 1 and 2, and from 4.4 +/- 0.6 to 6.7 +/- 2.3 vs 4.2 +/- 0.4 to 6.8 +/- 2.4 for groups 3 and 4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1991

A comparative study of variables differentiating false labor from early labor.

False labor is a common and frustrating problem for women and health-care providers. The purpose of this study was to compare characteristics of true and false labor. A convenience sample of 65 women compared data for three groups who were observed for labor including: false labor, women who were dismissed and returned in true labor more than 48 hours later, impending labor, women who were dismissed but returned in true labor 48 hours or less later, and early labor, women who were admitted for true labor directly following an observation period. Psychosocial differences among the groups were measured by the Maternal Adjustment and Maternal Attitudes (MAMA) scale and a semistructured interview schedule. Chart reviews were conducted to measure physiologic differences and perinatal outcomes. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed using the SPSSX program. The following variables were statistically significant at P less than .05 for false labor: somatic scores on the MAMA scale, contraction frequency, cervical Bishop scores, gestational age, and Apgar scores. Increased frequency of abnormal labor patterns, intervention with amniotomy, and oxytocin augmentation were observed in false labor subjects. The negative emotional responses of women who were interviewed suggest a need for further investigation of interventions to promote both physical comfort and psychological support.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry as a labor admission test.

Doppler ultrasound of the umbilical artery flow velocity waveform was studied prospectively as an admission test at the labor ward. Recordings were made in 575 women in various stages of labor before, during, and after uterine contractions, and evaluated in relation to intrapartum and fetal outcome variables. No association was found between abnormal flow velocity waveforms and cord complications, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, or abnormal fetal heart rate tracing, nor was there any association with operative delivery for fetal distress or low Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes. Small for gestational age fetuses had significantly more abnormal flow velocity waveforms than appropriate for gestational age fetuses, and so had those with umbilical artery acidemia compared with those with normal pH. The results indicate that Doppler recording of the umbilical artery flow velocity waveform as an admission test at the labor ward is not a good predictor of fetal distress in an unselected population.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1990

[Preliminary study of immune function of erythrocytes in normal and high-risk pregnant and post-partum women].

The rosette rates of erythrocytes C3b receptor (C3bR) and immune complex (IC) in normal and high-risk pregnant women were measured. The results showed that the rate of C3bR in normal gravidae was significantly higher than that in patients with pregnancy induced hypertensive syndrome (P less than 0.05). The rosette rate of IC in cases of premature rupture of membranes was significantly higher than that in normal pregnant women (P less than 0.01). In this paper, the rosette rates of C3bR and IC in normal gravidae, puerperas, neonates and control adults were compared and discussed.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Raised maternal plasma alpha-fetoprotein and pregnancy outcome.

With the aim of evaluating the clinical value of raised maternal plasma alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in women with singleton fetuses without structural abnormalities, the outcome of pregnancy was evaluated in a group of 20 women with these characteristics. Only 6 women (30%) delivered fetuses with appropriate birthweight at term; there were 6 pregnancy losses (30%), and the remaining pregnancies ended in pre-term delivery and/or birth of a small for gestational age fetus. Ultrasound examination supplied additional information in 3 cases only. Amniocentesis did not seem to affect pregnancy outcome in this group of high-risk pregnancies. Serial AFP testing was useless for monitoring these pregnancies. It is concluded that raised maternal plasma AFP must be regarded as a marker of poor pregnancy outcome even after exclusion of neural tube defects.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Prostaglandins, inflammation, and preterm labor.

According to the current view, the fetal membranes and the amniotic fluid are central in transmission of signals resulting in labor and delivery. It has also become increasingly evident that although preterm and term labor share common pathways in activation of uterine contractions, the regulatory aspects are fundamentally different. The present article is a brief overview focusing on the participation of prostaglandins in human term and preterm labor. The involvement of bacteria in preterm labor is presented. In addition, it is proposed that inflammatory polymorphonuclear leukocytes promote preterm labor by activating prostaglandin production from human fetal membranes.

Arachidonic Acid↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in the strength of the beta-adrenoreceptor inhibiting mechanism on the eve of and during labor determined by the partusisten test].

Partusisten was examined for effects on uterine contractility in 28-36- or 38-42-week pregnant women and parturients. The agent was shown to result in inhibited uterine contractility in the pregnant and parturient females, the contractility was decreased before and particularly during labor, which was indicative of lower beta-adrenoreceptor inhibitory mechanism force.

Depression, Chemical↗
PubMed1979

[Inhibition of premature uterine contractions].

Various drugs used to stop premature uterine contractions are discussed in the paper. Particular attention is paid to beta-mimetic drugs. The results of ming Partusisten, one of beta-mimetic drugs, is presented on the material of 104 patients with threatening immature and premature labour. Partusisten was administered in the form of intravenous drip infusion or tablets. During treatment monitoring of the uterine contractility and of foetal heart rate took place. Inhibition of the uterine contraction activity was successful in 100 per cent of cases. In 60,9 per cent in the group of threatening immature labour and in 38,1 per cent in the group threatening premature labour, the delay of delivery was more then 28 days. The delay of delivery by 48 hours was 87 per cent and 84 per cent in both groups respectively. Tachycardia was one of the first side effects observed in 15,2 per cent of cases. There is also presented an example of pregnancy when delivery was delayed by 21 days in spite of premature outflow of amniotic fluid (at a high rupture of membrane). The authors are of the opinion that Partusisten is very effective and gives little side effects, preventing premature uterine contractions. Dosage should be individualized according to the case and labour advancement, and should be based on topographic evaluation of uterine contraction. Negative influence of the drug on foetuses was not observed.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗