Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Divorced”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Family, marriage and divorce in a Hausa community: a sociological model.

"The aim of this article is to show how a 'traditional' society may produce a household system in which the structural tensions are no less intense than in the Western world. Muslim Hausa society (in northern Nigeria) has one of the highest rates of divorce (and remarriage) in the world. An explanation is sought here in terms of the economic and organisational requirements of a subsistence farming system that is always potentially short of labour. Divorce is a solution to otherwise unacceptable pressures, particularly on young women, in a society that requires them to be subordinate and marginal within the extended family. The data presented here were collected between 1979 and 1989 in the Niger valley of Sokoto State in northern Nigeria." (SUMMARY IN FRE)

Africa↗
PubMed1993

[Causes of divorce].

Results are presented from a 1991 survey on causes of divorce in Poland. "From the women's point of view, alcohol abuse by husband, infidelity, a lack of interest in family life and lack of responsibility were the most frequent causes of the divorces. For men, the most important causes were...a lack of understanding between spouses, infidelity and the influence of other people (mainly parents)." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Developed Countries↗
PubMed2003

Dealing with cryopreserved embryos upon divorce: a contractual approach aimed at preserving party expectations.

The development of assisted reproductive technologies, including cryopreservation, or freezing, of embryos created through in vitro fertilization, has given rise to complex legal questions. Because cryopreservation permits indefinite storage of embryos, if couples fail to specify disposition directions, they may disagree regarding embryo treatment upon the occurrence of contingencies such as divorce. Few courts have resolved such disputes, and those that have appear to uphold the rights of the party seeking to prevent implantation in the absence of a written agreement specifying otherwise. In this Comment, Sara Petersen proposes that courts should draw upon contract law principles in determining whether the parties to such conflicts actually reached agreements regarding embryo disposition in the event of divorce. After analyzing existing precedent, the author assesses proposed approaches for deciding which party's interests should prevail and concludes that these methods are inherently ineffective. She then argues that, in an effort to preserve party expectations and to provide fair results, courts instead should examine whether the parties executed binding contracts or achieved mutual assent. Furthermore, she suggests that couples undergoing cryopreservation will be more likely to contemplate and to provide for various outcomes if they know that courts will look at evidence of their conversations and thought processes prior to cryopreserving their excess embryos.

Contracts↗
PubMed2004

[Psychological repercussions of parental divorce on child].

The parental divorce is an experience with traumatic risk for child. The child's adaptation depends on many factors : his age, his personality and his parent's one, his life context. Those aspects are developed. As the parental separation moves forward, the symptoms that appear in the child are essentially linked to anxiety and feeling of loss. None of these is specific to the parental separation and are, most of the time, temporary. Divorce has to be considered as a factor of vulnerability rather than one precise etiology. The conflicts' persistence between parents seems to be the factor the most important in the worst influence for child's adaptation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Women and mid-life divorce: some practice issues.

Women who divorce during middle age face age-specific stresses, including loss of long-held social position, the possibility of overdependence on young adult children, a shrinking remarriage pool, socially denigrated body changes, and unfair labor market conditions. In assisting these women, social workers need to focus initially on grief and mourning. However, the overall treatment should emphasize changing maladaptive behavior and adverse environmental conditions. Relevant approaches include structured educational group treatment, task assignment, cognitive restructuring of maladaptive self-beliefs, reframing of the divorce experience as a challenge to growth, family treatment involving inperson contact with young adult children, and advocacy to end age discrimination in the hiring and wages of middle-aged women.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The problem of divorce in adolescence].

In the available literature concerning divorce the situation of affected adolescents rarely is considered. In contrast to younger siblings who exhibit their distress in numerous ways, adolescents seem to be affected to a much lesser extent. Reexaminations over longer periods of time by Wallerstein and Kelly (1980) show however, that adolescents do have medium or long term impairments in their development: school and career problems, lack of emotional attachment and interpersonal relations are well above average. Own results are reported from the work with adolescents who experienced the separation and divorce of their parents, and compared with ideas of adolescents about partnership and marriage who are rather idealized and show a high level of morality. Experiences with a group of adolescents (thematic work) are outlined and compared with experiences from the literature.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

[Treatment of divorce families--considerations from the viewpoint of object relations theory and contextual therapy].

A child's relationship to both parents in divorcing families is discussed on the background of attachment research. Empirical data emphasize the effects of quality of attachment to both parents on child development, which arises out of the absence or the provision of a secure base. As a consequence the child develops internal working models of attachment figures and self, which is increasingly individually organized during the preschool years and shows considerable continuity throughout early and middle childhood. Adverse effects on attachment and its internal representations are expected to the degree to which through divorce the provision of a secure base is impaired. In psychological practice, parents have to be helped not only in balancing their adult conflicts but in providing a secure base for their children, without missusing them as alies or exposing them to pathological form of parentificaiton. All those are important issues of contextual therapy, which usefullness is especially discussed with respect to its key concept "multidirected partiality".

Child↗
PubMed1989

[The attitude of children of divorce to child custody, court hearings and visiting rights--a survey in Zurich].

In a study conducted in Zurich, 1877 apprentices were asked to fill out one of two questionnaires on child custody, court hearings and visiting rights. The results reported in the present paper are based on the responses of the 338 youths (18%) whose parents were divorced. Of the youths included, 46.4% said the child's wishes should be the main criterion in custody decisions; 25.7% were in favor of joint custody and 39.1% opposed to it. The majority of the apprentices thought the child should be heard in court (lowest age recommended: 11 +/- 3.18 years). How often the subjects visited the parent who did not have custody depended on their age at the time of the divorce and whether their parents had remarried.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

What are the economic consequences of divorce?

Our analysis suggests that Weitzman's finding concerning the precipitous decline in the economic status of women following divorce is likely to be incorrect. Her findings not only imply improbably large changes in income but are also inconsistent with the information she reports on changes in income and in income per capita. Corrected estimates suggest a decline in economic status of about one-third, rather than the widely cited 73 percent figure. It remains the case that the economic status of men and women diverge substantially in the years after divorce. That difference, however, is not nearly as dramatic as suggested by Weitzman's findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Grief in widowhood and divorce.

This article describes the development of scales to assess grief and anger in widowhood and divorce. Widows have significantly higher grief scores than do divorcees, but the two groups do not differ in the degree of anger they report. Grief and anger scores are higher for widows and divorcees with social and psychological vulnerabilities and demographic characteristics that have been hypothesized as making them at greater risk for difficulties in adjustment. The data are from age, race, and census tract of residence-matched samples of widows and divorcees interviewed approximately 3 months after the death of or filing for divorce from their spouses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Relation of marital separation and divorce to suicide: a report.

This paper examines the relation of marital separation and divorce to suicide. The persons studied are applicants to the Benjamin Rush Center, the crisis clinic division of the Didi Hirsch Community Mental Health Center/Los Angeles Psychiatric Service. The sample consists of 238 subjects, of whom 39, or 16.4% were suicidal, and 23 had made one or more suicide attempts at some prior date. Those seriously discussing separation, but not actually separated, tended to be less frequently suicidal than the long-term separated/divorced (.05 less than p less than .10). The study further examined the relationship of important events and interspouse transactions to suicide potential. Significant associations were found in the relationship of suicide potential to verbal attack by spouse (p = .03), vacillation in the last two weeks (p = .02), and vacillation since the first serious discussion of divorce (p = .02). Several other associations approached statistical significance. The authors believe that the findings in regard to vacillation and interspouse aggression are especially interesting and merit further study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[The Freiburg Group Intervention Program for children of separated and divorced families].

Group sessions for children from separated and divorced families are currently experiencing a boom with those responsible for private and public youth relief organizations. The aim of these sessions is to normalize separation and divorce for children, to encourage solidarity amongst them and to teach them strategies to cope with their situation early on. The authors present a group intervention program which consists of 17 group meetings, 2 evenings with parents and a prediagnostic session. Based on American curricula, it has been specially developed for educational counseling centers. Experiences regarding indication, implementation, choice of material and work with parents are presented and discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

[Psychological expert assessment as an intervention in child custody conflicts during divorce].

How to deal appropriately with families affected by divorce has also been discussed among psychological experts for years. In this article the psychological expert opinion in a divorce is described as a possibility of intervention in a current separation conflict. Based upon a process oriented and systemic point of view the corresponding main principles and approaches are described which are essential for the task of forming an expert opinion in such a conflict.

Child↗
PubMed1994

History and current status of divorce in the United States.

This article explores the remarkable shift in marriage and divorce practices that has occurred in the last third of this century in the United States. Initially, information is presented on trends in divorce and remarriage; commonalities and differences between family patterns in the United States and in other industrialized nations are discussed. The author then identifies some of the factors that have transformed marriage practices in the United States and describes how changes in these practices have altered the family experiences of children. Finally, the author suggests trends in family patterns that might occur in the near future and discusses various policy initiatives and how they may influence the future of the family.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1994

[The child of divorce as collusive partner substitute].

For children the parental divorce creates a risk for their psychological development. When referred to the child psychiatrist because of their conduct disorder these children are often compared by their custodial parents with the absent parent. As a clinically useful concept the concept of collusive partner substitute can explain the underlying intrapsychic as well as the interpersonal defense mechanisms. With reference to a case report the author demonstrates how a collusive dyadic relationship of the parents which ends because of divorce may continue with the help of the child in the role of a collusive partner substitute.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Children in divorce: intervention in the phase of separation.

Divorce of their parents can create difficulties for the development of young children. The ability of children to integrate the various losses involved in the breaking up of a family is impeded by limitations of their cognitive understanding of events taking place during the separation phase. Because their thinking process is as yet immature, children often feel responsible for the divorce, and they otherwise distort the meaning of the events about them. The pediatrician can often guide and encourage parents to facilitate their children's understanding and acceptance of the changes in their lives.

Anxiety, Separation↗
PubMed1996

[The Linz model: separation--divorce--new beginning].

The Linz-Project is a secondary-preventive and therapeutic model for coping with divorce. It contains a children's group (for children with age 8-12) and parallelly a parent group. The authors describe context, theoretical and practical fundamentals, aims, methods, basic structure and process of this specific group model. Their article outlines similarities and differences to other group models for coping with divorce and resumes the experiences with the Linz-Project.

Child↗
PubMed1997

Parental divorce and developmental progression: an inquiry into their relationship.

The authors argue that the patterning of conscious and unconscious needs, wishes, and expectations that parents and children bring to each other is often profoundly altered under the impact of divorce and the parents' subsequent adult relationships. These changes, which are inherent in the divorce experience, have the power to modify significantly or derail the young child's developmental course. Clinical observations from an ongoing longitudinal research project show striking changes in the child's image of his parents, as portrayed here in the vivid play and fantasy of a psychologically sturdy child, concurrent with psychological changes in both parents and in their parenting. A follow-up, twelve years later, is reported. The authors suggest that the stable parenting of this child's first three years represented an internalised template of good relationships, which enabled him, despite the father's subsequent abandonment, the mother's grave acting out and the stepfather's rejection, to turn away from his disappointment in his parents, to wrest what was available from school, friends and others, and to propel himself forward at each point to the next developmental stage, moving increasingly away from his family towards independence and competence. The consistency of the child's inner life and integrity is contrasted with the depression of his parents and the instability of their parenting.

Adult↗