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Results for “Integrated Advanced Information Management Systems”

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PubMedDate not supplied

Advances in computer-based pharmacy systems.

This paper summarizes recent advances in computer-based pharmacy information systems for both hospitalized and ambulatory patients. It discusses the clinical pharmacy applications of: pharmacokinetic modeling (which allows for the optimization of patient-specific dosage regimens); drug interaction and adverse drug therapy monitoring (to decrease therapeutic problems); intravenous additive and hyperalimentation programs (to aid in formulating complex solutions); drug usage review (to develop and utilize guidelines for appropriate prescribing); drug information services; and drug distribution systems. Administrative and management control systems are briefly described. Automated label preparation and identification of patient noncompliance with physician-directed therapy are also described. The advantages of a computerized integrated hospital information system are also discussed.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed2006

Potential impact of advanced clinical information technology on cancer care in 2015.

New clinical information technologies now sporadically available will soon be in routine clinical use, bringing many changes to all phases of the cancer care continuum. For example, new technologies such as: (1) The next generation Internet; (2) Real-time clinical decision support systems; (3) Off-line, population-based systems; (4) Large, integrated, individual patient-level phenotypic and genotypic databases with intelligent data mining capabilities; (5) Wireless, invasive and non-invasive physiologic monitoring devices; (6) Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems; and (7) Mathematical models of complex biological systems all have the potential to impact significantly the provision of cancer care throughout its continuum. While new information management and communication techniques and technologies will reduce many of the inefficiencies and inaccuracies of our present systems, there will be an equal, and potentially far more dangerous, set of unintended consequences. Informatics investigators, cancer specialists, and health system administrators must focus on the study of what is working and what is not, as well as, on development and testing of the new clinical information management and communication technologies, if we are to be ready for the future.

Cancer Care Facilities↗
PubMed2005

PATIKAweb: a Web interface for analyzing biological pathways through advanced querying and visualization.

Patikaweb provides a Web interface for retrieving and analyzing biological pathways in the Patika database, which contains data integrated from various prominent public pathway databases. It features a user-friendly interface, dynamic visualization and automated layout, advanced graph-theoretic queries for extracting biologically important phenomena, local persistence capability and exporting facilities to various pathway exchange formats.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed2004

OntologyTraverser: an R package for GO analysis.

UNLABELLED: Gene Ontology (GO) annotations have become a major tool for analysis of genome-scale experiments. We have created OntologyTraverser--an R package for GO analysis of gene lists. Our system is a major advance over previous work because (1) the system can be installed as an R package, (2) the system uses Java to instantiate the GO structure and the SJava system to integrate R and Java and (3) the system is also deployed as a publicly available web tool. AVAILABILITY: Our software is academically available through http://franklin.imgen.bcm.tmc.edu/OntologyTraverser/. Both the R package and the web tool are accessible. CONTACT: cashaw@bcm.tmc.edu

Algorithms↗
PubMed1989

Image management and communication systems: a new challenge in radiology.

The spectacular advances in diagnostic imaging technologies, such as CT, MRI, and NM, have improved the quality of radiological diagnosis. On the other hand, the vast amount of image data produced by these digital modalities have created unique problems in managing the information. The increased use of digital imaging systems has set the stage for the development of comprehensive medical image and information management systems for large medical facilities. These image management and communication systems (IMACS) vary, depending on imaging, display and output devices connected, network configurations used, and storage devices available. This paper will discuss the important technical aspects in developing an IMACS network, imaging devices ideally suited for connection to an IMACS, integration with computerized hospital and radiology information systems, performance issues, clinical acceptance and specific implementation experience.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1991

Network system: the integrated picture archiving and communication system with the hospital information system.

We describe the outline of Hokkaido University picture archiving and communication system (HU-PACS) and its network functions. HU-PACS processes 0.5 Gbytes of images daily through 10 acquisition devices. Functional integration of hospital information system (HIS) and PACS has been implemented. The HU-PACS can access common data base with HIS. Multi-image data-base systems provide fast throughput of image retrieval. The system is composed of 4 modules: (1) 2 image data-base systems (IDS), (2) 1 image management system (IMS), (3) image display terminals (IDT), and (4) 8 image acquisition nodes interfaced to 10 modalities and 1 film scanner. These 4 modules are connected by branch and loop type local area networks (LAN). HU-PACS has functions other than basic PACS functions. Images in optical disk library (ODL) are loaded onto magnetic disks (MD) in advance according to patient booking information, the images expected to be viewed are transferred to the local storage automatically, and the desired images can be pre-downloaded into local storage by instruction through HIS terminals.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2000

Point of care diagnostics and networks.

The new paradigm of POCT as integrated into the ICU will allow for an improved and more efficient critical care workplace and possibly improvements in outcome and costs. Technologic advances in POCT will focus on enhancements of current devices, connectivity, and data management and on the introduction of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. It is hoped that in the future the regulatory, laboratory, and L/HIS communities will recognize the need to accept, integrate, accommodate, and expand POCT, thereby promoting bedside diagnostics. For ongoing follow-up of the myriad of POCT projects, refer to the POCT websites listed in Table 1.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed2003

Advancing the state of data integration in healthcare.

There is growing consensus that clinical information systems will provide the bridge to advancing the integration of information systems in healthcare. In spite of developments in technology that have enabled some organizations to integrate clinical information with care delivery in ways that can promote safer, more efficient patient care, the majority of healthcare has yet to achieve this goal. Why aren't we there yet?

Diffusion of Innovation↗
PubMed1997

Preserving context in a multi-tasking clinical environment: a pilot implementation.

The Partners Clinical Application Suite (CAS) is a multi-tasking software architecture that facilitates the development, deployment, and use of advanced clinical information management applications. This paper describes 1) a software shell in which clinical applications run; 2) an application programming interface (API); and 3) development of a set of "Look & Feel" guidelines. Through its emphasis on support for multi-tasking and application interoperability, CAS facilitates preservation of the user's context.

Hospital Information Systems↗
PubMed2004

Computerized plastic surgery office.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Technology in general and computer capabilities in particular are growing at an exponential rate. Keeping current with the latest technological capacities and means of incorporating this technology into the facial plastic surgeon's office poses a significant challenge. This review will document the most appropriate method of incorporation and the latest available technological tools. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent developments in wireless networking, systems integration, digital photography and video, powerful inexpensive computer systems, and the growth of personal digital assistant integration have all contributed to a surge in technological advances. Implementing any or all can significantly benefit the busy facial plastic surgery office. SUMMARY: Keeping abreast of technological advances is a daunting task. Adaptation of these advances into the office can at times be overwhelming. This review will assist the practicing physician in incorporating selective technological tools to streamline his or her systems and increase efficiency.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗
PubMed2006

SPINS: a laboratory information management system for organizing and archiving intermediate and final results from NMR protein structure determinations.

Recent technological advances and experimental techniques have contributed to an increasing number and size of NMR datasets. In order to scale up productivity, laboratory information management systems for handling these extensive data need to be designed and implemented. The SPINS (Standardized ProteIn Nmr Storage) Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) addresses these needs by providing an interface for archival of complete protein NMR structure determinations, together with functionality for depositing these data to the public BioMagResBank (BMRB). The software tracks intermediate files during each step of an NMR structure-determination process, including: data collection, data processing, resonance assignments, resonance assignment validation, structure calculation, and structure validation. The underlying SPINS data dictionary allows for the integration of various third party NMR data processing and analysis software, enabling users to launch programs they are accustomed to using for each step of the structure determination process directly out of the SPINS user interface.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed2001

Merits of duplicate LAN cabling in hospitals.

Our hospital wired three LAN cables separately to improve the data distribution range. One LAN is between the various sections of the hospital (hospital LAN), another is within each section (section LAN), and the other is connected to the Internet (open LAN). The section LAN was connected to the hospital LAN to enable data exchange. Data from the section LAN for common use is collected through the hospital LAN and stored in the central server The duplicate cabling and separate LANs increased the independence of each LAN and the system within each section. The section systems can be changed at anytime without the necessity of reconstructing the whole hospital information system. The data transfer speed of each cable increased. Hospital information processing systems often use a distributed-processing centralized management system. Because of advances in technology, each section can now take responsibility for developing their own system, making the responsibility of the information processing section responsible for hospital information systems more limited than previously. Herein, we show the merits of separate cable installation.

Centralized Hospital Services↗
PubMed2005

GEMSS: grid-infrastructure for medical service provision.

OBJECTIVES: The European GEMSS Project is concerned with the creation of medical Grid service prototypes and their evaluation in a secure service-oriented infrastructure for distributed on demand/supercomputing. Key aspects of the GEMSS Grid middleware include negotiable QoS support for time-critical service provision, flexible support for business models, and security at all levels in order to ensure privacy of patient data as well as compliance to EU law. METHODS: The GEMSS Grid infrastructure is based on a service-oriented architecture and is being built on top of existing standard Grid and Web technologies. The GEMSS infrastructure offers a generic Grid service provision framework that hides the complexity of transforming existing applications into Grid services. For the development of client-side applications or portals, a pluggable component framework has been developed, providing developers with full control over business processes, service discovery, QoS negotiation, and workflow, while keeping their underlying implementation hidden from view. RESULTS: A first version of the GEMSS Grid infrastructure is operational and has been used for the set-up of a Grid test-bed deploying six medical Grid service prototypes including maxillo-facial surgery simulation, neuro-surgery support, radio-surgery planning, inhaled drug-delivery simulation, cardiovascular simulation and advanced image reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS: The GEMSS Grid infrastructure is based on standard Web Services technology with an anticipated future transition path towards the OGSA standard proposed by the Global Grid Forum. GEMSS demonstrates that the Grid can be used to provide medical practitioners and researchers with access to advanced simulation and image processing services for improved preoperative planning and near real-time surgical support.

Access to Information↗
PubMed2004

A river water quality management model for optimising regional wastewater treatment using a genetic algorithm.

To achieve water quality goals and wastewater treatment cost optimisation in a river basin, a water quality management model has been developed through the integration of a genetic algorithm (GA) and a mathematical water quality model. The developed model has been applied to the Youngsan River, where water quality has decreased due to heavy pollutant loads from Kwangju City and surrounding areas. Pollution source, land use, geographic features and measured water quality data of the river basin were incorporated into the Arc/View geographic information system database. With the database, the management model calculated treatment type and treatment cost for each wastewater treatment plant in the river basin. Until now, wastewater treatment policy for polluted rivers in Korea has been, first of all, to construct secondary treatment plants for untreated areas, and secondarily, to construct advanced treatment plants for the river sections whose water quality is impaired and for which the water quality goal of the Ministry of Environment is not met. Four scenarios that do not use the GA were proposed and they were compared with the results of the management model using the GA. It became clear that the results based on the GA were much better than those for the other four scenarios from the viewpoint of the achievement of water quality goals and cost optimisation.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2004

The Hong Kong Hospital Authority's information architecture.

Since 1994, the Hospital Authority has been developing and deploying clinical applications at its constituent 39 hospitals and clinics. The Clinical Management System (CMS) is now used by over 4000 doctors and 20000 other clinicians to document and review care. Since 1999, the territory-wide integrated Electronic Patient Record (ePR) has given clinicians a longitudinal view of the data collected through the CMS and its adjunct systems. The ePR currently has nearly 3TB of data covering 44 million episodes for 6.4 million patients. This paper describes the Hospital Authority's Information Architecture, which allows the ePR to accept and integrate any clinical information from any internal or external system. The ePR operates in a high volume and high performance environment, yet only requires low maintenance, while still retaining the information structure and semantics required for advanced applications.

Hong Kong↗
PubMed2005

Benefits planning for advanced clinical information systems implementation at Allina hospitals and clinics.

Allina Hospitals and Clinics is implementing an enterprise-wide information system with inpatient and ambulatory clinical documentation and orders, clinical decision support, and revenue cycle applications. Allina has adopted a rigorous approach to planning for and realizing the expected clinical and financial benefits from this investment. Allina's strategies include: Forming a benefits realization team with formal responsibility for analysis, education, facilitation, and measurement; Studying system design to consider requirements for benefits realization; Integrating cultural, organizational and process change plans with system implementation plans; Measuring benefits using a measurement framework that matches organizational reporting, enables multi-level sequential analysis and adjusts for bias in quantifying benefits; Assigning accountability for achieving benefits by matching every benefit with an individual and an operational group; system executives, hospital executives, and department managers are held accountable for benefits within their scope of responsibility, and expected financial benefits are part of their yearly budgets. This article describes Allina's approach for benefits planning, contrasting it with the typical provider's approach to benefits realization. It argues that this approach may greatly increase the likelihood of realizing the value of investments in integrated clinical and business IT

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The electronic medical record: a valuable partner.

Clinical technology within the U.S. healthcare system is among the most advanced in the world. Basic administrative capabilities are lagging, however. Lack of standardization affecting the ability to integrate diverse systems and the prohibitive costs associated with acquisition and implementation are two major obstacles to improving administrative capacities. This article describes the basics of electronic medical records (EMR) implementation failures and successes and the evolution of the electronic health record (EHR) as part of the future of healthcare IT and continuity of care.

Continuity of Patient Care↗
PubMed2005

A web-based incident reporting system and multidisciplinary collaborative projects for patient safety in a Japanese hospital.

PROBLEM: When patient safety programs were mandated for Japanese health care institutions, a safety culture, a tool for collecting incident reports, an organizational arrangement for multidisciplinary collaboration, and interventional methods for improvement had to be established. DESIGN: Observational study of effects of new patient safety programs. SETTING: Osaka University Hospital, a large government-run teaching hospital. STRATEGY FOR CHANGE: A voluntary and anonymous web-based incident reporting system was introduced. For the new organizational structure a clinical risk management committee, a department of clinical quality management, and area clinical risk managers were established with their respective roles clearly defined to advance the plan-do-study-act cycle and to integrate efforts. For preventive action, alert procedures, staff education, ward rounds by peers, a system oriented approach for reducing errors, and various feedback channels were introduced. EFFECTS OF CHANGE: Continuous incident reporting by all hospital staff has been observed since the introduction of the new system. Several error inducing situations have been improved: wrong choice of drug in computer prescribing, maladministration of drugs due to a look-alike appearance or confusion about the manipulation of a medical device, and poor after hours service of the blood transfusion unit. Staff participation in educational seminars has been dramatically improved. Ward rounds have detected problematic procedures which needed to be dealt with. LESSONS LEARNT: Patient safety programs based on a web-based incident reporting system, responsible persons, staff education, and a variety of feedback procedures can help promote a safety culture, multidisciplinary collaboration, and strong managerial leadership resulting in system oriented improvement.

Cooperative Behavior↗