Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “DERMATOLOGY”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary care for women. Comprehensive dermatologic assessment.

This article identifies the components necessary for comprehensive dermatologic assessment, including the pertinent anatomy and physiology, appropriate health history, and physical examination strategies. An overview of common dermatologic conditions in women is presented, and the identification of and action needed for life-threatening dermatologic conditions are reviewed. This article is the first of two articles on primary care for women with dermatological complaints; the subsequent article will address primary care management of common dermatologic conditions.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Obsessive-compulsive disorder in a dermatology outpatient clinic.

OBJECTIVE: The aims of present study were to (a) to determine the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in dermatological patients, (b) to determine the possible relationship between dermatological lesions and OCD and (c) to determine the clinical and phenomenological features of the OCD subgroup. METHOD: The sample consisted of 166 out of 250 consecutively presenting dermatological patients who agreed to participate in the study. The subjects were assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Turkish Version (SCID-I) and also completed the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). RESULTS: Of the whole sample, 41 (24.7%) met DSM-IV criteria for OCD. Only 14.6% of them had previously been diagnosed as OCD. The mean score of Y-BOCS in the OCD group was 17.05 +/- 9.75. The most common obsessions were contamination (61%) and pathologic doubt (53.7%), while washing (61%) and checking (51.2%) were the most frequent compulsions. Those suffering from diseases of sebaceous glands were the only group that showed a significant difference between the OCD and non-OCD group. CONCLUSION: There is a high prevalence of OCD in dermatological patients, although the nature of the relationship between OCD and dermatology has not previously been ascertained. Genetic-based studies and future researches focused on individual anxiety, and sensitivity may provide information that better explains this relationship.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1999

An assessment of anxiety and dermatology life quality in patients with atopic dermatitis.

Anxiety is a prevalent psychological factor associated with atopic dermatitis (AD). AD patients generally suffer from a high anxiety level, and psychological treatment documents a positive effect on the anxiety level, as well as the course and management of the disease. The Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) has been suggested as a relevant clinical measure in AD. This study investigated the relationship between the severity of AD, dermatological life quality and anxiety. Thirty-two adults suffering from AD were examined using the Severity Scoring of AD Index (SCORAD), the DLQI and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Index (STAI). Twenty-two healthy controls were examined using the DLQI and STAI. Results showed that the AD group had higher anxiety and lower dermatological life quality than the control group. In the AD group a significant positive correlation was found between SCORAD and DLQI and between DLQI and STAI. However, no correlation was found between SCORAD and STAI. The results suggest that: (i) both severity of eczema and anxiety are important for dermatological life quality; (ii) psychological inferences should not be made from the severity of eczema, but from the psychological measures, and vice versa; and (iii) both dermatological and psychological assessment is important in AD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

An evaluation of educational requirements for community nurses treating dermatological patients.

In a questionnaire to community nurses treating dermatological patients, 14 out of 69 (20%) either treated children or gave advice to parents regarding childhood eczema, 35 (51%) treated adult eczema, 11 (16%) treated psoriasis, 55 (80%) treated leg ulcers, and 30 (43%) treated other dermatological problems. Specific questions regarding confidence to treat or educate were analysed in relation to the tasks being performed. All but 15% (8/55) treating leg ulcers were confident about their ability to apply four-layer bandaging. However, 8 out of 11 (72%) respondents treating psoriasis were not confident about their ability to treat scalp scaling, 11 out of 14 (79%) of those treating childhood eczema were not confident about applying body suiting, and 26 out of 36 (72%) of those treating eczema (any age), were not confident about ability to recognize infection as a cause or complication of dermatoses. The favoured educational modalities were visits to the local dermatology department (60/69, 87%), availability of a dermatology Nurse Practitioner or Liaison Nurse, or access to a hospital nurse-run dermatology clinic (both 44/69, 63%), or attendance at courses (36/69, 52%). Community nurses have an important role in treating and educating patients who may not require or be able to attend hospitals for treatment; they will achieve this best by provision of relevant locally based education, with allocation of adequate study time.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The use of antidepressant drugs in dermatology.

This paper provides an updated review of the use of antidepressant drugs in dermatology. Some of the psychiatric disorders that are usually comorbid with dermatological disorders and respond to antidepressants include major depressive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, social phobia and post-traumatic stress disorder usually secondary to trauma and abuse during early life. Cutaneous symptoms may be the feature of a primary psychiatric disorder, e.g. cutaneous body image problems, dermatitis artefacta, neurotic excoriations and trichotillomania, or psychiatric syndromes may be comorbid with a primary dermatological disorder such as the association of major depressive disorder or social phobia with psoriasis and obsessive compulsive disorder with acne excoriee. Some of the salient pharmacological properties of the tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants are reviewed. The review indicates that the SSRI antidepressants are potentially beneficial in the management of all the major psychiatric syndromes that are encountered in dermatological disorders. The generally more favourable side-effect profile of the SSRIs, such as lower cardiotoxicity in contrast to the TCAs, has made them the first-line agents for the treatment of depression. Furthermore, some of the pharmacological properties of the antidepressant agents that are not related to their antidepressant activity, such as the histamine H1 blocking effect of TCAs, such as doxepin, amitriptyline and trimipramine, are of benefit in dermatological conditions such as urticaria and pruritus. This paper reviews the general guidelines for use of antidepressants and salient drug-drug interactions resulting mainly from the inhibition of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6 and 3A3/4 isoenzymes by some of the SSRI antidepressants. Before prescribing an antidepressant agent, the specific guidelines, side-effect profile, drug-drug interactions and most current indications should always be obtained.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dermatological findings in capacitor manufacturing workers exposed to dielectric fluids containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).

Significant occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) may occur in the manufacturing of capacitors and transformers, in which PCBs are used as electrical insulators. Reports of adverse health effects resulting from PCB exposure have come primarily from an incident resulting from the accidental ingestion of contaminated rice oil in Japan in 1968 ("yusho"). Dermatological findings were prominent features and included pigmentation disturbances and chloracne. To evaluate the dermatological effects of long-term occupational exposure to PCBs, a cross-sectional clinical survey was conducted of 326 capacitor manufacturing workers. A high prevalence (37%) of dermatological abnormalities was found, but typical PCB-associated signs, such as chloracne, were less frequent than among patients with "yusho," despite high concentrations of plasma PCB. As association between dermatological signs and plasma levels of higher homologues of PCBs was suggested, but contaminants which have been reported to be present in commercial PCB mixtures (polychlorinated dibenzofurans) should be considered an etiologic factor or co-factor in the development of "PCB-associated" dermatological findings.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

An analysis of nursing activity in a day care and inpatient dermatology service.

The nursing context within which dermatological treatments are provided has received limited investigation. This activity analysis survey examined how nursing time is organized (n=17 nurses) within in- and out-patient day care services in a hospital teaching dermatology department, using a newly developed standardized tool over a 24-week period. The setting was a day care and inpatient facility in a UK dermatology department. Patients (n=108) referred to these services for day care or inpatient care over 24 weeks, excluding emergencies, were recruited consecutively; 76% (n=82) were seen during this time. Most patients (>95%) were referred for clearance of an acute episode of a chronic skin condition and specifically education. The total mean time in contact with the nursing service (mean hours/case) was 43.1 for inpatient and 6.6 for day care. Time in day care was mainly spent (mean hours/case) on direct care (living activities and dermatological treatments) (4.3), followed by teaching (2) and support (1.6). The pattern of inpatient care was similar. A profile has been derived that is indicative of how dermatology nurses spend their time in day and inpatient care. There may be scope for day care nursing to make more effective use of education opportunities to support patient self-management.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1995

The Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI): initial validation and practical use.

Skin disease can cause severe disability and handicap in children. Measurement of the impact of skin disease on the quality of life is required to aid clinical decision-making, for clinical research, for audit of paediatric dermatology services, and for political reasons, to aid arguments for more resources for the care of children with skin disease. Adult measures are inappropriate, as the lives of children differ markedly from those of adults. The purpose of this study was to create and initially validate a simple practical questionnaire for use in children. One hundred and sixty-nine children, aged 3-16 years, attending a paediatric dermatology clinic, wrote down, with the help of their parents, all the ways in which their skin disease affected their lives. One hundred and eleven different aspects were identified; 10 questions were composed to cover these aspects, using a structure similar to the Adult Dermatology Life Quality Index. This draft questionnaire was piloted on two series, totalling 40 children, and minor alterations were made to improve clarity. The Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) questionnaire (maximum score 30) was then given to a further 233 dermatology paediatric out-patients (CDLQI mean = 5.1, SD = 4.9), 47 normal controls (mean 0.4, 0.7) and 55 control patients attending a general paediatric clinic (mean 0.7, 2.5). The CDLQI scores for eczema (mean = 7.7, 5.6, n = 47), psoriasis (5.4, 5.0, n = 25) and acne (5.7, 4.4, n = 40), were all highly significantly greater than for moles and naevi (2.3, 2.9, n = 29). The highest mean score was that for scabies (mean = 9.5, 10.5, n = 6).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Specialist dermatology clinics for organ transplant recipients significantly improve compliance with photoprotection and levels of skin cancer awareness.

BACKGROUND: Organ transplant recipients (OTRs) have 100-fold increased risk of developing squamous cell carcinomas. Cumulative exposure to ultraviolet radiation is the main risk factor and there is evidence that lack of dermatological surveillance may be responsible for poor levels of knowledge and photoprotection among OTRs. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated whether routine consultation in a specialist OTR dermatology clinic improves understanding of skin cancer risk and compliance with photoprotection measures. METHODS: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was performed in a specialist OTR dermatology clinic at Bart's and the London NHS Trust, London, U.K. The subjects were 399 white-skinned patients under surveillance in a renal transplant clinic, who were sent a postal questionnaire from the renal transplant clinic. The main outcome measures were responses to the questionnaire regarding photoprotective practices and skin cancer risk awareness. RESULTS: Two hundred and ninety-two of 399 (73%) responded, of whom 89% had previously attended the specialist dermatology clinic. Ninety-six per cent recalled receiving photoprotection advice at least once (85% from dermatologists); 92% reported use of sunscreen; 88% specifically dressed to photoprotect themselves; 96% directly avoided sun exposure during summer; 68% were aware that an increased risk of skin cancer was the reason that extra photoprotective measures were important after a transplant. Photoprotective measures and level of skin cancer awareness were significantly lower in those responders who had never attended the specialist clinic. No obvious bias was identified among nonresponders. CONCLUSIONS: Skin cancer awareness and compliance with photoprotective measures in our patient population is generally greater than previously reported, suggesting that delivery of educational messages regarding skin cancer may be improved if provided in a specialist dermatological setting.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed2006

An audit of the impact of a consultation with a paediatric dermatology team on quality of life in infants with atopic eczema and their families: further validation of the Infants' Dermatitis Quality of Life Index and Dermatitis Family Impact score.

BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis (AD) accounts for 10-20% of referrals to secondary care dermatology, often requiring multiple visits and occupying much valuable time and resources. OBJECTIVES: We audited the usefulness (ease of use, reliability and sensitivity to change) of two simple and easy to use quality of life (QoL) measures, the Infants' Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (IDQOL) and Dermatitis Family Impact (DFI), for assessing the impact on QoL of AD in infants and their families in a routine clinical setting. We also examined the impact of an initial consultation with a dermatology team on AD severity and QoL impairment from the parent's perspective. METHODS: The parents of 203 infants (mean age 19.8 months) with AD attending paediatric dermatology clinics completed the DFI and IDQOL. The parents of 50 of these infants completed both questionnaires before first and second consultations. RESULTS: In the 203 children the mean of both the IDQOL and DFI scores was 8.47 (median 8 and 7 and SD 5.8 and 6.5, respectively). The IDQOL and DFI correlated well (r(s) = 0.776, P < 0.0001). The parent's assessment of the global severity of AD correlated well with the IDQOL score (r(s) = 0.636, P < 0.0001) but less well with the DFI (r(s) = 0.394, P < 0.001). The highest-scoring IDQOL items were itching and scratching, problems at bathtime and time taken to fall asleep. The highest-scoring DFI items were tiredness/exhaustion, sleep loss and emotional distress. In both measures these domains also correlated most strongly with eczema severity. After dermatology consultation the median global severity score, rated by 50 parents, fell from 2 (SD 0.83) to 1 (SD 0.8; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.5-1), the median IDQOL score fell from 8 (SD 5.92) to 5.5 (SD 5.92; 95% CI 2-5.5) and the median DFI score fell from 9 (SD 6.45) to 3 (SD 6.56; 95% CI 2-5.5). In 50 infants the median IDQOL scores for those infants with global AD severity scores of 1, 2 and 3 were 5 (SD 5.65), 8 (SD 4.27) and 14 (SD 5.67), respectively and improved by 10%, 38% and 64%, respectively while the median DFI scores improved by 54%, 56% and 79%, respectively. The most improved IDQOL items were the time taken to get to sleep and difficulty at mealtimes and the most improved DFI domains were tiredness/exhaustion and emotional distress in the parents. CONCLUSIONS: We have provided further important information on the effects of AD on infants and their families using the IDQOL and DFI QoL measures. We demonstrate the usefulness of these measures in routine clinical management of AD and show the beneficial effect for both infants and parents of the initial consultation by a dermatology team in a secondary care setting.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1995

Benefits and risks of intralesional corticosteroid injection in the treatment of dermatological diseases.

Intralesional corticosteroid (CS) injections have been used to treat a variety of dermatological and non-dermatological diseases with variable results. The purpose of the injection is to attain a high concentration of the drug at the diseased site, with minimal systemic absorption. Several CS preparations are available for intralesional injection, although triamcinolone derivatives have gained the widest usage in dermatology. The dose and the interval between injections depend on the type, size and severity of the lesion as well as the response to the previous injections. The most critical issue in the efficacy and also in the development of complications of the injections, is the method of injection. Several local and systemic side-effects have been reported following intralesional injections, but most of them are rare or acceptable. Thus intralesional CS injection is an integral part of the clinical practice of dermatology. Since their introduction in 1951, intralesional CS injections have become an integral part of clinical practice in dermatology. They are used alone or in combination with other therapeutic modalities in the treatment of many skin diseases. The purpose of the injection is to attain a high local concentration of the CS at the diseased site, without significant systemic absorption, thus avoiding the numerous side-effects associated with systemic administration. Intralesional CS injection may be a valuable therapeutic modality in situations where topical CS are not suitable for use, either because of low potency and inefficient epidermal barrier penetration or in clinical conditions associated with epidermal atrophy.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed2005

Economic evaluation of a general practitioner with special interests led dermatology service in primary care.

OBJECTIVE: To carry out an economic evaluation of a general practitioner with special interest service for non-urgent skin problems compared with hospital outpatient care. DESIGN: Cost effectiveness analysis and cost consequences analysis alongside a randomised controlled trial. SETTING: General practitioner with special interest dermatology service covering 29 general practices in Bristol. PARTICIPANTS: Adults referred to a hospital dermatology clinic who were potentially suitable for management by a general practitioner with special interest. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomised 2:1 to receive either care by general practitioner with special interest service or usual hospital outpatient care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Costs to NHS, patients, and companions, and costs of lost production. Cost effectiveness, using the two primary outcomes of dermatology life quality index scores and improved patient perceived access, was assessed by incremental cost effectiveness ratios and cost effectiveness acceptability curves. Cost consequences are presented in relation to all costs and both primary and secondary outcomes from the trial. RESULTS: Costs to the NHS for patients attending the general practitioner with special interest service were 208 pounds sterling (361 dollars; 308 euro) compared with 118 pounds sterling for hospital outpatient care. Based on analysis with imputation of missing data, costs to patients and companions were 48 pounds sterling and 51 pounds sterling, respectively; costs of lost production were 27 pounds sterling and 34 pounds sterling, respectively. The incremental cost effectiveness ratios for general practitioner with special interest care over outpatient care were 540 pounds sterling per one point gain in the dermatology life quality index and 66 pounds sterling per 10 point change in the access scale. CONCLUSIONS: The general practitioner with special interest service for dermatology is more costly than hospital outpatient care, but this additional cost needs to be weighed against improved access and broadly similar health outcomes.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed2005

The relationship between Video Display Terminals (VDTs) usage and dermatologic manifestations: a cross sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Recently, it has been observed that Video Display Terminals (VDTs) usage for long periods can cause some dermatological manifestations on the face. An analytical cross-sectional study was designed in order to determine this relationship. METHODS: In this study, 600 office workers were chosen randomly from an organization in Tehran (Iran). The subjects were then divided into two groups based on their exposure to VDTs. 306 workers were considered exposure negative (non VDT user) who worked less than 7 hours a week with VDTs. The remainders 294 were exposure-positive, who worked 7 hours or more with VDTs. The frequency of dermatologic manifestations was compared in these two groups. RESULTS: In the exposure-positive and exposure-negative groups, the frequency of these dermatologic manifestations were 27 and 5 respectively. After statistical analysis, a P.value of < 0.05 was obtained indicating a statistically significant difference between these two groups for dermatological manifestations. CONCLUSION: According to our study, there is a relationship between dermatologic manifestations on the face and exposure to VDTs.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Dermatologic disorders in dogs with diabetes mellitus: 45 cases (1986-2000).

OBJECTIVE: To characterize skin lesions and causative infections in diabetic dogs and evaluate other potential causes of dermatologic disorders, including concurrent endocrinopathies, allergic skin disease, and long-term corticosteroid administration. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 45 dogs with diabetes mellitus (DM) that were examined by dermatologists. PROCEDURE: Medical records were reviewed for signalment; allergic conditions prior to development of DM; prior corticosteroid administration; and results of dermatologic examinations, ear and skin cytologic examinations, skin scrapings for parasites, bacteriologic and fungal culturing of ear and skin specimens, histologic examinations, and endocrine testing. RESULTS: Bacterial skin infection was the most common dermatologic disorder (n = 38 [84%]), followed by otitis (26 [58%]) and Malassezia-induced dermatitis (19 [42%]). Twenty-two (49%) dogs had pruritic skin disease consistent with allergic dermatitis, which preceded diagnosis of DM. Prior corticosteroid administration was reported in 21 (47%) dogs. Concurrent hyperadrenocorticism was diagnosed in 13 (29%) dogs, and concurrent hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 5 (11%) dogs. Iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism was diagnosed in 1 additional dog. Only 10 (22%) dogs did not have a documented concurrent endocrinopathy or allergic disease that could have caused the dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Bacterial and yeast-induced dermatitis and otitis develop in dogs with DM. Many diabetic dogs with dermatologic problems have a preexisting allergic condition, history of prior corticosteroid administration, or concurrent endocrinopathy that may be a more likely cause of dermatologic problems than DM alone.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Dermatologic lesions in asymptomatic blood donors seropositive for human T cell lymphotropic virus type-1.

Dermatologic manifestations are quite common in patients with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma and myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis associated with infection with human T cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1). In this study, we evaluated the dermatologic lesions of eligible blood donors in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil who were seropositive but asymptomatic for infection with HTLV-1. The study population was composed of 128 HTLV-1-seropositive individuals and 108 seronegative controls. All individuals underwent a dermatologic evaluation. Biopsy specimens were obtained from abnormal and normal skin samples of seropositive individuals in an attempt to detect HTLV-1 in tissue samples by a polymerase chain reaction. Dermatologic alterations were observed more frequently in the seropositive group (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 8.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.11-18.71). The most common skin diseases were dermatophytoses (adjusted OR = 3.32, 95% CI = 1.50-7.35), seborrheic dermatitis (OR = 3.53, 95% CI = 0.67-24.66), and acquired ichthyosis (P = 0.001). Virus was detected more frequently in abnormal skin samples. Dermatologic lesions probably related to HTLV-1 infection were diagnosed in eligible blood donors who were infected with this virus, who were previously considered to be asymptomatic carriers of HTLV-1.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Dermatologic manifestations of atrophic polychondritis].

A FREQUENT OCCURRENCE: Dermatological manifestations are frequently observed in patients with relapsing polychondritis. However, they have not been extensively studied as polychondritis is a rare disease and the reported dermatological manifestations appear to be nonspecific. A WIDE SPECTRUM: The most frequently observed manifestations are aphthosis with sometimes complex aphthosis, nodular papular or purpuric lesions. Neutrophilic dermatosis has been reported in isolated cases. Histologically, these lesions correspond to nonspecific inflammatory infiltrates, vasculitis or thrombosis. Various pathological findings are observed in nodular lesions. RELATED AND OVERLAP CONDITIONS: Similar dermatological manifestations occur in Behçet's syndrome and in inflammatory bowel diseases. Patients with relapsing polychondritis and myelodysplasia very frequently have dermatological manifestations. Repeated blood cell determinations are therefore necessary in patients with relapsing polychondritis and dermatological manifestations.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2000

Advances in pediatric dermatologic surgery.

Pediatric dermatologic surgery is evolving as a specialty, using new techniques, medications, and devices developed for adult surgery and dermatologic surgery, as well as refining pediatric procedural techniques applicable to dermatology. The pace of evolution should be rapid, with the dermatology training on cutaneous surgery, increasing emphasis, and the growing recognition of the importance of pediatric surgery to dermatologic practice.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed2001

[Psychosomatic dermatology - state of the art].

Based on the current literature, the paper gives an overview of the state of knowledge in psychosomatic dermatology. The authors propose the following classification: (1.) Dermatologic problems as a consequence of psychic disorders (e.g. factitious disorder, trichotillomania, dysmorphophobia, delusions of parasitosis etc.); (2.) Multifactorial dermatologic disorders, which can be substantially influenced by psychological factors (e.g. atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, chronic urticaria etc.); (3.) Psychic disorders developing as a consequence of disfiguring or life-threatening dermatoses (e.g. adjustment disorder, depressive disorder, anxiety disorder); (4.) Comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders. Psychosomatic dermatology developed from an anecdotal initial stage to more systematic research with larger numbers of patients, employing control groups and psychometric instruments. During the last decade, research focused on psychophysiological and psychoneuroimmunological mechanisms which influence dermatologic disorders. This course of development and the current state of knowledge are presented for atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.

Anxiety Disorders↗