Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “DENTIFRICES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of a dentifrice containing soluble pyrophosphate and a copolymer on calculus deposit: a six-month clinical study.

A six-month, double blind, cross over clinical study was conducted to compare the effect of a commercially available anticalculus dentifrice and a placebo dentifrice on supragingival calculus deposits. Fifty adult subjects who entered the study were given an oral prophylaxis and were assigned to use either pyrophosphate/copolymer toothpaste or a placebo toothpaste for a period of three months. They were then scored for calculus deposits using the Volpe-Manhold method, received a second oral prophylaxis and used the alternate dentifrice for a second three month period of time. The subjects were again scored for calculus deposits and the study was completed. The results indicated that pyrophosphate/copolymer toothpaste reduced supragingival calculus formation by 37.07%, as compared to the placebo dentifrice. This reduction was significant at the 99% level of confidence.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of a Microsil-containing dentifrice in the prevention and treatment of gingivitis.

The purpose of this study was to determine if a Microsil-containing dentifrice (Minnetonka, Inc., Minnetonka, Minnesota) could enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of toothbrushing relative to plaque control as well as the prevention and treatment of gingivitis. Volunteer 12 through 14 year-old elementary school students were divided into two experimental groups and one control group. Following baseline examination, scorings were made after consecutive forty-five day experimental periods which were separated by an interim prophylaxis. One of the Microsil-containing dentifrices was found to significantly reduce existing plaque and gingivitis levels at specific locations. The same experimental dentifrice was also shown in specific areas to permit better maintenance of the reduced gingivitis levels achieved following prophylaxis. It was concluded that the results obtained with a Microsil-containing dentifrice were encouraging in that any additional effect in reducing plaque and controlling gingivitis would be especially beneficial for young individuals in whom gingivitis is such a common finding.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Clinical methods for determining dentifrice-cleaning ability. American Dental Association Health Foundation Research Institute.

This collaborative study of dentifrice-cleaning methodology and function was conducted to compare three dental stain-grading methods among 300 adults who brushed their teeth for 8 weeks with three specially formulated calcium phosphate dentifrices, which differed in dentin abrasivity. In general, with some difference in sensitivity, use of the three stain-grading methods distinguished among different groups of the population using these three dentifrices. By using the method with the greater level of magnification, a significant difference was detected earlier. The data indicate that there is a linear correlation between dentin abrasivity as measured in vitro and observed clinical stain cleaning. As the dentifrices used in this study were custom-designed and limited to the chemical family of calcium ortho-phosphates, the linear relation between abrasivity and cleaning in this study cannot necessarily be related to other abrasive systems or other abrasion levels. Either of the two study designs, that is, testing after a prophylaxis (stain accumulation) or non-prophylaxis (stain removal), is appropriate for future investigations. However, in this study, greater examiner sensitivity was observed with the design that utilized preformed pellicle stain of known history as the substrate for cosmetic tooth-cleaning.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental plaque scores of children brushing with a gel or paste-dentifrice.

This one-month, unsupervised toothbrushing study investigated the amount and distribution of dental plaque on the teeth of children using either a translucent gel-dentifrice or a conventional paste-dentifrice. No significant differences in dental-plaque-scores were observed between the dentifrice groups from baseline to the end of the one-month study. However, a significant and equivalent increase in the amount of plaque was observed for both dentifrice groups over the study period, indicating a participation effect. The study further demonstrated that uninstructed children in this age-category have a significantly greater amount of plaque on the lingual surfaces than on the buccal and labial surfaces, following toothbrushing; and, in most cases, their maxillary teeth have less plaque than those of the mandible. No differences in plaque-scores between anterior and posterior teeth were observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Effect of 250 and 1000 ppm fluoride dentifrice on caries. A three-year clinical study.

In a 3-year clinical trial, the caries prophylactic effect of two dentifrices containing 1000 ppm F and one containing 250 ppm F was compared. 541 twelve and thirteen-year-old children took part in the study. The children were randomly divided into three groups. Each group of children and their families used one of the dentifrices daily at home. The children were examined for caries at the start of the study and again after an interval of one year. The caries increment was equal in the three groups during the experimental period. This indicates that a 250 ppm F dentifrice has the same caries preventive effect as a 1000 ppm F dentifrice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Statistical considerations related to a meta-analytic evaluation of published caries clinical studies comparing the anticaries efficacy of dentifrices containing sodium fluoride and sodium monofluorophosphate.

The comparison of the anticaries efficacy of dentifrices containing sodium fluoride (NaF) and sodium monofluorophosphate (SMFP) has recently been addressed through a meta-analysis of published head-to-head clinical trials. Such an analysis is used to provide an omnibus conclusion on the basis of summary information obtained from several individual studies. An important aspect of a meta-analysis is the determination of which studies from among those available in the relevant literature are to be incorporated into the calculations. The statistical literature provides several perspectives with respect to this issue. A recently-published meta-analysis by Johnson (1993) resulted in the conclusion that dentifrices containing NaF provide significantly lower caries increments than do those containing SMFP. However, a similar analysis utilizing studies identified by Volpe, Petrone & Davies (1993) suggests that no such significant difference exists. The resolution of such conflicting results rests on clinical judgment concerning the issue of study inclusion. The clinical significance of the results of both of these analyses was considered. Despite the differences in the analyses, both support the conclusion that dentifrices containing SMFP provide equivalent anticaries protection as do those containing NaF, in accordance with the standards established in the current American Dental Association Guidelines for the comparison of fluoride dentifrices.

American Dental Association↗
PubMed1995

De/remineralization from sodium fluoride dentifrices.

PURPOSE: To test the demineralization/remineralization effects of sodium fluoride dentifrices using an in situ single-section crown model system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A fluoride dose response was evaluated using 0, 1100 and 2800 ppm F-, along with the effects of an enhanced fluoride delivery system (polyampholyte-NaF). The single-section crown model was employed with supervised toothbrushing twice a day. At the end of each 1-month study leg, sections were removed and replaced with new sections for the next leg. Both before and after the double-blind, crossover portion of the study, sections were evaluated by polarized light microscopy and microradiography. The change in mineral content of the enamel and root lesions was analyzed by ANOVA with a Waller-Duncan K-Ratio Test post hoc. RESULTS: The placebo dentifrice group showed a loss of mineral and was statistically different from all groups. The fluoride dentifrices showed increasing amounts of enamel mineral gain, with increasing fluoride concentration. The polyampholyte-NaF delivery system with 1100 ppm F- was equivalent to the 2800 ppm F- dentifrice. Root lesions gave similar rank-order results although all treatments showed demineralization or mineral loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The effect of three dentifrices and a dental gel on plaque formation: a six week clinical study.

A six week single-blind clinical study was conducted to compare the effect of three dentifrices and a dental gel on the formation of dental plaque. On the criterion of their baseline plaque scores, male and female adult subjects were allocated to groups by restricted randomisation. The subjects used their assigned dentifrice twice a day and were examined for the presence of plaque after three and six weeks use. The results showed that the dental gel significantly reduced plaque when compared with the three dentifrices. There was no significant difference among the dentifrices with regard to plaque formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The effect of baking soda/hydrogen peroxide dentifrice (Mentadent) and a 0.12 percent chlorhexidine gluconate mouthrinse (Peridex) in reducing gingival bleeding.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a baking soda/hydrogen peroxide dentifrice, Mentadent, and a 0.12 percent chlorhexidine gluconate mouthrinse, Peridex, in reducing gingival bleeding. Forty subjects were divided into three groups; the baking soda group, the chlorhexidine group and the control group. All groups received oral hygiene instruction and brushed and flossed three times per day. Bleeding point scores were evaluated at baseline and at five weeks. The baking soda/hydrogen peroxide group used the supplied dentifrice as their sole toothpaste. The 0.12 percent chlorhexidine group used the mouthrinse twice per day. The control group performed oral hygiene as instructed. At five weeks, the 0.12 percent chlorhexidine mouthrinse significantly reduced gingival bleeding. The dentifrice and control groups revealed no statistically significant reductions. The results indicate that the 0.12 percent chlorhexidine mouthrinse is useful in improving oral health, whereas the baking soda/hydrogen peroxide dentifrice offered no advantages to conventional oral hygiene.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The caries preventive effect of a fluoride dentifrice containing Triclosan and zinc citrate, a compilation of in vitro and in situ studies.

A new generation of 'gun-health dentifrices' has recently become available. These products contain antimicrobial ingredients in addition to fluoride as the caries preventive component. Several experiments were performed to study the effects of the addition of antimicrobials. These included fluoride bioavailability tests, enamel lesion de- and remineralisation studies ('pH-cycling') and in situ caries studies. A comparison was made between a non-fluoride (negative) control dentifrice, a fluoride (positive) control dentifrice (1000 ppm F as sodium monofluorophosphate, MFP) and a test dentifrice containing 1000 ppm F (as MFP), 0.3 per cent Triclosan and 0.75 per cent zinc citrate trihydrate (ZCT). The results showed that the two fluoride pastes performed better in all tests than the negative control. No differences were observed between the two fluoride pastes in the in vitro studies. Under conditions of cariogenic challenge, in situ caries progression was inhibited by the fluoride test paste containing Triclosan and ZCT. This result was significantly different from that of the fluoride control paste, in which group an increase in lesion severity was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Evaluation of a new dentifrice for the treatment of sensitive teeth.

A dentifrice containing 5% potassium nitrate, 1.3% soluble pyrophosphate, 1.5% polyvinylmethyl ether and maleic acid (PVM/MA) copolymer and 0.243% sodium fluoride in a silica base (Sensitive/Tartar Control) has been developed to concomitantly control tartar, caries and dentinal hypersensitivity. In vitro and animal studies show that the fluoride in this product effectively inhibits formation of enamel and dentine caries. In vitro studies also demonstrate that this dentifrice effectively reduces hydraulic conductance by occluding dentine tubules with a mixed surface deposit of copolymer and silica. Using an in vitro model that simulates in vivo conditions, this dentifrice also allows a rapid penetration of potassium nitrate through the dentine matrix. These findings demonstrate a correlation under in vivo conditions between the occlusion of dentine and the ability to deliver topically applied agents to target sites within or below dentine. The results indicate that this new dentifrice should provide multiple clinical therapeutic benefits including controlling tooth decay and tartar formation, and reducing and preventing dentinal hypersensitivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Microbiological assessment of an improved stannous fluoride dentifrice.

Recently, a new stabilized stannous fluoride (SnF2) dentifrice (SSF) has been developed. The aim of the present work was to examine the antimicrobial activity of SnF2, and to assess the long-term microbial safety of this dentifrice in a series of in vitro and clinical evaluations. Results of in vitro time-kill experiments with representative oral bacteria demonstrated that SnF2 exerts broad antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positives and Gram-negatives and, in particular, has potent activity against Streptococcus mutans. Sixty-eight subjects participated in a nine-day plaque regrowth clinical study to assess the short-term antiplaque effect of SSF. The results revealed no significant differences from the negative control, suggesting that SnF2 does not detectably or directly alter plaque microbial viability or composition. Separately, evaluation of microbial safety in a subgroup of 120 subjects participating in a six-month clinical efficacy and safety trial found no significant ecological shifts between SSF and the negative (NaF dentifrice) control among 11 supragingival microbial populations examined. The potential for development of bacterial resistance to SnF2 was assessed under both in vitro and clinical conditions. In a rigorous assessment of the ability of bacterial populations to develop either phenotypic or genotypic resistance to SnF2, representative bacteria were exposed to continuous sub-lethal concentrations of SnF2 in a laboratory chemostat for at least 9 days. Results of time-kill experiments on exposed populations revealed no significant changes in susceptibility despite exposure of over 10(12) bacteria. Based on typical spontaneous mutation rates of 10(-6) to 10(-8), these results suggested that the potential for bacteria to develop resistance to SnF2 is low. Evaluation of susceptibility to SnF2 to over 800 bacterial isolates obtained over the course of the six-month clinical trial corroborate the in vitro findings, revealing no changes in susceptibility suggestive of development of resistance to SnF2 is a microbiologically safe agent for oral use and support separate clinical observations demonstrating the safety and efficacy of this stabilized SnF2 dentifrice.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1994

Validation of the intraoral delta Ip system and use of the system to test the efficacy of Mentadent dentifrice.

Ongoing efforts within the oral care industry to improve dentifrices by the addition of anti-tartar compounds, bicarbonate and other agents, have necessitated the continuing evaluation of new products in order to assure their anti-caries effectiveness. However, clinical evaluation of new products is time consuming, prohibitively expensive and ethically questionable. Recently, a number of intraoral models have been developed that appear to be well-suited to evaluate new products. In the present study, an intraoral system was used that monitors short-term demineralization of surface enamel. Subjects wore appliances that contained Streptococcus mutans-coated blocks of bovine enamel and rinsed first with 15 ml of a 20% slurry of dentifrice and, after 30 minutes, with a 10% sucrose solution. Iodide penetrability (Ip) was determined before and after each intraoral exposure, and the difference, or delta Ip, was taken as the measure of demineralization. The model system responded linearly to increasing concentrations of fluoride in a series of standard dentifrice preparations. Mentadent, a fluoride toothpaste with baking soda and peroxide, was shown to reduce enamel demineralization and to provide protection comparable to a clinically tested dentifrice (Crest Regular). These results established the validity of the delta Ip method, and demonstrated the efficacy of Mentadent according to the criteria established at the ADA Consensus Conference on Intraoral Models in 1990.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The effectiveness of an amine fluoride/stannous fluoride dentifrice on the gingival health of teenagers: results after six months.

The objectives of the present study included examining the effect of non-supervised tooth brushing with an amine fluoride/stannous fluoride (AmF/SnF2) dentifrice on gingival health of teenagers in a field trial over six months. Jerusalem high-school adolescents (246) participated in a double-blind study with a NaF dentifrice serving as control. No oral hygiene instruction or supervision was given. Examinations took place at baseline, three weeks, three months and six months. In all examinations, no differences were revealed for plaque levels. Other results indicated a consistent advantage for the AmF/SnF2 group. Gingival Index (GI) scores were significantly lower in the test group at the three month examination (GI = 0.85, compared to GI = 0.89; p = 0.036) and at the six month examination (GI = 0.72, compared to 0.78; p = 0.042) than among controls. Mean bleeding on probing scores were lower in the AmF/SnF2 than in the control group at the six month examination (0.53, compared to 0.63; p = 0.041). No side effects, including staining, were reported, nor found, among the AmF/SnF2 group. In addition to the well established caries preventive role of fluoride dentifrice, these data indicate an additional and important public health role of a AmF/SnF2 dentifrice, in preventing gingivitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of tartar-control dentifrice on tooth sensitivity: a pilot study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this three-week, double-blind pilot study was to assess the effects of a tartar-control dentifrice on tooth sensitivity. METHOD: Fifty-six volunteer dental hygiene students completed a 14-item questionnaire regarding their oral health. Eighteen students were excluded from the study due to prior tooth sensitivity. Thirty-eight students were randomly assigned to either the experimental group using a tartar-control dentifrice (containing tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, PEG-6, disodium pyrophosphate, and tetrasodium pyrosulphate in a 5.0% soluble pyrophosphate formulation) or the control group using a regular dentifrice. Participants brushed for three weeks twice daily and then completed a post-treatment questionnaire, which included questions about tooth sensitivity. Differences between groups in reported sensitivity were measured by Fisher's Exact Test. RESULTS: Fisher's Exact Test revealed a statistically significant difference in sensitivity experienced by the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.05), which reported no sensitivity. The phi coefficient, used to examine the strength of the relationship between tartar control paste and tooth sensitivity, was found significant at p < 0.02. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that patients may experience dentinal hypersensitivity when using the tartar-control toothpaste tested. Further long-term studies are required to test various brands of tartar-control dentifrice with a larger, more diverse sample for clinical measures of sensitivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

A clinical study comparing two high-fluoride dentifrices for the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity.

Amine fluoride, the active ingredient of a currently marketed dentifrice in Germany and other European countries, and sodium fluoride were compared to a placebo dentifrice for their effectiveness in alleviating dentinal hypersensitivity. This was a randomized, double-blind, two-center, parallel clinical study covering 8 weeks of product use by 115 subjects. The hypersensitivity of the affected teeth was assessed by tactile stimulation, cold air stimulation, and overall subjective patient response. The three treatment groups exhibited comparable baseline sensitivity. These three methods of clinical assessment demonstrated that the desensitizing ability of a relatively higher fluoride dentifrice (1,400 ppm), delivered either as amine fluoride or sodium fluoride, did not differ significantly from that of the placebo dentifrice.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of low fluoride dentifrices on microhardness of sound enamel. In vitro study.

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of dentifrices containing low fluoride concentrations on microhardness of sound enamel in 50 healthy young premolar teeth. They were divided into five different groups according to the concentrations of fluoride in dentifrice used. The Vickers hardness of enamel was measured using a Zwick microhardness tester under 1000 g load and a Vickers indenter before and after the application of fluoride dentifrices. The results of the present study suggest that low fluoride concentration dentifrices are as effective as the higher concentrations in increasing the hardness of enamel.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of fluoride dentifrices on salivary fluoride levels in children.

Fluoride dentifrices are well accepted for their caries preventive effects. The fluoride concentration in the oral fluids after tooth brushing with fluoride dentifrices may have an important relationship to the caries reducing capacity. The present study was aimed to clinically evaluate the salivary fluoride retention of dentifrices containing low fluoride concentration in 50 children, aged 7-9 years before, during and after the use of fluoride toothpaste. Estimation of fluoride in saliva was done using a Orion microprocessor ion analyser with a fluoride specific ion electrode. The results of the present study suggest that there is considerable salivary fluoride retention after brushing with fluoride dentifrices. The retention of fluoride in the saliva at a higher level even with the low fluoride concentration, proves the similar cariostatic effect as of higher concentration.

Child↗