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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Language disturbances from paramedian thalamic infarcts: a CT method for lesion location.

The authors describe the case of three patients suffering from language disorder secondary to mesencephalo-thalamic infarcts. One of them showed the clinical features of transcortical motor aphasia, while the other two presented the typical pattern of the so-called "thalamic aphasia". The CT-stereotaxic method for lesion localization disclosed that the dorso-medial was the mostly involved thalamic nucleus in each case. Since this nucleus is connected both with Broca's and Wernike's areas, the authors suggest that the more or less extensive involvement of the fibres connecting these structures may be responsible for the different aphasic features presented in these cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Cerebral tissue oxygen status and psychomotor performance during lower body negative pressure (LBNP).

Cerebral oxygen sufficiency was studied noninvasively, using multiwavelength near-infrared spectrophotometry, in eight subjects exposed to lower body negative pressure (LBNP) of up to -90 mm Hg to induce presyncopal symptoms and signs. LBNP caused only small changes in the forebrain measures until the last 60 s of the exposures, whereupon oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and oxidised cytochrome c oxidase fell, reduced hemoglobin (Hb) rose slightly, and the tissue blood volume (HbO2 + Hb) fell. In subjects showing presyncope, these changes anticipated the onset of a terminal bradycardia by some 20 s and may provide the trigger for cardiovascular decompensation, while the cessation of LBNP led to an overshoot in cerebral blood volume suggestive of a reactive hyperemia. Psychomotor testing showed a significant slowing of reaction time with LBNP, but only for the easiest component of a complex task, while saccadic latencies were found to be shortened following LBNP exposure.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adult cerebral malaria. Actual experience of the Infectious Diseases Intensive Care Department at the Claude Bernard Hospital].

22 cases of adult cerebral malaria were observed between July 1987 and June 1989, either associated or not: parasitemia 5%, consciousness disorders, acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia. Two patients died (9%). Increased frequency of attacks is underlined. They are due to chloroquino-resistant parasite strains, even polychemoresistant, occurred in French speaking Tropical Africa since 1985. Therapeutic strategy is described. The necessity to use increased doses of quinine has been admitted, correlatively underlining importance of strict monitoring of the patients because, in first instance, the risk of hypoglycemia (eased by injecting too quickly high doses of quinine) and of acute pulmonary oedema (eased by too quick perfusions and/or transfusions).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Generalized form of cerebral actinomycosis].

The here presented case was a woman 82 years old suffering for many years of arteriosclerotic Parkinson syndrome. During the last 8 months of her life she exhibited excessive talk flow and states of delirium. Twelve days before death she had a generalized attack of convulsions and the consciousness disorder increased. Moreover, meningeal symptoms were observed, a right side reflex syndrome with Babiński sign and temperature up to 38 degrees C were noted. Death occurred on the 9th day of hospitalization with symptoms of increasing circulatory-respiratory insufficiency. Pathomorphological examination revealed in the myocardium, lungs, liver, kidneys and thyroid multiple purulent foci containing actinomycotic granules. Neuropathological examination revealed both in the cortex and white matter the presence of numerous disseminate bodies staining intensively with HE, PAS- and Gram-Weigert positive and negative in the Ziehl-Nielsen method. Their structure, compact or fine-powdered corresponded to actinomyces colonies. They either showed no reaction or were surrounded by a wall of inflammatory cells such as: neutrophilic leucocytes, lymphocytes, plasmatic cells and histiocytes. The microabscesses were not encapsulated. The case was classified to a diffuse form of brain actinomycosis. The etiopathogenesis of the changes and the clinical-morphological correlations of this very rare infectious disease of the central nervous system are discussed.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1989

[Acute Borrelia burgdorferi encephalitis (Lyme disease) in an Algerian child].

A case of acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis is described in an Algerian child with renal insufficiency that had been diagnosed at the terminal stage. Convulsions, hemiplegia and consciousness disorders pointed to a necrotizing viral or bacterial form of encephalitis, but the definitive diagnosis was based on the detection of IgM and IgG specific serum antibodies raised against Borrelia burgdorferi.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

[Definition and delineation of syncopes and drop attacks].

Syncope on the one hand and drop attacks on the other hand are clearly and factually defined in this paper. The conditions are differentiated from one another and also from other cerebral attacks. Thus, an inappropriate hyperextension of terminology beyond the limits of acceptability is counteracted.

Cognition Disorders↗
PubMed1988

[Sinocarotid hypersensitivity].

Hypersensitivity of the carotid sinus corresponds to a ventricular pause equal to or exceeding 3 seconds and/or a blood pressure drop equal to or exceeding 50 mmHg, induced by massage of the carotid sinus (MCS). MCS remains the diagnostic method of these two syndromes: cardio-inhibitor/vasodepressor. It must be performed systematically during the work-up of transient consciousness disorders since it is not unusual that hypersensitivity of the carotid sinus may cause cardiac syncopes. In addition, hypersensitivity of the carotid sinus is often associated with sinus dysfunction and atrioventricular conduction disorders. In the case of hypersensitivity of the carotid sinus with syncope secondary to a pure or dominant cardio-inhibiting response, heart stimulation with a dual-chamber pacemaker is probably the best treatment. In cases of hypersensitivity of the carotid sinus without syncope, therapeutic abstention is commonly accepted.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗