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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Reasons for requesting emergency contraception: a survey of 506 Italian women.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reason for requesting emergency contraception (EC), previous use of contraceptive methods and provision route in a Family Planning Clinic in Italy. METHODS: Women requesting EC were interviewed, through a questionnaire containing questions on demographic characteristics, about their reasons for requesting EC, their prior contraceptive use, their reasons for not using an effective contraceptive method (or possible reasons for its failure) and specifically about the so-called 'provision route' (i.e. whether and where they had previously requested EC receiving a negative response). RESULTS: Almost 70% of all women requesting EC were aged between 18 and 25 years. Some 80% of all women were in a stable relationship with their partner, with fewer than 20% having had an occasional intercourse. The vast majority of women (83%) reported prior use of a modern contraceptive method, i.e. 64% with a condom, 27% for combined oral contraceptives and 1.1% for the intrauterine device (IUD). In addition, 15% of the women had used more than one method (oral pills and condoms). Concerning the reasons for requesting EC, condom breakage or slipping was the most frequently cited (64%), followed by totally unprotected intercourse (28%), failed withdrawal (5%) and forgetting one or more pill (only 1.1%). CONCLUSIONS: More than one-third of the women interviewed had previously used an emergency contraceptive modality; although no one did so more than four times. Therefore, it can be inferred that-at least in the present series-EC had not been used as a routine contraceptive method. Finally, it seems clear that in Italy, even in large cities, information about the availability, proper usage and mechanism of action is lacking. This seems due to information being spread by word of mouth between peers and friends, with more formal communication channels lagging behind.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of marital dissolution on contraceptive protection.

An analysis of data from the 1973 and 1976 National Surveys of Family Growth indicates that although marital disruption affects contraceptive practice, the patterns of contraceptive behavior among separated women who remain sexually active are very similar to those of women who remain married. Women about to separate rely less on barrier methods than do continuously married women, and this pattern persists after separation. It is likely that coitus-related methods are less frequently used because they require cooperation between the spouses. In addition, coitus-related methods are probably used less after separation because these methods are less effective, and unintended pregnancies are less desirable in the intermarital or postseparation period. As might be expected, both before and after separation, women who experience marital dissolution are less likely than the continuously married to be sexually active. The difference is greater after separation, but the major finding is the similarity of separated and continuously married women with respect to both coitus and contraceptive protection.

Contraception↗
PubMed1989

Schools and sex education: does it work?

The literature was critically reviewed to determine whether evidence exists to support sex education in the schools as a method of altering sexual behavior, contraception, and adolescent pregnancy. Five studies were identified in which the effects of sex education on these outcomes were evaluated. The available evidence indicates that there is little or no effect from school-based sex education on sexual activity, contraception, or teenage pregnancy.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1977

An outcome evaluation of counseling services provided by abortion clinics.

With the reduction in need for elective abortion as a long-term goal, the effectiveness of abortion clinic counseling programs provided at the time of elective pregnancy termination is evaluated using post-abortion contraceptive behavior as a measure. Using eight, free-standing abortion clinics located in Chicago, Illinois a control group design is employed in order to examine the hypothesis that patients attending clinics which provide a structured, comprehensive birth control counseling session at the time of their abortion will show a higher use rate of effective contraceptive methods than those patients attending clinics which do not provide such information. Results support this hypothesis. The differences are particularly noticeable in the subpopulation of teenagers with no preabortion history of contraceptive use.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1993

Culture and class as determinants of out-of-wedlock childbearing and poverty during late adolescence.

Out-of-wedlock childbearing during late adolescence is associated with poverty, both before and after the transition to parenthood. This article compares 2 linked data sets to examine the effects of income level and membership in race/ethnic categories on whether teen pregnancies terminate in abortion and whether those carried to term are legitimated by marriage. One data set consists of ethnographic data from 3 neighborhoods in Brooklyn, New York, that are predominantly African-American, Hispanic (mostly Puerto Rican), and non-Latino White, respectively. The other consists of all birth and abortion records from the health areas of those neighborhoods. Both data sets show higher rates of abortion and lower rates of marriage for poorer people, along with distinctive race/ethnic patterns that cannot be reduced to income differences. The results support the predictions of expectancy theory and show the strong independent role of culture in processes of family and household formation.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Contraceptive use among U.S. women having abortions in 2000-2001.

CONTEXT: Knowing the extent to which contraceptive nonuse, incorrect or inconsistent use, and method failure account for unintended pregnancies ending in abortion, as well as reasons for nonuse and imperfect use, can help policymakers and family planning providers support effective contraceptive use. METHODS: Contraceptive use patterns among a nationally representative sample of 10,683 women receiving abortion services in 2000-2001 were examined, as well as reasons for nonuse, problems with the most frequently used methods and the impact emergency contraceptive pills have had on abortion rates. RESULTS: Forty-six percent of women had not used a contraceptive method in the month they conceived, mainly because of perceived low risk of pregnancy and concerns about contraception (cited by 33% and 32% of nonusers respectively). The male condom was the most commonly reported method among all women (28%), followed by the pill (14%). Inconsistent method use was the main cause of pregnancy for 49% of condom users and 76% of pill users; 42% of condom users cited condom breakage or slippage as a reason for pregnancy. Substantial proportions of pill and condom users indicated perfect method use (13-14%). As many as 51,000 abortions were averted by use of emergency contraceptive pills in 2000. CONCLUSIONS: Women and men need accurate information about fertility cycles and about the risk of pregnancy when a contraceptive is not used or is used imperfectly. Increased use of emergency contraceptive pills could further reduce levels of unintended pregnancy and abortion.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Students. Safer sex.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Condoms↗