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Results for “Cumulative Trauma Disorders”

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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Metabolic bone disease presenting as multiple recurrent metatarsal fractures: a case report.

A case of adult hypophosphatasia involving a patient with recurrent bilateral metatarsal fractures is presented. This disorder, although relatively uncommon, is often associated with multiple pseudofractures and complete pathologic fractures of the lower extremity. It can be detected with routine laboratory analysis. Metabolic bone disease should be considered as a possible causative factor in patients with multiple "stress" fractures of the foot.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Risk factors for neck and shoulder disorders: a nested case-control study covering a 24-year period.

BACKGROUND: In 1969 a population-based study was conducted in the Stockholm region. From the 2,579 randomly selected participants (18-65 years of age in 1969), the youngest subset were asked to participate in a reexamination in 1993. Information regarding working conditions, conditions outside work, and neck and shoulder disorders was collected retrospectively for the period 1970-1993. METHODS: Of 783 eligible subjects (42-59 years of age in 1993), 484 responded. Cases of neck/shoulder disorders were defined by past sick leave or medical attention or recent symptoms, depending on available information. For each case (n = 271) two controls were randomly selected, matched by age and gender. Variables regarding both physical and psychosocial conditions were included in the matched analyses. RESULTS: Among women mainly psychosocial factors and among men mainly physical factors were associated with neck/shoulder disorders. The only gender common risk indicator found was repetitive hand work (OR approximately 1.5). Interactive effects were also observed. CONCLUSIONS: The impact on neck/shoulder disorders from separate factors was moderate but combinations of physical and psychosocial factors, as well as of work-related and non-work-related factors, produced relative risks above 2.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Ergonomics and the dental office: an overview and consideration of regulatory influences.

Nearly 2 million workers suffer from musculoskeletal disorders each year. These problems are caused by repetitive, awkward, or stressful motions. Dental health care workers are susceptible to these types of injuries. This article will discuss state and federal programs to control job-related injuries and relate the regulations to dental practice.

California↗
PubMed1996

Bilateral osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow in a female pitcher.

We report a case of a 17-year-old female pitcher with bilateral elbow osteochondritis dissecans. Osteochondritis of the elbow is a well-known disorder affecting pitchers and other individuals who sustain repetitive microtrauma to the elbow. Elbow osteochondritis has been described infrequently in female athletes. The incidence and reporting patterns of this disease are likely to increase as more female athletes participate in organized sports.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Occupational soft tissue disorders of the hand and forearm.

Upper extremity work-related diagnoses are becoming more frequent as a source of chronic pain and lost work time for the injured worker. Early directed care toward diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation is needed to prevent a protracted course. A review of common regional problems of the upper extremity is presented.

Cumulative Trauma Disorders↗
PubMed2001

Overuse injuries of the upper extremity in baseball.

The shoulder and elbow are prone to many overuse injuries in baseball. Injury to the muscles or ligaments leads to pain and loss of effectiveness in competition. Although many of these disorders respond to conservative management, surgery is sometimes necessary to provide pain relief and restore function. Unfortunately, overuse injuries that require surgery still are career-threatening injuries. Correct diagnosis and treatment increase the probability of a throwing athlete returning to competition.

Arm Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Repetitive movements of the upper limbs: results of exposure evaluation and clinical investigation during the sorting and packaging of apples].

In the fruit industry, workers sorting and packing apples perform a job that is characterised by repetitive actions, that require them to remain in an upright position for prolonged periods of time and, occasionally, to manually lift loads of apples. The aim of the study was to detect and provide a preliminary quantification of any possible risks for the musculo-skeletal system, as well as any disorders present among the workers. A risk analysis for WMSDs was performed in an apple packing plant, using video recordings of the job cycles associated with two different tasks (semi-automatic sorting and manual packing). A clinical and anamnestic investigation was carried out in nine plants; a standard questionnaire was distributed to 180 employees, with the purpose of detecting disorders and diseases of the locomotor system. An initial evaluation of the risks for WMSDs indicated that the routine tasks performed by the female apple workers featured a very high frequency of actions, also in view of the fact that the repetitive tasks lasted for the duration of the entire work shift. In the situation examined, the action frequency limits were greatly exceeded; moreover, the recovery times were inadequate in terms both of their duration and distribution. Regarding clinical and anamnestic examination, an overall analysis of the results shows a very high prevalence of spinal and hand-arm disorders. Given these preliminary findings, the authors suggest that the sample population of fruit sorters should undergo clinical and instrumental testing to evaluate the condition of the spine and upper limbs, and that a specific health surveillance programme should be adopted across the industry.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Impact of physical exposure on neck and upper limb disorders in female workers.

Physical workload [muscular load of the trapezius and infraspinatus muscles using electromyography (EMG), wrist positions and movements by electrogoniometers] and neck and upper limb disorders (from, for example, a physical examination) were studied in women with repetitive industrial work (n = 95) and referents (n = 74). The repetitive work displayed higher ratings for wrist movements, but not for EMG. The prevalences of neck, shoulder and wrist/hand disorders were elevated for women with repetitive work [age-adjusted prevalence odds ratios (PORs) 2.0-7.5]. For the left hand, high frequency of wrist movements (mean power frequency 0.53 Hz) was associated with a high prevalence of disorders (56%), as compared to low (0.28 Hz and 26%; POR 3.5). We found no consistent and significant effect of muscular load, on either neck or shoulder disorders. However, selection and other bias may have diminished our possibility to observe such effects. Psychosocial work environment factors were not confounding the results. Measurements of wrist movements may be used for identification of high-risk work tasks.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Extra-anatomic bypass graft for management of axillary artery occlusion in pitchers.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to evaluate the long-term results of vein bypass grafts for axillary artery occlusion, specifically those placed extra-anatomically to prevent arterial injury in pitchers. METHODS: With the greater saphenous veins used as the selected conduit, arterial bypass grafts were routed anterior to the pectoralis minor muscle in four baseball pitchers who had occlusion of the axillary artery. We performed a follow-up in excess of 10 years with evaluations of the bypass grafts by ultrasonic duplex scan and magnetic resonance angiography. RESULTS: All four pitchers treated in this manner returned to the game and played for several seasons without a recurrence of the arterial injury. Long-term evaluation of the bypass grafts did not reveal any structural or functional disorder. CONCLUSIONS: Axillary artery occlusion in an athlete can be effectively treated with a vein bypass graft placed extra-anatomically, anterior to the pectoralis minor muscle. The greater saphenous vein should be considered the conduit of choice.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The prevalence of hand pain in Ibadan--implications for the carpal tunnel syndrome.

Hand pain or brachialgia paraesthetica nocturna (BPN) is a series of symptoms described as "waking up at night due to unpleasant sensations in the fingers" (Dekrom et al, 1992). Usually, these symptoms form the first rungs up the ladder leading up to the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) (Skandalakis et al, 1992), and thus are used as part of the diagnostic criteria for the disorder. We describe the results of a questionnaire survey of 422 patients attending two major hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria for complaints unrelated to hand pathology. Questions related to the bio-data (including type of occupation), general health status, past medical and/or surgical history, and finally hand symptoms of the patients. For a patient to be positive for BPN, the hand symptoms had to correspond to the cutaneous distribution of the median nerve. Positive cases formed 12.75% of all interviewees in one hospital and 19.59% of respondents in the other, with females forming the bulk of those affected. This figure is somewhat higher than the ones previously reported. From earlier work on the predictive value of BPN for the carpal tunnel syndrome we conservatively estimate that between 20% and 38% of individuals in our study group will suffer from CTS. The relationship of heavy hand-use to BPN was a negative one as most sufferers of BPN were light hand-users. However, individual occupations requiring highly repetitive flexion-extension wrist movements recorded many BPN cases. No BPN case was confirmed when the patients presented in hospital, indicating that more awareness of the symptoms and signs of this disorder needs to be created among doctors and the general public. Also, we believe that more investigations, particularly among the general population, are needed to be able to define the prevalence of this condition more accurately.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Systemic inflammatory mediators contribute to widespread effects in work-related musculoskeletal disorders.

Recent studies in a rat model have indicated that the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) include widespread inflammation and subsequent fibrosis at high levels of repetition and force. A systemic inflammatory component may affect tissues not directly involved in task performance, thereby contributing to widespread and puzzling symptoms that are often characteristic of patients with WMSDs.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Rotator cuff disorders.

Rotator cuff problems present with shoulder pain on repetitive overhead activity. Chronic irritation may develop into impingement tendonitis, with weakness of abduction and external rotation and night pain. Conservative management with rest, anti-inflammatory medicine and physiotherapy resolves the majority of symptoms. If these persist, surgical decompression affords good relief of pain.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1988

Athletic overuse injuries in children. A 30-month prospective follow-up study at an outpatient sports clinic.

A 30-month prospective follow-up study of children's overuse injuries at an outpatient sports clinic was carried out to determine the number, profile, and specific features of these injuries compared with those of young adults. During this period 74 athletically active boys (less than or equal to 15 years), 83 girls, 255 men (21-30 years), and 77 women visited the station because of an overuse sports injury of the musculoskeletal system. About one-third of the patients of each group did not seek medical help until more than 6 months after the onset of the symptoms. The injuries most commonly affected the lower extremities, with the knee joint involved in about one third of patients. In girls and women, the lower back (13%) was significantly more frequently affected than in boys and men (6%) (p less than 0.01). Thirty two percent of all boys' overuse problems were classified as exercise-induced growth disorders and osteochondritic pains (apophysitides, etc.), but in girls only 13% had a similar basis. The most common diagnosis among boys was Osgood-Schlatter's disease (13 patients, 18%); in girls it was nonspecific synovitis of the knee (9, 16%).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Occupational risks and repetitive strain injuries in the Italian legislation].

Based on the experience gained from several criminal proceedings handled by the Public Prosecutor's Office in Turin, the author presents and discusses the Italian legislation covering the prevention of musculo-skeletal pathologies of the upper limbs in the workplace. In particular, the author examines the obligations associated with issuing medical reports on such disorders, and focusses attention on the obligations of the employer with respect to prevention (i.e. technical, organisational and procedural measures), monitoring employee health and the provision of training and information for employees in the light of both existing legislation (Italian Civil Code, DPR 303/56 and DPR 1124/65) and more recent regulations (D. Lgs. 626/94).

Cumulative Trauma Disorders↗
PubMed2001

Developing ergonomic solutions for prevention of musculoskeletal disorder disability.

Numerous models have been proposed to help understand the relationship between personal and work factors that affect participation in work. The authors use a generic version of these models as a framework for identifying gaps between job demands and worker capacities. They describe metrics for assessing factors associated with causing or aggravating musculoskeletal disorders. Two case examples are presented to illustrate the hierarchical assessment of jobs and the evaluation of gaps between job demands and worker capacities. Finally, the authors describe the development of a job database to facilitate future evaluations.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Construction work and low back disorder. Preliminary findings of the Hamburg Construction Worker Study.

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional part of a longitudinal study in 571 male construction workers. OBJECTIVES: The Hamburg construction worker study is being conducted to assess the extent of musculoskeletal disorders in construction workers and factors predisposing for or leading to musculoskeletal disorders. The purpose of this analysis is to report findings about the association between job history and low back disorder. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Repetitive strain in forced positions during long periods of time has been reported as a risk factor for low back disorder. Of all construction workers, bricklayers predominantly are exposed to these conditions. METHODS: Subjects were recruited mainly from a routine health check-up. A structured interview with complete job history, job related activities, and symptoms was administered, and a detailed standardized physical examination was performed. Age-adjusted prevalences of low back pain were calculated, and logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and their confidence intervals for different durations of working in a specific job category and physical signs of low back disorder, adjusting for a variety of possible confounders. RESULTS: The 12 month prevalence of low back pain was highest in painters (57%), intermediate in concrete builders and bricklayers (41%), and lowest in carpenters and unskilled workers (38%). The age-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of low back disorder for having worked longer than 10 years as a bricklayer was 2.3 (1.2-4.5). CONCLUSIONS: Working longer than 10 years as a bricklayer was associated with signs of low back disorder. No comparable associations were found for house painters, carpenters, nor concrete builders. If replicated, these findings could be used to focus preventive measures on bricklayers with a long job history.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Repetitive industrial work and neck and upper limb disorders in females.

A cross-sectional study was performed in which physical examinations of the neck and upper limbs were conducted on 82 currently working female industrial workers with exposure to repetitive work tasks and on 64 currently working referent subjects without exposure to repetitive work tasks. Associations between results of symptom questions and physical examination were sought with variables related to the work environment and to the individuals. In a multivariate model, there were statistically significant associations between exposure to repetitive work and diagnoses in both the neck/shoulders (prevalence odds ratio, POR = 4.6) and elbows/hands (POR = 3.5). In addition, age (POR = 1.9, 75th vs. 25th percentiles), tendencies towards subjective muscular tension (POR = 2.3), and stress/worry (POR = 1.9) were also associated with diagnoses in the neck/shoulders; however, there was not an association between these variables and the prevalence of diagnoses in elbows/hands. Standardized evaluation of videotape recordings in 74 of the industrial workers revealed significant associations between neck flexion, and elevation and abduction of the arm and the prevalence of neck/shoulder diagnoses. In the multivariate model, neck flexion was significantly associated with diagnoses in the neck/shoulders (p = 0.005). In addition, low muscle strength, lack of emotional well-being at work, and a variety of psychosomatic symptoms were associated with diagnoses in the neck/shoulders (all p < 0.001). Lack of strength was also associated with disorders of elbows/hands (p = 0.007). This study demonstrated a substantial prevalence of neck and upper limb disorders associated with repetitive work performed with a flexed neck and elevated and abducted arms, as well as a possible potentiation of these ergonomic factors by certain personal traits in some workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Self-reported physical exposure and musculoskeletal symptoms of the forearm-hand among automobile assembly-line workers.

The aim was to study the prevalence of physical exposures and symptoms of the forearm-hand in a population with highly repetitive jobs. Automobile assembly-line workers (ALWs) (n = 521) and a control group (CG) from the general population answered a questionnaire. Consistent differences were found between the groups. ALWs reported more symptoms from the forearm-hand and higher exposure to repetitive movements, precision movements, and manual handling (< or = 15 kg) than the CG. Female ALWs reported more symptoms and higher exposure to known risk factors for work-related forearm-hand disorders than their male colleagues. In conclusion, automobile assembly-line workers appear to be a high-risk group for work-related symptoms from the forearm-hand. Also, exposure to physical load should be conscientiously analyzed, since women may perform different tasks than men.

Adolescent↗