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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Family violence curricula in U.S. medical schools.

INTRODUCTION: Family violence (adult domestic violence, child abuse/neglect, and elder abuse) is endemic. Victims of family violence are seen in every venue of health care, yet physicians do not routinely inquire about abuse, even when patients present with obvious clinical characteristics. Although a comprehensive health care response is key to a coordinated community-wide approach to family violence, most practicing physicians have never received education in any aspect of family violence, including child abuse. This paper reports the results of a survey of family violence instruction in medical schools. METHODS: A written survey of medical school deans and student representatives of all 126 U.S. medical schools was conducted to (1) determine curriculum content in family violence, (2) assess differences between deans' and students' perceptions of curricular offerings, and (3) compare the results of the current survey with those of an earlier curriculum survey conducted in 1987. RESULTS: The majority of deans reported existing curriculum in all three topic areas of family violence. Compared to the 1987 survey, more deans reported existing curriculum in family violence. However, neither total instructional time nor curriculum during clinical training increased. Moreover, student and dean responses were discrepant regarding awareness of curriculum in domestic violence and elder abuse. CONCLUSION: Despite an increase in the number of schools reporting curriculum in family violence, there does not appear to be increased attention to this problem, at least as measured by time devoted to teaching. Insights from this descriptive survey can promote ongoing efforts toward comprehensive curriculum development in family violence.

Child↗
PubMed1998

What the private sector does not know about purchasing oncology services.

BACKGROUND: Oncology, as a medical specialty, is usually purchased as part of a comprehensive health care plan offered by a health care network or carrier and is given the same weight in purchasing decisions as all other specialties. Individual practitioners and care facilities generally meet contemporary availability and quality standards. More detailed information generally is not sought and may be difficult to communicate to participants. The cost of network care is the most consistent and easy variable to obtain. Providing health plan participants with contemporary treatment information in any specialty area requires consistent information flow and presumes the ability to communicate this information to participants. METHODS: Providing credible information regarding prevention protocols, success rates for treatment modalities, remission data, and support therapies will help better educate private sector purchasers. More can be done to highlight clinical research and present this information in readily understandable terms. RESULTS: More detailed information could have an impact on the future design of network-based health care plans and could assist participants in selecting among several networks. Quality of life issues would be supported by comprehensive information leading to personal life-style decisions. CONCLUSIONS: Private purchasers need to work with oncologic professionals, care networks, and health carriers to develop more precise information regarding oncologic care specifically and to become better educated regarding each area of specialty care in general. Information, once available, must be available to participants in terms that are easy to understand.

Employer Health Costs↗
PubMed1990

[Scientific institutions for treatment and care: purpose, characteristics and specific role in the oncologic sector].

The qualities of Comprehensive Health Care Institutes facilities established to foster, carry out and coordinate activities of scientific research and assistance in the field of biomedicine are described. At present there are 23 centers, their activity being based on two fundamental features: 1) topical research in specific themes characterizing the role these Institutes continuously play; 2) specialized research concerning subjects of particular interest and/or urgency suggested by the Ministry of Health.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1992

Reforming the Swedish health services: the international context.

This article reviews the performance of Swedish health services in the international context. It notes that Sweden stands out as a country which has made a major commitment to the welfare state. Nowhere is this more evident than in the health services. Expenditure on health care is high by international standards and over 90% of expenditure derives from public sources. Despite Sweden's achievement in providing comprehensive health care to its population, a number of problems have emerged in recent years. In response to these problems, there has been a debate about options for reform. It is suggested that management reforms may offer the best way forward in improving the performance of health services. Policy makers should take advantage of the decentralised nature of the Swedish system to initiate and evaluate different reforms in different county councils.

Canada↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medical savings accounts: in the spotlight on Capitol Hill.

Medical savings accounts (MSAs) have emerged as one of the key health care proposals under consideration in the 104th Congress. These tax-free accounts, which are viewed as an alternative to traditional "comprehensive" health care coverage, would allow individuals and their employers to set aside money to pay for major health care expenses. Depending on how they are designed, MSAs could have significant implications for HMOs and other managed care arrangements.

Cost Sharing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

"Patients like us": pregnant and parenting teens view the health care system.

As a supplement to traditional ways of measuring health care quality, the patient's perspectve is an essential indicator, yet it is often overlooked in evaluations of health care for pregnant teenagers. This report reveals how 40 young women receiving publicly funded care viewed their physicians and the clinics and other facilities at which they received health care serv ces. Pregnant and parenting urban teens face stigmatization in many aspects of their lives. The author concludes, based on her interviews with the 40 teens, that providers and health care systems should combat such negative influences with support and respect for these patients. The data also point to the need for comprehensive health care for low-income adolescents that extends beyond prenatal care, which may focus on the needs of the fetus or infant to the exclusion of the needs of the young mother.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Televised paediatric consultations: a student evaluation of a multipurpose learning strategy.

Since 1984, each student in the sixth-year paediatric rotation in the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health at the University of the Witwatersrand has been videotaped while undertaking a comprehensive paediatric primary care consultation. Video replay of the consultation by each individual student was evaluated by the student together with medical and social work tutors. This incorporated psychosocial aspects, communication skills, doctor-mother-child interactions, as well as essential medical content, clinical examination techniques, and management strategies. The student was expected to provide comprehensive health care, viz. dealing with the presenting health problems, identifying any possible hidden agenda, giving due attention to nutrition, immunization, development, optimal use of available records, health surveillance and appropriate education. This teaching programme was introduced in 1984. In 1988, 68 consecutive final-year medical students completed an anonymous Likert-type evaluation form scoring their perceived learning. They affirmed that the use of television in medical education provides a unique multipurpose learning strategy and in particular enhances awareness of self and of patient/family needs. The time, cost and effort invested in this programme are considered justified.

Clinical Competence↗