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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Hemostasis using tissue glue in laparoscopy: discussion and review.

OBJECTIVES: To discuss the usefulness of tissue glue and TachoComb (TC), a new hemostyptic agent which combines the advantages of two reliable hemostyptic products-collagen fleece and fibrin glue in local hemostasis during laparoscopy. SETTING: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Endoscopic Training Centre, Hospital Kladno. DESIGN: Review. METHODS: Analysis of literary and clinical data. RESULTS: In recent years, collagen fibers, gelatin sponges, oxidized cellulose and fibrin glue has been developed, which are now widely used in postoperative hemostasis in laparoscopy. An efficient use of these preparations shortens the duration of intervention procedures and reduces patient strain. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical studies demonstrate that hemorrhage from damage tissue important pelvic structures can be successfully arrested and controlled using the laparoscope to apply tissue glue. At Czech study, sixteen patients have been effective treated with collagen-fibrin agent during laparoscopic operations. The elimination of hemorrhages after primary laparoscopic electrosurgery and the effectiveness of this drug have been successfully tested.

Aprotinin↗
PubMed2000

Evaluation of an automated hemostasis testing analyzer, the Trombolyzer Combi.

We evaluated the Trombolyzer Combi (Behnk Elektronik, Norderstedt, Germany), an automated hemostasis analyzer, in a clinical setting. Determination of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB) and antithrombin (AT) were performed using Organon Teknika reagents. Determination of PT, APTT and FIB on a KC4 (Amelung, Germany) using Dade reagent (Dade Behring, The Netherlands) and determination of AT on a Hitachi 912 using Chromogenix reagent (Nodia, The Netherlands) were used as reference methods. Within-run and total precision of the tests were determined by measuring pooled plasma samples at various levels in duplicate twice daily for twenty days. For all tests the within-run and total precision of the Trombolyzer Combi was comparable or superior to the reference methods. Methods comparison was performed with 100 patient samples for PT, APTT and FIB and with 50 patient samples for AT. The correlation coefficients between the Trombolyzer Combi values and the results from the reference methods were between 0.87 and 0.98. No effect of hemolysis on the determination of the studied parameters was detected. However, bilirubinemia above 260 micromol/L and triglycerides above 9 mmol/L resulted in erroneous test results. In conclusion, it is shown that the Trombolyzer Combi performs equivalently or better than the reference methods and can be used as a state-of-the-art hemostasis analyzer in a clinical laboratory.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed2000

[Relationship between parameters of hemostasis and manifestations of the metabolic syndrome in men with mild and moderate hypertension].

AIM: To study the relationship between major hemostasis parameters and hypertriglyceridemia with or without insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia in men suffering from mild or moderate arterial hypertension. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Major hemostasis parameters including fibrinogen level, coagulation factor VII activity and fibrinolytic activity were analysed in groups of men with moderate or mild AH who had normal or elevated triglycerides level regarding presence or absence of insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia. RESULTS: High factor VII activity was found in both groups with insulin resistance irrespective of their triglycerides level. Patients with insulin resistance combined with hypertriglyceridemia had low fibrinolytic activity. CONCLUSION: In men with metabolic syndrome components insulin resistance is accompanied with activation of coagulation external pathway, whereas combination of insulin resistance with hypertriglyceridemia was associated with hypofibrinolysis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Antithrombogenic activity of the vascular wall, hemostasis, and rheological characteristics of blood in patients with unstable angina pectoris and various types of hyperlipoproteinemia].

AIM: To examine antithrombogenic activity of the vascular wall, some hemostatic and rheological properties of blood in patients with unstable angina (UA) and various types of hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 102 UA patients were divided into groups by HLP types according to D. S. Frideriksen. Antithrombogenic properties of blood vessel wall were examined with the cuff test, blood rheology--with AKP-2 analyser, hemostasis and lipid metabolism--with standard test. RESULTS: UA patients with HLP have low antithrombogenic activity of vascular wall. The most noticeable shifts to hypercoagulation were found in patients with HLP types 2a and 2b. Blood rheology was abnormal (high red cell aggregation in low deformability) in patients with HLP types 2a, 2b and 4. CONCLUSION: Patients with UA demonstrate relationships between antithrombogenic activity of vascular wall, intensity of lipid metabolism, hemostasis and blood rheology.

Angina, Unstable↗
PubMed2001

Historical overview of the role of platelets in hemostasis and thrombosis.

Platelets were discovered by G. Bizzozero in 1882 and rediscovered in the 1960s after many decades of oblivion. Interestingly enough, their role was initially more clearly associated with thrombosis than with hemostasis. For many years a serious unresolved problem was that the clotting time was normal even in severe thrombocytopenia. The concept of coagulation as an enzymatic cascade had not yet been elaborated. During the 1960s, the interest of many experts moved from the interaction of platelets with the process of blood coagulation to the interaction of these cells with the vascular wall (adhesion) and each other (aggregation). The discovery of the role of ADP as the principle of platelet aggregation stimuli was rapidly followed by other important discoveries such as the aggregating properties of collagen and thrombin, the release reaction, the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and the inhibitory effect of aspirin. The use of aspirin as a potential antithrombotic drug has made the history of clinical trials in the last 30 years. The last two decades have been characterized by an explosion of cell and molecular biology approaches. There are presently people who study platelet signal transduction or platelet-leukocyte interactions but who know almost nothing about hemostasis or thrombosis! This is due not only to the intrinsic limitations of the biological approach but also to the progressive recognition of the role of platelets in other physiopathologic and clinical conditions such as inflammation, cancer growth and dissemination, and organ transplant rejection. Overlooked for more than two centuries after the microscope was made available to hematologists, considered as an artifact or a Cinderella, the platelet has mainly been considered in the past 30 years as a dangerous cell to be inhibited by (ever more expensive) drugs. But the taming of the shrew is far from being achieved.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed2001

Sex-related differences in hemostasis and thrombosis.

Disorders of thrombosis and hemostasis represent both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for the clinician, in part because of sex-based differences in incidence and presentation. The hemophilias are characterized by specific sex-linked patterns of inheritance, and there are sex differences in the presentation of the autosomally inherited disorders, particularly von Willebrand's disease. The diagnosis of these disorders can be affected by variations in either endogenous or exogenous estrogens, and the hemostatic stresses presented by menstruation and childbirth render any coagulopathy more severe in females than in males. Women are also at increased risk for developing thrombotic and embolic problems while on exogenous estrogens and during pregnancy. This article presents recommendations about the most appropriate and cost-effective ways to screen for the inherited disorders of both thrombosis and hemostasis in men and women. Recommendations are also developed for the treatment of women with these disorders, particularly in the context of pregnancy, contraception, uterine bleeding, and postmenopausal management.

Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of basic therapy of ischemic heart disease on vascular-platelet hemostasis during myocardial revascularization].

Effects of preoperative therapy of coronary diseases with calcium antagonists and aspirin on vascular platelet hemostasis during aortocoronary shunting (ACS) have been studied in order to evaluate the role of hemostasis disorders in the pathogenesis of perioperative hemorrhagic complications. Therapy of coronary disease with these drugs during preparation to ACS can involve changes in platelet functional activity, depending on the individual sensitivity of patients. Drug-induced thrombocytopathy can induce pathological hemorrhages in the perioperative period of ACS.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[New in vitro analysis tested: bleeding time is still the best method for evaluation of primary hemostasis].

The need is great for a simple, cheap and readily accessible method for the evaluation of primary hemostasis in work-ups at both out-patient clinics and units caring for surgical or intensive care patients. PFA-100 is a recently introduced instrument for in vitro testing of platelet function. We report experiences from Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmo of PFA-100 measurements performed on samples from healthy controls and from patients with von Willebrand disease or platelet disorders. It is shown that the PFA-100 system has a high sensitivity for von Willebrands disease, while the sensitivity for hereditary platelet dysfunction is low. In its present design this new device could not replace the template bleeding time as a screening test for primary hemostasis.

Bleeding Time↗
PubMed2002

Long-term analytical performance of hemostasis field methods as assessed by evaluation of the results of an external quality assessment program for antithrombin.

BACKGROUND: It is important for a laboratory to know the stability of performance of laboratory tests over time. The aim of this study was to adapt from the field of clinical chemistry a method to assess the long-term analytical performance of hemostasis field methods. METHODS: The linear regression model was used to compare the laboratory results with the consensus mean value of a survey. This model was applied to plasma antithrombin activity using the data for 82 laboratories, collected between 1996 and 1999 in the European Concerted Action on Thrombosis (ECAT) external quality assessment program. The long-term total, random, and systematic error were calculated. The variables introduced to define the long-term performance in this model were the long-term analytical CV (LCV(a)) and the analytical critical difference (ACD), which indicates the minimum difference necessary between two samples measured on a long-term time-scale to consider them statistically significantly different. RESULTS: The systematic error (bias) ranged from 4.5 to 103 units/L. The random error ranged from 24.4 to 242 units/L. For the majority of the laboratories, random error was the main component (>75%) of the total error. The LCV(a), after adjustment for the contribution of the bias, ranged from 2.8% to 48%. The ACD ranged from 78 to 1290 units/L with a median value of 190 units/L. No statistically significant differences were observed for either LCV(a) or ACD between the two different measurement principles for antithrombin activity based on the inhibition of either thrombin or factor Xa. CONCLUSIONS: This linear regression model is useful for assessing the total error, random error, and bias for hemostasis field methods. The LCV(a) and ACD for measurement on a long-term time-scale appear to be useful for assessing the long-term analytical performance.

Antithrombins↗
PubMed2002

Effect of hormone replacement therapy with femoston on hemostasis in peri- and postmenopausal women.

BACKGROUND: Postmenopausal women are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Exogenous estrogens may potentially lower the risk of cardiovascular disease through beneficial changes in lipoprotein profile and hemostasis. The effect on the vascular system of combined estrogen/progestagen hormone replacement therapy is less clear. MATERIAL/METHODS: A group of 44 peri- and postmenopausal women was studied during treatment with Femoston, a sequentially combined hormone replacement therapy consisting of 17-beta-estradiol and dydrogesterone. Comparative analyses were made between the estrogen-only phase and the combined phase of the hormone replacement therapy. Comparisons were also made against the different phases of the spontaneous menstruation cycle in 10 pre- and perimenopausal controls. RESULTS: Femoston had a neutral effect on blood coagulation factors and had no effect on plasma glucose concentrations. With Femoston, there was a positive change in the atherogenic index and the total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio. CONCLUSIONS: The findings from the present study provide evidence for the efficacy of Femoston hormone replacement therapy in terms of control of hemostasis and inducement of a potentially beneficial lipoprotein profile, which is important for reducing the risk of vascular pathology in peri- and postmenopausal women.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Role of platelets in hemostasis and thrombosis.

Platelets are central to both normal hemostasis and abnormal thrombotic states along with the vessel wall, coagulation elements, and blood flow. The platelets play a pivotal role in the reaction that occurs after vessel injury, during which platelets first adhere to the vessel wall, undergo a release reaction and then aggregate, probably as a result of the materials released from platelets. These processes can be studied by a series of in vitro tests which form the basis of our knowledge of platelets in hemostasis. While the hemostatic plug is usually microscopic in size, this same plug (platelet thrombus) may contribute to the pathogenesis of several arterial diseases such as transient ischemic attacks, sudden blindness, sudden cardiac death and acute respiratory death syndrome. Careful microscopic examinations have shown that platelet aggregates may be found in the microcirculation which could affect vital structures such as the conduction system of the heart. Both anatomic and therapeutic evidence evidence suggests that platelets play a role in venous thrombosis. Recent evidence suggests increased levels of materials known to be released from platelets in patients with both arterial and venous thrombi along with increased platelet coagulant activities in patients with venous thrombosis.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed2002

[Effect of fluvastain and its combination with aspirin and trental on hemostasis and microcirculation in atherosclerosis].

AIM: To assess effects of fluvastatin monotherapy and combined therapy with aspirin and trental on hemostasis and microcirculation in atherosclerosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Hemostasis and microcirculation were studied in 68 patients with coronary atherosclerosis and aortic atherosclerosis on fluvastatin monotherapy and on combined therapy fluvastatin + aspirin + trental. RESULTS: Hypolipidemic treatment with fluvastatin reduced thrombogenic blood potential due to enhancement of plasmic fibrinolytic activity [the time of XII-a dependent fibrinolysis decreased by 33% (p < 0.05)], decreased thrombinemia [blood level of soluble fibrin-monomeric complexes fell by 44% (p < 0.05)] and reduced stimulated platelet aggregation: by 18.2% in response to ADP (p < 0.05) and by 11% in response to adrenalin (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Correction of lipid metabolism and blood hypercoagulation improved microrheology. Combination of fluvastatin with aspirin made platelet aggregation reduction in response to both inductors faster and more stable, while combination of fluvastatin with trental contributed to better results in microcirculation improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[The dependence of lipid peroxidation and blood hemostasis from antioxidant activity of different tissues].

The experiments with rabbits show that animal maintenance on the antioxidant-free diet leads to the peroxidative lipid oxidation (PLO), hemostasis activation and to the superoxidedismutase (SOD) level reducing in a blood and tissues (of cerebrum, heart, kidney, stomach). The greatest SOD activity decreasing is observed in the cerebrum and heart tissues. Probably, these organs make the most considerable contribution in PLO and hemostasis course in the antioxidative reducing conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Hemorrhagic shock. A new concept of endoscopic hemostasis and prospects of the non-surgical treatment of ulcer and gastroduodenal hemorrhages complicated by hemorrhagic shock].

A new direction with the use of endoscopic hemostasis (EH) was offered in the complex program of metabolic rehabilitation of patients with ulcerous gastroduodenal bleedings (UGDB) and hemorrhagic shock (HS). There was a study of the results of treatment of 44 patients (29 men and 15 women at the age from 61 to 77) with severe concurrent diseases and UGDB complicated with HS. Recurrences of UGDB in case of HS are a factor of high operative-anesthetic risk. Endoscopic preventive metabolic hemostasis is a prospective direction in rehabilitation of patients with UGDB complicated with HS. It is necessary to improve the EH methods for treatment of continued arterial bleedings from giant gastroduodenal ulcers.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Microfibrillar collagen for hemostasis in laryngomicrosurgery of hypopharyngeal hemangioma.

Hypopharyngeal hemangiomas are uncommon neoplasms that can cause dysphagia, recurrent bleeding, and airway obstruction. These lesions are a therapeutic challenge, and surgical resection is the mainstay of therapy. The goal of therapy is directed at control of the tumor and relief of symptoms rather than total eradication of the lesion. Laser therapy is a very useful adjunct in the management of these vascular neoplasms. The neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser (Nd:YAG laser) functions at a wavelength that provides deep thermal coagulation. This allows its use for these vascular lesions. With laser surgery, hemorrhage is the most frequent and dangerous complication, and its control is extremely important. Ligation and suture remain the traditional methods of hemostasis in most surgical situations. However, on certain occasions problems arise, particularly with large oozing surfaces or when surgical access is poor. Topical hemostatic agents are widely used in a variety of surgical procedures to successfully solve such problems. Microfibrillar collagen (Avitene) is one of the absorbable, topical, hemostatic agents, and is used effectively to control bleeding in many surgical situations. Since we began to use microfibrillar collagen (AviteneTM, MedchemProduct, Inc., Woburn, MA01801) to stop the massive oozing of the laser-induced surgical wound, no episodes of bleeding had ever occurred. It is concluded that Avitene is an effective agent for maintaining hemostasis in many surgical procedures, and we consider it a good remedy for management of laser-induced bleeding complications.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Non-pharmacological correction of impaired platelet hemostasis in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome].

Low-calorie diet and individually adjusted physical exercise used in combination in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome correct shifts in blood lipid spectrum, relieve peroxidation syndrome, normalize impaired platelet hemostasis, suppress enhanced adhesive and aggregation functions of platelets in vitro and their intravascular activity. The improvement reached maximum after 24 weeks of treatment but control values were not achieved. Therefore, for effective correction of metabolic processes and platelet hemostasis in hypertensive patients with disorder of glucose tolerance, non-pharmacological measures should be supplemented with pharmacological ones.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1992

[Method of intraoperative hemostasis in parenchymatous hemorrhage].

The authors have developed a new method for intraoperative hemostasis in parenchymatous hemorrhage. Hemostasis is achieved by means of electrophoresis of fibrinogen and some other factors of blood coagulation into the organ parenchyma. Approbation of the method on dogs has demonstrated its atraumaticity and safety.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of phytoadaptogens on biorhythms of indicators of the hemostasis system in dogs].

Circadian rhythms in dog hemostasis were studied in winter. The animals were fed with eleutherococcus and liquorice extracts with bread in different time of the day. Hemostatic investigations revealed chronosensitivity of hemostasis to the phytoadaptogens which is important for assessment of their chronopharmacological properties and prospects of their use.

Adaptation, Physiological↗