[Body weight related treadmill ergometry vs. treadmill classification test for evaluation of intermittent claudication].
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Angioplasty, Balloon↗
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[Comparative characteristics of stress tests--bicycle ergometry test and psycho-emotional test--in patients with ischemic heart disease].
AIM: To compare efficacy bicycle exercise (BE) and psychoemotional tests (PET) in provoking myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia in patients with acute and chronic forms of ischemic heart disease (IHD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: BE and PET (mathematical count test) were performed in 108 IHD patients. 30 patients had stable effort angina (FC II-III), 48 patients had progressing effort angina and 30 patients were at the subacute stage of myocardial infarction. RESULTS: PET was less efficient in detection of myocardial ischemia but is more adequate in detecting episodes of painless ischemia and ventricular rhythm disorders compared to BE. The greatest differences in efficiency of the tests occurred in patients with acute forms of IHD. CONCLUSION: Application of different stress tests in IHD patients raises efficacy of detecting episodes of painful, painless myocardial ischemia and rhythm disorders, specifies mechanisms of coronary failure development.
Blood Pressure↗
The accuracy of the ACSM cycle ergometry equation.
The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of the American College of Sports Medicine's equation for estimating the oxygen cost of exercise performed on a cycle ergometer. Sixty healthy males, ages 19-39 yr old, performed a five stage (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 W) submaximal cycle ergometer test while their oxygen uptake was measured. Results indicated the standard error of estimate for the predicted oxygen values ranged from 0.11 to 0.22 l.min-1, with correlations between the actual and predicted values ranging from r = 0.22 to r = 0.50. Total errors ranged from 0.23 to 0.31 l.min-1. The actual oxygen cost was underestimated from 0.16 to 0.29 l.min-1 (P less than 0.05) by the equation at each workload. A revised equation was developed based upon the actual VO2-power relationship. The resulting slope was lower and the intercept higher when compared with the current ACSM equation. The slope and intercept of the revised equation are more consistent with values published in the literature. This equation appears as: VO2 (ml.min-1) = kgm.min-1 x 1.9 ml.min-1) + ((3.5 ml.kg-1.min-1 x kg body weight) + 260 ml.min-1). Predicted values from the revised equation were more accurate as reflected by slightly higher correlations, lower total errors, and lower mean differences from actual VO2 measurements than those from the current equation.
Adult↗
[Effect of crankshaft position on the results of supine bicycle ergometry testing. Hemodynamics in coronary heart disease patients with normal and impaired left ventricular function].
In 50 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), 44 of them with a recent history of myocardial infarction, 2 tests on the bicycle-ergometer in the supine position, one with the crankshaft on the level of the examination cot and one with an elevation of the pedal axle by 30 cm were carried out within 30-minute intervals after initiating a flow directed right heart catheterization. In chronological sequence of the recruitment the patients began the ergometric tests alternately with a low or an elevated crank. The applied exercise loads of 50 and 75 watts lasted 3 minutes each. The results show clinically relevant differences between the 2 positions of the pedal axle, being in many cases statistically significant (p less than or equal to 0.01). The pressure of the pulmonary artery (PAP) was elevated at rest and under exercise load when the pedal axle was elevated. The changes of the pressure of the pulmonary artery through the exercise load are greater in patients with an impaired left ventricular function at rest with both pedal axle positions than in patients with a normal left ventricular function. We observed under increasing exercise load a diverging more pronounced elevation of PAP-curves only as a trend in the group of patients with an impaired left ventricular function. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure were on average likewise higher with the elevated crank then with the low one, however the mean variations were considerable. The oxygen saturation of the blood was somewhat less at rest and during exercise load when the pedal axle was elevated compared to the findings with the low pedal axle. The decrease of the oxygen saturation under exercise load was most pronounced in patients having already at rest an impaired left ventricular function. However, with both positions of the pedal axle the behaviour was identical.
Adult↗
[Correlation of a change in the amplitude of the R wave during ergometry with the finding of significant stenosis of the coronary artery].
The authors evaluated retrospectively 224 patients with ischaemic heart disease. These patients were subjected to an ergometric loading test on a bicycle ergometer followed by angiography of the coronary arteries. With regard to the site of the increased amplitude of R waves during the loading test the patients were divided into seven groups which were sub-divided further according to the coronarographic finding. The authors investigated the assumption that patients with pathological changes of R waves above the anterior wall suffer from afflictions of the ramus interventricularis anterior, patients with changes above the lateral wall of the ramus circuflexus and patients with increased R waves above the inferior wall of the right coronary artery. From the work ensues that no localization of increased amplitudes of R waves during the loading test has a statistically significant correlation with the coronarographic finding.
Coronary Angiography↗
[Diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis using echocardiography with bicycle ergometry exercise].
AIM: To determine sensitivity and specificity of stress echocardiography (SEC) in diagnosis of stenosing atherosclerosis of coronary arteries (CA), especially in patients recovered from Q-myocardial infarction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The above sensitivity and specificity were studied in 75 patients (70 males and 5 females; mean age 53.7 +/- 7 years) with coronary atherosclerosis (CS). RESULTS: The sensitivity of impaired local contractility index (ILCI) in univessel lesion was 77.8%, in multivessel lesion--90.4%, specificity--85.7%. Sensitivity of other parameters studied was for development of an anginal episode 65.4%, increment of ejection fraction under 5%--63.9%, increased end systolic volume--61.1%, depression of ST segment--48.1%, increased end diastolic volume 38.9%. A total of 3 parameters had 100% sensitivity: impossible a > 5% rise of EF in response to exercise, an increase of end systolic and diastolic volumes, anginal attack (85.7%), ST depression (78.6%). CONCLUSION: Hemodynamic parameters must be assessed in the course of SECG for objectivization of the result and improvement of its specificity.
Coronary Artery Disease↗
[Long-term orthostatic and bicycle ergometry exercise tests in differential diagnosis of syncopal conditions of unclear origin].
AIM: To study efficiency of bicycle exercise test and long-term orthostatic test in differential diagnosis of syncopes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 113 patients suffering from recurrent syncopes of unclear origin. Twelve healthy volunteers were selected for assessment of the tests specificity. All the patients and controls were examined by means of long-term orthostatic test (LTOT) and bicycle exercise test (BET). RESULTS: Specificity of both tests was 100%. In LTOT syncopes were observed in 52 (46%) cases, including vasovagal syncopes (51 patients), epileptic seizure (1 patient). BET induced vasovagal syncopes in 54 (48%) patients. The results of both tests by inducing syncopes coincided in 30 (26%) cases. In 24 (21%) patients syncopes occurred only in BET while LTOT appeared uninformative. In 21 (18.6%) cases syncopes occurred only in LTOT while BET produced a negative result. 38 (34%) patients had syncopes neither in LTOT nor BET. Both tests induced syncopes in 75 (66%) patients. No complications were observed. CONCLUSION: LTOT and BET are safe and complementary methods in differential diagnosis of syncopes.
Adolescent↗
[Effects of isosorbide-5-mononitrate on clinical condition, bicycle ergometry results, endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with ischemic heart disease with stable effort angina].
AIM: Assessment of efficacy of treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients suffering from stable effort angina of functional class II-III with the drug isosorbide-5-mononitrate Mono Mac 50 depo (MM 50 D). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical indices, exercise tolerance, endothelial function (the study of brachial artery in reactive hyperemia and sublingual intake of nitroglycerin) were studied in 30 patients with stable angina FC II-III before the treatment, 1 and 3 months after the treatment. RESULTS: MM 50D significantly widens diameter of the brachial artery (by 11.6%), lowers nitroglycerin-dependent vasodilation (from 16% to 10.4% in a month and to 10.2% in 3 months) and blood flow speed in reactive hyperemia. An absolute increment of the brachial artery diameter in reactive hyperemia test remained unchanged. The ratio flow-dependent vasodilation/nitroglycerin-dependent vasodilation increased in the course of therapy from 0.67 to 0.91. The drug produced clinical improvement (anginal attacks rate diminished by 70 and 85%, respectively) and increased exercise tolerance (the threshold performance rose by 28%, total load time--by 30%). CONCLUSION: It is important to use complex assessment of hemodynamic component of endothelial function in the treatment with nitrates.
Adult↗
[Treadmill ergometry with submaximal load in children and adolescents with mucoviscidosis (CF)].
Patients suffering from mucoviscidosis can improve their quality of life and can cope with greater physical load if they undergo intensive treatment. This can be objectively confirmed by measuring the lung function, by performing a blood gas analysis and by means of a self-rating mood scale. Load tests can be performed additionally, e.g. by a treadmill ergometer. Only two of 22 patients attained a level of 1 w/kg, in 21 patients the pulse rate increased partly long before the end of the test to more than 130 beats per minute. The rate at which the test was discontinued, was attained by all the patients. There was a significant volume increase after load. Blood gas pCO2 dropped significantly afterload, whereas pO2 did not change.
Adolescent↗
[Provocative tests in transient myocardial ischemia: ergometry].
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Coronary Disease↗
[Is coronary cineangiography more accurate than early bicycle ergometry test in the identification of high-risk acute myocardial infarction survivors?].
PURPOSE: To determine if attenuated early treadmill stress testing is more or less accurate than cinecoronary arteriography in the identification of high-risk acute myocardial infarction (AMI) survivors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective study 96 non-selected and consecutive AMI survivors underwent cinecoronary arteriography in the 4th week of hospitalization and were followed up for a period of 3 to 39 (21.7 +/- 11.0) months. One-half of the patients were randomly submitted to an attenuated heart rate-limited treadmill stress testing in the 3rd week. Seven patients were lost in the follow-up. Of the remaining 89 patients 5 died of cardiac causes. Cardiac events (death, reinfarction, angina and heart failure) occurred in 26 patients. Multivessel coronary artery disease was found in 67 patients (75%) and mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 49.1 +/- 15.6%. Positive treadmill stress testing for myocardial ischemia occurred in 20 of 43 patients (46%). RESULTS: All patients who died of cardiac causes or who had a cardiac event had multivessel coronary artery disease, the mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 38.6 +/- 16.6% and 45.2 +/- 16.4%, respectively, and two-thirds of patients had positive stress testing. For cardiac death, multivessel coronary artery disease had better sensitivity than positive stress testing and left ventricular ejection fraction less than 0.3 (100% vs 67% vs 20%, respectively) while ejection fraction had better specificity than stress testing and multivessel coronary artery disease (87% vs 55% vs 21%, respectively). Stress testing had a better positive predictive value than multivessel coronary artery disease and ejection fraction (53% vs 38% vs 36%, respectively while multivessel coronary artery disease had better negative predictive value than stress testing and ejection fraction (100% vs 77% vs and 70%, respectively). The association of data obtained from cinecoronarography study between themselves and with positive treadmill stress testing did not significantly improve the sensitivities, specificities and predictive values in relation to the results obtained by isolated data. CONCLUSION: In survivors of acute myocardial infarction cinecoronary arteriography is not more accurate than, treadmill stress testing and both have limited value in the identification of patients who are candidates for cardiac death or events in the first few years after AMI. A negative stress testing and coronary arteriography (one-vessel disease) is more informative than a positive one.
Chi-Square Distribution↗
[Clinical trial of an ergometry bicycle with automatic blood pressure registration].
Automatic blood-pressure registration on a computerized ergometer cycle was compared with simultaneous manually registered blood-pressure employing a standard mercury sphygmomanometer during performance of maximal ergometer exercise testing on 50 consecutive patients. The difference in blood-pressure registered by the automatic and the manual methods, respectively, was, on an average +0.2 mmHg with a 95% confidence interval of +/- 20 mmHg. By means of linear regression analysis, a correlation coefficient of 0.97 (p less than 0.001) with an uncertainty of approximately 6% with automatic blood-pressure registration was found. Simultaneously, the uncertainty was independent of the degree of work performed. The apparatus was found to be of practical clinical use.
Adult↗
[Bicycle ergometry exercise tests: a comparison between 3 protocols with an increasing load].
A group of 26 male long-distance runners performed 3 cycle ergometer tests of progressively increasing intensity up to exhaustion. The tests were performed on 3 different days. The workload increased as follows: 30 Watts every 3 min (test I), 10 Watts every min (test II), and 30 Watts every min (test III). Ventilatory and gas exchange measurements were averaged every 30 sec during each test. The heart rate (HR) was monitored continuously by ECG. In each test the anaerobic threshold (AT) was determined using ventilatory and gas exchange indices (VE, VCO2, VE/VO2). The work load on exhaustion and power at AT were the same comparing test I with test II, but these values were significantly higher in the 30 Watts/1 minute test. Conversely, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and the VO2 observed at anaerobic threshold were comparable in the 3 protocols. The slopes of VO2, VCO2, VE and HR against the work load (Watts) were identical in test I and II, but were slower in test III. However, no differences in the ventilatory and heart rate patterns versus oxygen uptake were observed comparing the three exercise tests. These results suggest a good comparability between the 30 Watts/3 min test and the 10 Watt/1 min protocol. Furthermore, for workloads below AT, a steady state was attained at the 3rd minute of each phase during test I, while oxygen uptake and other cardio-respiratory variables were underestimated during the protocol in which phases of 30 Watts were maintained only for 1 minute.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
[Bayesian analysis of ergometry test].
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Bayes Theorem↗
[The significance of changes in the R and Q waves on the ECG during bicycle ergometry in the diagnosis of stable stenocardia].
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Adult↗
[Blood pressure during ergometry while lying down].
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Blood Pressure↗
[Transcutaneous blood gas measurements in ergometry].
Blood gases were determined simultaneously both transcutaneously and arterially in 23 healthy male subjects during spiroergometric, exhaustion-limited stress. The individual correlation coefficient between arterially and transcutaneously measured pO2/pCO2 was 0.66 and 0.80, respectively. The median correlation coefficient between the individual correlation coefficients of the pO2 and pCO2 measurements was 0.85 (p less than 0.01). Hence, the validity of transcutaneous blood gas measurement under stress is significantly dependent on individual factors that influence both the pO2 and pCO2 measurements to an equal degree.
Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous↗
[Increase of plasma levels of beta-endorphin during maximum bicycle ergometry effort in sedentary and trained subjects].
Plasmatic levels of beta-endorphin during maximal graded bicycle stress test were measured by RIA on extracted plasma in 10 well-trained (A group) and in 8 untrained subjects (C group). Blood samples were obtained at rest, at peak work load and at the third, 10th and 90th min of recovery. For every stress test the following were evaluated: exercise time, maximum work load, total work load, maximum double product and mean K (an index of velocity of heart rate recovery during the first three minutes after the exercise). Both groups A and C showed a significant rise in beta-endorphin activity at the third minute of recovery; the increase was significantly greater in trained rather than in sedentary subjects (p less than 0.01). Beta-endorphin release was closely related to mean K; no relationship was found between exercise time, maximum work load, total work load, maximum double product and beta-endorphin rise. Our data shows that a release of beta-endorphin occurs during the initial phase of recovery after a maximal stress test; beta-endorphin rise is greater in trained subjects and correlates with the speed of heart rate recovery, but has no relationship with the duration and the grade of the effort. Whether beta-endorphin increase plays a role in the rapid decrease of adrenergic tone which occurs after exercise or represents a secondary phenomenon remains to be determined.
Adult↗