Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “COMEDONES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Use of systemic agents in the treatment of acne vulgaris.

Effective treatment of acne vulgaris can prevent emotional and physical scarring. Therapy varies according to the severity of the disease. Topical medication is generally adequate in clearing comedonal acne, while inflammatory acne usually requires the addition of oral medication. Systemic antibiotics are used most frequently and can be highly effective. Newer formulations of combined oral contraceptives are also helpful in modulating sebum production in the female patient. Severe nodulocystic acne that does not respond to topical retinoids and systemic antibiotics may be treated with isotretinoin. However, the side effect profile of this medication is extensive, and physicians should be well-versed in its potential adverse effects.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed2001

[Acne flare-up and deterioration with oral isotretinoin].

BACKGROUND: Isotretinoin treatment for acne can lead to inflammatory flare-ups or an aggravation, occasionally leading to acne fulminans. The purpose of this work was to examine our cases and to propose a classification system for management. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Over a 3-year period, we selected patients referred to our dermatology unit for paradoxical aggravation of acne under isotretinoin treatment. We recorded clinical data, drug prescriptions and the course of the flare-up. RESULTS: Over 3 years (1995-1998) we observed 32 cases of acne flare-up in patients taking isotretinoin, 6 women and 26 men. DISCUSSION: Four types of aggravation could be identified depending on their date of onset, the skin signs, and the presence or not of general signs. Systemic corticosteroids are generally required, together with a lower daily dose of isotretinoin and local care (excision of open and closed comedons). Factors predictive of aggravation are young age, male sex and sebaceous retention. CONCLUSION: Acne fuminans is exceptional in patients taking isotretinoin compared with the number of patients treated. Clinicians should nevertheless be aware of the risk in order to make the diagnosis and provide appropriate care.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed2001

Elderly and sun-affected skin. Distinguishing between changes caused by aging and changes caused by habitual exposure to sun.

OBJECTIVE: To review and distinguish between skin changes produced by aging and changes produced by habitual exposure to sun. QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: The literature was searched from 1969 to 1999 for articles on dermatoheliosis and sun-damaged skin. Surprisingly few were found comparing the difference between elderly skin and sun-damaged skin. A few articles focused on certain small aspects of sun-damaged skin. Many excellent articles described particular changes (e.g., actinic keratosis), but few covered all the changes due to aging and to sun. MAIN MESSAGE: Skin changes due to aging can be distinguished from those due to sun damage. All changes due to sun exposure can be grouped under the term dermatoheliosis; five parts of the skin are involved: epidermis (actinic keratosis), dermis (solar elastosis), blood vessels (telangiectasia), sebaceous glands (solar comedones), and melanocytes (diffuse or mottled brown patches). Habitual exposure to sun and a white skin are prerequisites for developing these changes. Knowing the difference between changes caused by sun and by aging can help physicians predict which patients are most likely to get skin cancers. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of these common skin changes will help physicians diagnose and manage the skin abnormalities of elderly people and of people with dermatoheliosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Association between blood concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls and manifestations of symptoms and signs in chronic "Yusho" patients from 1986 to 1997.

To examine the association between blood PCB level and manifestations of symptoms and signs by Yusho patients, a cross-sectional study was conducted using the results of nationwide health examination for Yusho. The subjects were the officially identified Yusho patients who admitted the health examination from 1986 to 1997. The number of examinees with known blood PCB level was 334 in 1986, and decreased to 214 in 1997. The numbers of male and female patients were similar. The geometric mean (95% confidence interval) of blood PCBs concentration was 4.05 ppb (3.75 to 4.37) in 1986 and 2.85 ppb (2.63 to 3.08) in 1997. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out for the data of each year with log-transformed blood PCB level as an explanatory variable and a manifestation of a sign or symptom as a response variable. Sex and age adjusted odds ratio and significance level (P) were computed. Positive association of blood PCB level with manifestations of comedones on the trunk and acneiform eruptions on the genital and gluteal regions was statistically significant for five, eight and six times, respectively. No other symptoms or signs showed such strong associations. Associations between manifestations of these signs and blood PCB level, however, did not seem to diminish in the twelve years of observation. It is suggested that the positive association of these signs with blood PCB level will still be maintained.

Acneiform Eruptions↗
PubMed2001

Microdermabrasion.

Particle-beam resurfacing is a tool that is useful in the management of epidermal abnormalities of the skin, including fine lines and wrinkles, actinic damage, clogged pores, comedonal acne, and mild acne scarring. For the procedure to be economically viable for the physician, it should be incorporated into a skin treatment program that can be managed safely and effectively by an appropriately trained nurse, aesthetician, or physician's assistant. This technique should be used to treat only the epidermis, because aluminum hydroxide crystals can be deposited into the dermis if the stratum basale is violated.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed2003

Management of acne.

Precise classification methods are used to define acne according to type (comedonal, papulopustular, or nodular) and severity. The relative effectiveness of several topical and systemic agents has been established in clinical trials, making possible an algorithm of specific treatment decisions based on acne classification.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1976

[Local treatment of common acne with vitamin A acid (Eudyna) (author's transl)].

A report is made on 80 male patients aged 19-25 and suffering from common acne, who were treated with vitamin A acid (Eudyna) partly as inpatients and partly as outpatients. All stages were present from acne comedonica to acne conglobata. The preparation was available in the form of cream and jelly, each containing 0.05% tretinoin. As a rule, the drug was applied once daily. At the end of the tretinoin treatment lasting for a maximum of 9 weeks, a decrease in comedones of more than 90% is reported. The tolerance of Eudyna was seen to be good to very good in more than two thirds of the patients.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Topical vitamin A acid in acne vulgaris.

Thirty patients with acne vulgaris were treated for 12 weeks with 0.025% vitamin A acid in a gel. The numbers of comedones, papules, and pustules were markedly reduced in 25 of the patients.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1976

Comparison of two concentrations of tretinoin solution in the topical treatment of acne vulgaris.

In patients with facial acne good results were obtained by topical treatment with a 0-05 per cent solution of retinoic-acid (tretinoin) solution and with a 0-025 per cent solution. The improvement was judged by clinical assessment and by counts of comedones, papules and pustules before and after the 12-week trial. Side-effects such as irritation and erythema were less with the 0-025 per cent solution. The use of swabs impregnated with a constant volume of solution and sealed in a sachet proved to be a convenient method of application. In the placebo group, swabs impregnated with the solvent only showed virtually no effect on facial acne.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1976

[The pathogenesis of acne vulgaris (author's transl)].

Stickl's method of oral treatment of acne vulgaris with antigens has been carried out on 26 test persons. During the treatment the number of comedones increased significantly and the number of papules decreased significantly. Biochemically, a significant increase of the free fatty acids and a significant decrease of the triglycerides could be demonstrated in the skin surface lipids, the total amount remaining unchanged. The following important conclusions for the pathogenesis of acne may be drawn: 1. The living conditions for Corynebacterium acnes on the surface of the skin or in the ducts of sebaceous glands respectively are influenced by the immunological system of the host. 2. The free fatty acids have a comedogenic effect in vivo. 3. The free fatty acids are not responsible for the development of inflammatory acne efflorescences.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1976

Scanning electron microscopic study of tretinoin (vitamin A acid) acne therapy.

Structural differences between untreated and tretinoin treated acne, uniquely evident with the scanning electron microscope, provide insight into the disease and its response to the drug. Early tretinoin therapy is characterized by the appearance of loosely adherent, parakeratotic cells which account for comedo expulsion and a disrupted skin surface. Persistence of the follicular and comedonal alterations account for the prophylactic value of long-term therapy. Meanwhile, the structure of the stratum corneum returns toward normal, with the clinical accommodation to the topical tretinoin.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1976

Epidermabrasion for acne: the polyester fiber web sponge.

Physical-mechanical exfoliation with the nonwoven polyester fiber web sponge is an effective adjunct to the treatment of comedonal and pustular acne. Precisely controlled epidermabrasion is achieved by varying pressure, velocity, duration and frequency of use. Side effects are negligible and patient acceptance is high. Effectiveness is not dependent upon erythema and scaling since the web sponge mechanically removes keratin excrescences and trapped hairs in pilosebaceous ducts.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1977

Acne treatment: a comparative efficacy trial of clindamycin and tetracycline.

Tetracycline was compared to clindamycin as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of moderate to moderately severe acne under double-blind controlled conditions. Both antibiotics were efficacious and differences were not appreciable. Lesion counts of both comedones and pustules were reduced and clinical improvement was noted in the majority of subjects. Side effects were not a problem. The place of clindamycin in the therapeutic armamentarium of the dermatologist is discussed.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1977

Acne vulgaris: treatment with topical benzoyl peroxide acetone gel.

The topical effect on acne of a benzoyl peroxide acetone gel was studied over an eight week period and simultaneously compared with the effect of a benzoyl peroxide lotion and a vitamin A acid cream. The three formulations produced a significant reduction in the number of comedones. The two benzoyl peroxide formulations substantially reduced the number of papules, but this effect was not observed to a significant degree with the vitamin A acid. Burning sensation following application, a common problem with the benzoyl peroxide alcohol gels, was not reported by patients using the benzoyl peroxide acetone gel.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1977

[On the reduction of free fatty acids in skin surface lipids as a criterium for the therapeutic efficacy of antimicrobial acne drugs. Studies on film masks containing ethyl lactate and ethanol (author's transl)].

Thin-layer chromatographic investigations of the skin surface lipids have been performed on 10 healthy subjects before and after treatment with film masks containing 1% ethyl lactate and 50% ehtanol. From the results obtained it can be assumed that there is a reduction in the fraction of free fatty acids on the skin surface. Clinical studies with the same mask on 23 patients with acne vulgaris over a period of 3 weeks proved that this treatment led to a significant reduction in comedones and inflammatory acne efflorescences. No side effects whatsoever were obtained. This therapy, therefore presents a valuable element in the treatment of acne vulgaris. These investigations show also that a decrease in the free fatty acids of the skin surface lipids points to a favourable therapeutical effect on inflamed and not-inflamed efflorescens of acne vulgaris when testing antimicrobial agents.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1978

[Polymorphous Juvenile Acne (author's transl)].

Many factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of acne, the most important of them lie in the sebaceous follicle, in disturbances of the cornification of the follicular channels and in the bacterial flora of the hair follicles. The latter consists of a yeast (pityrosporon ovale), coagulase-negative aerobic staphylococci and propionibacterium acnes. P. acnes is found in the depth of the follicle. It is of particular importance for the pathogenesis because it produces a lipase which releases fatty acids which stimulate the formation of comedones. Many questions are still unanswered. Presently, treatment consists of administration of estrogens or combination preparations of estrogen and progesterone (only recommended for women), of vitamin A acid and antibiotics. Tetracycline and its derivatives have proved particularly valuable for this purpose.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1992

Sebaceous gland lipids.

Human sebum contains squalene, wax esters, triglycerides, cholesterol esters, and possibly free cholesterol. The fatty acids of the ester lipids include species with chain branching or with unusual double-bond positions. The alcohol moieties of the wax esters contain unusual chain types similar to those of the fatty acids. Genetic and hormonal factors cause individual differences in sebaceous lipid composition. Genetic factors seem to influence the proportions of the various types of branched-chain fatty acids. Androgenic stimulation of the glands causes an increase in lipid synthesis, and therefore in the ratio of endogenously synthesized lipid to exogenous lipid. Because the endogenously synthesized lipids tend to be different from lipids that are derived exogenously, the overall composition of the secretion changes. Differences in sebum composition are particularly evident when the sebum of prepubertal children is compared with that of young adults. One difference that may be of clinical significance is the different concentrations of linoleate. Higher concentrations of sebum linoleate may protect young children from comedonal acne by preventing an essential fatty acid deficiency from developing in the follicular epithelium.

Fatty Acids↗
PubMed1978

A reexamination of the potential comedogenicity of sulfur.

The present study was designed to reexamine the question of the potential comedogenicity of topical sulfur. Studies were done by two different investigators in two separate institutions with groups of 12 and 40 subjects, respectively. Biopsy specimens were obtained from the occluded test sites before and after a six-week period of treatment. Each subject received a patch test of 5% sulfur in either an octoxynol 9 (Triton X-100) or a carbomer 934P (Carbopol 934P) vehicle and one of two controls consisting of the Triton X-100 vehicle or a dry patch test. We conclude that no trend or correlation was noted between the presence or absence of sulfur in the formulation and the appearance of comedones. The Triton X-100 vehicle itself appeared to be comedogenic under the experimental conditions.

Acne Vulgaris↗