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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[The role of CEA, CA 19-9 and TPA in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Evaluation by discriminant analysis].

In order to assess the relative value of CA 19-9, Tissue Polypeptide Antigen (TPA) and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), evaluated alone and in combination, in diagnosing pancreatic malignancy, serum CA 19-9, TPA and CEA were determined in 25 control subjects (CS), 26 pancreatic cancer (PC), 23 chronic pancreatitis (CP) and 21 benign extra-pancreatic diseases (EPD). The three markers were able to allocate the subjects correctly in 56.8% of the cases (CS 100%, PC 73.1%, CP 17.4%, EPD 28.6%). Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy in detecting pancreatic cancer were respectively: 77%, 91% and 68% for CA 19-9; 92%, 75% and 67% for TPA; 50%, 84% and 34% for CEA; 73%, 91% and 64% for the three parameters evaluated simultaneously. CA 19-9 and TPA appear to be useful indices of pancreatic cancer with a satisfactory specificity when related to chronic pancreatitis; their diagnostic value seems to be comparable and better than that of CEA; the combination of these markers does not improve the results obtained by CA 19-9 or TPA alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Nifedipine reduces pressor responsiveness to angiotensin II in pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE: We assessed the action of nifedipine on vascular reactivity to angiotensin II (AII) in pregnant women at risk for hypertension. METHODS: We studied eleven pregnant women (28-32 weeks' gestation) who had shown a 20 mmHg increase in basal diastolic blood pressure at AII infusion rates < 10 ng/kg/min (Effective pressor dose, EPD), and were therefore considered at high risk for the subsequent development of pregnancy-induced hypertension, according to Gant. After the AII infusion was completed, we allowed the patients 4 hours of rest to avoid interactions with the first test, then administered 10 mg nifedipine, and after 30 minutes repeated the test. RESULTS: In all the 11 women the EPD after nifedipine administration had significantly reverted to normal (paired t-test: p < 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of nifedipine in reducing the pressor response to AII suggests the involvement of intracellular free calcium in the vascular response to pressor agents in pregnancy, and supports the use of this drug in the treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Triple extramammary Paget's disease.

BACKGROUND: Triple extramammary Paget's disease (TEPD) has been considered to be rare in the English literature, and its incidence and characteristics are unclear. There are many therapeutic options for treating extramammary Paget's disease (EPD). OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to investigate how many TEPD cases have been reported previously and to describe their characteristics. We also describe the effectiveness of radiotherapy for them. METHODS: We report two TEPD cases, and summarize previously reported TEPD cases together with our cases. RESULTS: Twenty-three TEPD cases have been reported previously. Of these, 19 cases have been in Japan. All but one patient with TEPD were male. Their axillary lesions often showed no eruptions or very slight erythema. Radiotherapy for our cases was effective although the effectiveness of radiotherapy is controversial. CONCLUSION: In genital Paget's disease bilateral axillae should be examined histologically, even if they show no or slight eruptions. Radiotherapy may be useful for EPD, particularly axillary Paget's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Puerperal depression. Related factors].

OBJECTIVE: To find the prevalence of postnatal depression in puerperal women in the city of Albacete and to analyse its association with social and demographic factors, morbidity and social and affective support. DESIGN: An observational crossover study with a home interview. SETTING: Community. PATIENTS: 304 women who gave birth at Albacete General Hospital between May and November 1995. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The presence of possible depression between the sixth and eighth weeks after giving birth was measured with a self-administered test, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), on which scores of 13 or more are considered to signal depression. 15.8% (C.I. 11.8%-19.8%) of the women surveyed suffered a probable depressive disorder according to the EPDS. A significant association was found between puerperal depression and history of depression before pregnancy (p = 0.00001), during pregnancy (p = 0.00005) and immediately after delivery (p = 0.00001). Puerperal depression was also associated with stated chronic illness (p = 0.0003), scant help with domestic tasks (p = 0.003) and low family affective support (p = 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS: Between 11.8% and 19.8% of women between the sixth and eighth week of the puerperal period display a probable depression, which is linked to depression immediately after delivery. This disorder needs to be detected during the puerperal visit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Defining the orientation of the human U1A RBD1 on its UTR by tethered-EDTA(Fe) cleavage.

The N-terminal RNA binding domain of the human U1A protein (RBD1) specifically binds an RNA hairpin of U1 snRNA as well as two internal loops in the 3' UTR of its own mRNA. Here, a single cysteine has been introduced into Loop 1 of RBD1, which is subsequently used to attach (EDTA-2-aminoethyl) 2-pyridyl disulfide-Fe3+ (EPD-Fe). This EDTA-Fe derivative is used to generate hydroxyl radicals to cleave the proximal RNA sugar-phosphate backbone in the RNA-RBD complexes. RBD1(K20C)-EPD-Fe cleaves the 5' strand of the RNA hairpin stem, centered four base pairs away from the base of the loop, and cleaves the UTR in two places, again centered on the 5' side of the fourth base pair from each internal loop. These data, extrapolated to the position of Lys 20 in RBD1, orient the two proteins bound to the UTR, and provide direct biochemical evidence for the proposed model of the RBD1:UTR complex.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Incidence and demographic correlates of eating disorder symptoms in a pregnant population.

OBJECTIVE: To obtain a picture of eating disorder symptoms in a population of pregnant women. METHOD: Five hundred thirty women attending antenatal follow-up clinics at a large London district general hospital during a 4-week period were surveyed. The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and a demographic questionnaire were administered. Unadjusted relative risks and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated for a series of prognostic factors. RESULTS: 4.9% of women scored above the recommended threshold on the EAT in pregnancy. Eating disorder symptomatology was found to be associated with younger age, previous symptomatology, lower educational attainment, poorer housing, employment status, and previous miscarriage. DISCUSSION: The meaning and potential implications of high levels of eating disorder symptomatology in a pregnant population are discussed in the light of the physiological and psychological effects of eating disorders on both pregnancy outcome and infant development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Distribution and size of thalamic neurons projecting to layer I of the auditory cortical fields of the cat compared to those projecting to layer IV.

The distribution of thalamocortical neurons projecting to layer I of the cat auditory cortical fields was examined by the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) method. After HRP injection into layer I of the primary auditory cortex (AI), HRP-labeled neuronal cell bodies were distributed mainly in the medial, dorsal, and ventrolateral divisions of the medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) and suprageniculate nucleus (Sg), and additionally in the lateral and medial divisions of the posterior group of the thalamus (Pol and Pom), lateroposterior thalamic nucleus (Lp), and nucleus of the brachium of the inferior colliculus (BIN). After HRP injection into layer I of the second auditory cortex (AII), labeled neurons were seen mainly in the medial, dorsal, and ventrolateral divisions of the MGN and Sg and additionally in the Pom, Lp, and BIN. After HRP injection into layer I of the anterior auditory field (AAF), labeled neurons were located mainly in the medial and dorsal divisions of the MGN, Sg, Pol, and BIN, and additionally in the ventrolateral divisions of the MGN, Pom, and Lp. After HRP injection into layer I of the dorsal part of the posterior ectosylvian gyrus (Epd), labeled neurons were observed chiefly in the medial and dorsal divisions of the MGN, Sg, and Lp and additionally in the ventrolateral division of the MGN, Pom, and BIN. After HRP injection into layer I of the ventral part of the posterior ectosylvian gyrus (Epv), labeled neurons were distributed chiefly in the medial and dorsal divisions of the MGN and Pol and additionally in the ventrolateral division of the MGN, Sg, and BIN. Thus no labeled neurons were found in the ventral division of the MGN after HRP injection into layer I of all auditory cortical fields examined in the present study. The average soma diameters of neurons that were labeled after HRP injection into layer I were statistically smaller than those of neurons that were labeled after HRP injection into layer IV.

Animals↗
PubMed2007

Prevalence and correlates of depression in late pregnancy among Nigerian women.

The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of depressive disorder in late pregnancy in a group of Nigerian women and to examine the associated factors. One hundred and eighty women in late pregnancy completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic and obstetrical details. They also completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). A proportion of them were then assessed for the DSM-IV diagnosis of depressive disorder. Fifteen (8.3%) women met the current (2 weeks) DSM-IV diagnosis of depressive disorder. The factors independently associated with depression included being single [odds ratio (OR)=16.67, 95% confidence interval (CI)=3.17-87.76], divorced/separated (OR=11.11, 95% CI=1.55-19.65), polygamous (OR=3.92, 95% CI=0.94-16.33), and having a previous history of stillbirth (OR=8.00, 95% CI=1.70-37.57) and perceived lack of social support (OR=6.08, 95% CI=1.42-26.04). Depression is common in late pregnancy among Nigerian women, with the significant correlates including mainly social and family factors. Such factors should be considered when planning health care services or formulating a predictive model. Interventions aimed at reducing the occurrence of antenatal depression need further research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Effects of applied voltages on hydroxyapatite coating of titanium by electrophoretic deposition.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings were deposited on titanium substrates by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) at constant voltage and dynamic voltage, respectively. Various surface morphologies were observed under different type of voltages. Under a constant voltage of 20 V, a dense HA coating could be prepared. Under a constant voltage of 200 V, big HA particles were deposited and the coating was porous. Under a dynamic voltage, a continuous gradient HA coating could be obtained. HA coatings were characterized with a field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and an X-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD indicated no significant HA decomposition when the coatings were sintered for 2 h at 800 degrees C.

Coated Materials, Biocompatible↗
PubMed2005

Postpartum depression and related psychosocial variables in Hong Kong Chinese women: findings from a prospective study.

Research on predictors of postpartum depression (PPD) in Hong Kong (HK) Chinese women is scant. A prospective study with 385 HK Chinese postpartum women was conducted to identify correlations between PPD and demographic variables, and antenatal depression and psychosocial variables, and to determine which of these variables were predictors of PPD. Using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), we classified 19.8% of participants as postnatally depressed. Fifty-six percent of the variance in PPD was explained by social support and stress factors. However, social support factors accounted for only a small percentage of that variance. The major predictors were antenatal depression, postnatal perceived stress, and childcare stress. HK women may benefit from a culturally appropriate intervention focused on reducing stress in the postpartum period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Directed cleavage of RNA with protein-tethered EDTA-Fe.

There are several methods for locating the RNA site where a protein binds. One of the less common methods is directed cleavage of the RNA by an EDTA-Fe reagent tethered to the protein. The reaction of the EDTA-Fe(III) with ascorbate or hydrogen peroxide produces reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl radicals, localized within a 10-A radius of the iron center. The reactive oxygen species will attack the ribose or deoxyribose of nucleic acids as well as proximal polypeptide backbones. One EDTA-Fe reagent, (EDTA-2-aminoethyl)-2-pyridyl disulfide complexed to iron (EPD-Fe), has been tethered to several proteins through a disulfide linkage to engineered cysteine thiols and used to cleave DNA, proteins, and RNA. A second tethered EDTA-Fe reagent, 1-(p-bromoacetamidobenzyl)-EDTA-Fe, or BABE, has also been used to cleave RNA. Here we describe the issues involved in using these reagents with any RNA binding protein.

Chelating Agents↗
PubMed2006

Postnatal depressive symptoms go largely untreated: a probability study in urban New Zealand.

BACKGROUND: Prior studies providing estimates of the prevalence of postnatal depressive symptoms (PNDS) in New Zealand have been hampered by methodological shortcomings. Aims of this study were to derive an accurate estimate of PNDS prevalence and treatment frequency in an urban population of a major city in New Zealand. METHOD: This was a one-wave postal survey of a probability, community sample of all women in Auckland who were 4 months postpartum. PNDS was assessed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). RESULTS: There were 225 usable responses (78% response-rate): 36 women (16.0%) scored above the threshold for depressive symptomatology, and nine of them were in treatment. A further 31 women (13.8%) scored just below the threshold region for depressive symptomatology, and none were in treatment. CONCLUSION: The prevalence rate of PNDS in urban New Zealand is slightly higher than the world-wide average, and goes largely untreated in the community. Health care providers should remain vigilant to the finding that almost one in three mothers with infants is suffering with symptoms of depression and may need strong encouragement to admit they need help.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Postnatal depression and social supports in Vietnamese, Arabic and Anglo-Celtic mothers.

The significance of a western woman's social supports to postnatal depression is well documented. We examine which deficits in components of their social support network are associated with postnatal depression in women from a non-English-speaking background. The social support network and postnatal mood of 105 Anglo-Celtic, 113 Vietnamese and 98 Arabic women were assessed at 6 weeks postpartum. The role of social supports in determining scores on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was analysed using multiple regressions. For Anglo-Celtic women, low postnatal mood was associated with perceived need for more emotional support from partners and mothers. For Vietnamese women, low postnatal mood was associated with poor quality of relationship with the partner and a perceived need for more practical help from him. For Arabic women, low postnatal mood was associated with perceived need for more emotional support from partners. We conclude that cultural factors mediate the relation between social supports and postnatal depression more likely to become clinically depressed (Lovestone and Kumar 1993) and infants may have adverse cognitive, behavioural and emotional outcomes, which can be linked to the postnatal depression (Murray and Cooper 1996).

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Group interpersonal psychotherapy for postnatal depression: a pilot study.

We conducted a pilot study to assess the potential effectiveness of group interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT-G) as a treatment for postnatal depression (PND). The study was also established to test a treatment manual for IPT-G, assess the acceptability of this format for participants and test a recruitment strategy for a randomised controlled trial. 18 mothers diagnosed with PND participated in 2 individual session and 8 sessions of group IPT. A two-hour psychoeducational session was also held for the partners of the participants. Measures of depressive symptomatology and social adjustment were administered by an independent clinician at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 3 months post treatment. Patient satisfaction with the treatment was also evaluated. Severity scores on the BDI, EPDS and the HDRS decreased from pre- to post-treatment. This was maintained at three months follow up. No overall improvement in the Social Adjustment Scale-Self Report was noted, although there was improvement in their relationship with their significant other. The results confirm previous work that IPT-G may improve symptom severity for women suffering from postnatal depression. Limitations included the use of antidepressant therapy by 67% of subjects and the lack of a control group. There is a need for further randomised controlled trials of IPT-G with larger sample sizes to establish its effectiveness as treatment for PND.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Maternal depressive symptoms in the postnatal period are associated with long-term impairment of mother-child bonding.

BACKGROUND: Postnatal Depression has demonstrated long-term consequences on child cognitive and emotional development, however, the link between maternal and child pathology has not been clearly identified. OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether maternal bonding to the infant and young child is impaired by maternal depressive symptoms. METHODS: 101 mothers of newborn infants were recruited from local obstetric units and examined for psychopathology using Symptom Checklist, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire at two weeks, six weeks, four months and fourteen months postpartum. RESULTS: Maternal depressive symptoms at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and four months postnatally but not at fourteen months of infant's age were found to be strongly associated with lower quality of maternal bonding to the infant and child from two weeks until fourteen months of postnatal age. Even mild and unrecognized maternal depressive symptoms had a significant impact on maternal bonding, if they occurred during the first four months of life. CONCLUSIONS: This gives reason for increased concern for mother-infant dyads in the first few months after birth that could be regarded as a highly sensitive period for the development of the mother-child relationship. The findings warrant further studies and inspire the development of preventive programs focussing on infant and early childhood mental health by emphasizing protection and support during the first critical months.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Mother-infant bonding disorders in patients with postnatal depression: The Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire in clinical practice.

Mother-infant bonding disorders include a distressing lack of maternal feeling, irritability, hostility and aggressive impulses, pathological ideas and outright rejection. They are quite common in mothers referred for psychiatric help and are present in 29% of mothers diagnosed with postnatal depression (Brockington et al, 2001). In cases of postpartum depression The Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) is best used together with The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) to evaluate the treatment process for both variables: depression and difficulties of the mother to relate to her child (Klier and Muzik, 2004). Two cases vignettes from clinical practice are presented to illustrate this procedure. The use of the PBQ allows the clinician to screen for mother-infant relationship disorders and to assess the severity of the disorder. In the case of high scores on the PBQ it is crucial to attend to the relationship problems and assess if they are still present beyond the recovery from depression.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Impact of postpartum depressive symptoms on mother and her 18-month-old infant.

BACKGROUND: Postpartum depression (PPD) is known to have important negative effects on mother, infant and mother-child relationship. METHODS: We present a case-control study of 35 mothers and their 18-month-old infants. These mothers suffered from postpartum depressive symptoms (PDS) when the infants were three months old, as rated with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS, Cox 1987). A control group of 35 mothers without postpartum depressive symptoms (NPDS) with their 18-month-old infants was also evaluated. The infants were assessed using the Infant Behavior Record of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, the Strange Situation and an object concept task. RESULTS: 15 months later, the PDS mothers were less affectionate and more anxious than the NPDS mothers. The PDS dyads demonstrated less verbal interaction and less playing interaction. 18-month-old infants of PDS mothers performed less well on object concept tasks, and were more often insecurely attached to their mothers. Only some results were linked to the mothers' depressive state (D-mothers) diagnosed at 18 months (e. g. responsiveness to persons). CONCLUSIONS: The important negative effects observed at 18 months on mother and infant of maternal PDS at 3 months confirm the need for early identification and therapeutic or preventive interventions.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Beta-endorphin receptors on cultured and freshly isolated lymphocytes from normal subjects.

[125I]-[D-Ala2]-beta EP*) binding to Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) transformed B lymphocytes or to freshly isolated lymphocytes was characterized. The binding was time-, temperature- and pH-dependent; furthermore, it was reversible and cell concentration dependent. Maximum binding appeared at 15C in Tris buffer (pH 7.6) containing both BSA 0.5% and Bacitracin 0.1 mg/ml. beta EP inhibited BEP* binding to transformed lymphocytes and to freshly isolated lymphocytes by 50% at approximately 4 x 10(-8) M and 8 x 10(-9) M, respectively. Peptides representing amino-acid sequences 1-5, 1-16 and 1-17 of beta EP did not inhibit beta EP binding, neither did the opiates compounds Naloxone, Morphine, Bremazocine and Ethylketocyclazocine. On the contrary, beta EPd (6-31) inhibited beta EP* binding as effectively as beta EP, thus indicating that beta EP* binding to lymphocytes does not involve the N-terminal region of beta EP. 2 x 10(7)/ml freshly isolated lymphocytes bound 1.53 +/- 75%, whereas 2 x 10(6)/ml transformed lymphocytes bound 1.64 +/- 0.75% (mean +/- SD) beta EP* at tracer concentration. EBV transformed lymphocytes and freshly isolated lymphocytes may be useful to study beta EP receptors in humans.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗