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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Tracheal cilia response to exogenous niacin in drinking water of turkey poults infected with Bordetella avium.

Niacin was added daily to the drinking water of control and Bordetella avium-infected turkey poults at a dosage of 0, 70, and 280 mg/liter over a 2-week experimental period. Fourteen days postinoculation, tracheal sections were examined by histological and morphometrical analysis of cilia, as well as agar plate isolation for bacteria. Infected poults exhibited a 96-97% loss of cilia along the tracheal epithelial border, compared with only a 4-5% loss in controls. Infected poults receiving niacin in the drinking water exhibited only a 61.0% and 76.0% loss of cilia at doses of 70 mg/liter and 280 mg/liter, respectively. The results indicate that niacin treatment may influence the pathogenicity of B. avium infection.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Atypical cilia in the oviductal epithelium of healthy prepubertal gilts.

Specimens of the uterine tube epithelium (ampulla) were obtained from 20 healthy, prepubertal, ovariohysterectomized gilts. A 2 to 3% proportion of atypical cilia was observed. Of 6,600 transversely sectioned cilia, 122 (1.8%) had microtubular disorganization, whereas 444 of 48,080 totally examined cilia (0.9%) were compound, 104 (0.2%) were swollen, and 44 (0.09%) were intracytoplasmic.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Endothelial cilia in rat mesenteric arteries and intramyocardial capillaries.

We report for the first time the presence of endothelial cilia in rat blood vessels. They are seen in the mesenteric arteries of hypertensive rats and the intramyocardial capillaries of aged rats. The cilia are solitary and have the shape of the "9 + 0" axonemal structure. The processes of the basal foot and the transitional fiber are accompanied by basal bodies. The function of the solitary cilia is obscure.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Ultrastructure of the nasal mucosa cilia in the Kartagener syndrome].

The authors draw the attention on the existence of an "Immotile-cilia Syndrome" in patients with chronic respiratory infections of unknown origin. The study of the ultra structure of the ciliae (TEM, SEM) in a case of Kartagener Syndrome supports the existence of an "Immotile-cilia Syndrome".

Cilia↗
PubMed1984

Abnormal cilia in a breast carcinoma. An ultrastructural study.

Epithelial cells bearing multiple cilia of the motile type were observed in an infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the postmenopausal breast. These cilia displayed a number of abnormalities, the most striking of which was the widespread occurrence of supernumerary single microtubules. While the presence of occasional cells with a single primary cilium is a common finding in a great variety of tumors, including breast neoplasms, the occurrence of cells with multiple abnormal cilia in malignant mammary epithelium is most intriguing and, to our knowledge, has not been documented before.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Measurements of tracheobronchial clearance in patients with immotile-cilia syndrome and its value in differential diagnosis.

Tracheobronchial clearance was studied in twenty patients who fulfilled suggested criteria of the immotile-cilia syndrome and in eight other patients suspected of suffering from the syndrome, but who did not fulfill the criteria. Clearance was studied using 6 micrometers teflon aerosol particles tagged with 99mTc and external measurement of the radioactivity. The criteria were based on combinations of a typical history of bronchitis, rhinitis and sinusitis since childhood, hereditary data, situs inversus, sperm immotility and characteristic defects of respiratory tract cilia and sperm tails. All patients who fulfilled the criteria had an extremely slow, probably no, tracheobronchial mucociliary clearance, whereas all those who did not fulfill the criteria had some clearance. Evidently the diagnosis immotile-cilia syndrome can be obtained without clearance measurements in typical cases, but such measurements are of value in atypical cases, especially for excluding the syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Ultrastructure of cilia in Kartagener syndrome].

The lack of mucociliary transport causes chronic inflammations in the upper and lower respiratory tract and in the middle ear mucosa. The mucosa of 4 female patients with Kartagener's syndrome was studied by means of TEM (transmission electron microscopy) and SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and compared with the fine structure of normal cilia which were also found in these areas. All specimens studied showed, to a different extent, alterations in the fine structure of the axonemata, especially the absence or malformed ATP-ase dynein arms, the lack of spokes and/or the misarrangement of microtubuli within the cilia. The importance of this congenital anomaly - "immotile cilia" - is discussed with the trias of Kartagener's syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Isolated absence of nasal cilia: a case report.

A child is described with chronic rhinitis, isolated absence of cilia in the nasal mucosa and findings suggestive of the Rothmund-Thomson syndrome. We believe that the cilia deficiency is primary and not secondary to infection since the nasal epithelium, other than lack of cilia, was normal, and because the history of rhinitis began at such an early age.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1980

[Cilia-centriole-Golgi apparatus relationships in the glandular cells of the anterior pituitary of the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus L)].

Antehypophysial somatotropic and prolactinic cells of the Hedgehog have isolated cilia composed by a ring of 9 or 8 double tubules with or without a central tubule; this single cilia is in relation with a basal corpuscule. A granulo-filamentous neck joins the basal corpuscule to the subjacent centriole; from this granulo-filamentous neck accompanying the complex basal corpuscule-centriole, microtubules and striated filaments extend towards the Golgi apparatus. The single cilia, probably of chemoreceptor significance, appears in relation with the Golgi complex, a zone of granule formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

On the pathogenesis of obstructive lung disease. A study on the immotile-cilia syndrome.

The role of mucociliary transport in man can be evaluated by studying persons with the recently recognised "immotile-cilia syndrome". Such persons have chronic or recurrent infections of the upper and lower airways and have ultrastructural defects of cilia and sperm tails. Men suffering from the syndrome usually are sterile and have immotile spermatozoa. About half of the subjects have complete situs inversus. Fourteen persons with the immotile-cilia syndrome have been studied here in an attempt to evaluate the role of an impaired mucociliary transport for the development of obstructive lung disease. Age range was 25-40 years; there were ten men and four women. Mucociliary transport in the lungs was extremely slow in all subjects. Spirometry demonstrated airway obstruction in nine subjects. Two of these subjects had radiological evidence of pulmonary emphysema. The results indicate that an absent mucociliary transport predisposes to the development of obstructive lung disease. Patients with classic chronic bronchitis have earlier been shown to have a severely impaired mucociliary transport. The present findings in subjects with primary ciliary immotility make it probable that this impaired mucociliary transport is of pathogenetic importance for development of the obstructive lung disease often found in patients with chronic bronchitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Correlation between ventral surface structures and local degeneration of cilia during conjugation in Paramecium.

Correlation between cortical structures, such as the suture lines and the oral apparatus, and local degeneration of cilia during conjugation was investigated using aberrantly shaped cells which were produced by treating normal cells with 2 mM adenine for 24 h. Three types of aberrantly shaped cells were obtained: (1) proters, in which the oral apparatus is located at or near the posterior end of the cell and the preoral suture is much longer than that of a normally shaped cell' (2) opisthes, in which the oral apparatus is located extremely anteriorly, the preoral suture is very short and bent to the left, and the postoral suture and cytoproct are much longer than those of normally shaped cells; and (3) L-shaped cells, which are cells that have not separated at division and contain two buccal openings. The anterior member of the L-shaped cells (AML) has a long preoral suture and the posterior member of the L-shaped cell (PML) has a long postoral suture and cytoproct. The postoral field of AML and the preoral field of PML are missing. When these cells were mixed with normally shaped cells of the opposite mating type, the mating reaction took place between them. Scanning electron microscopic observation showed that, in all abnormally shaped cells, the degeneration of cilia always occurred along the full length of the preoral suture, regardless of its total length, and along the posterior right field of the buccal vestibulum, regardless of its location in the cell cortex. The localization of the degeneration of cilia, therefore, coincided with the position of the preoral suture and the buccal opening.

Adenine↗
PubMed1981

Calcium receptor protein calmodulin isolated from cilia and cells of Paramecium tetraurelia.

A low molecular weight protein of about 17 000 as determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis has been isolated from cilia and cell bodies, respectively, from Paramecium tetraurelia (wildtyp 51s). This protein has been identified as calmodulin by various properties previously ascribed to calmodulin from other vertebrate and invertebrate systems. These properties are heat stability, electrophoretic mobility and its ability to activate in the presence of calcium a calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase from pig brain. Calmodulin is present in rather high amounts in cell bodies (75 micrograms/g) and also in isolated cell-free cilia (up to 50 micrograms/g). Its presence in cilia suggests a role in the control of ciliary activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Ultrastructure of individual odontoblast cilia].

Odontoblasts of teeth anlagen in inbred white rat fetuses were studied electron microscopically. On the lateral surface of some odontoblasts isolated cilia were discovered, directed, as a rule, towards intercellular spaces. Cilial trunk is covered with the odontoblastic cytomembrane and in the area of the basal body the membrane is forming a sack-like enlargement. Either 9 or 8 pairs of peripheral fibres are seen in the transversal sections of cilia, while the central pair of fibrils is absent. The basal body is a cylinder formed by 9 fibrillar triplets. A basal root runs from the basal body. It is suggested that the isolated cilia of odontoblasts are not rudimentary formations, but performed certain sensory function.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Cilia in the porcine bile ductule: motile or sensory?

Oligociliated epithelial cells or cells with a solitary cilium were observed lining hepatic bile ductules in pigs. The cilia were situated in the midst of microvilli, and arose from a basal body that was located in the vicinity of the free surface of the epithelium. The axonemal pattern revealed in transverse sections of the cilia was 7 + 1, 8 + 1, 8 + 2 or 9 + 0, Although devoid of the classical axoneme pattern, we assume some of the cilia to be motile, and other to be sensory structures that would assist bile formation and secretion.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ligand-dependent ionic conductivity in olfactory cilia].

We have examined the membrane conductance in the frog olfactory receptor cilia by the "whole cilia patch" method according to Kleen and Gesteland [1]. We always observed the cyclic AMP-gated conductance as reported previously on the excited inside-out membrane patch from the cilium. However, we could not detect a significant indication of the IP3-gated conductance in the ciliary membrane. On the contrary, Ca(2+)-gated chloride conductance was detected in most cilia. The mean value of this conductance was more than 10% of the cAMP-gated conductance measured in divalent cation free solution. This result may indicate the certain role of the chloride channel in the generation of the olfactory receptor potential.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Primary cilia in cultured mammalian cells: detection with an antibody against detyrosinated alpha-tubulin (ID5) and by electron microscopy.

A fluorescent-labelled antibody against detyrosinated alpha-tubulin, ID5 (Wehland and Weber, 1987), allows primary cilia and centrioles to be detected rapidly and accurately for analysis in cell cultures. Many features of primary cilia have been re-examined, including frequency of expression in relation to levels of confluency, different sera, different cell cycle stages, and following trypsinization and centrifugation procedures. The detection of multiple ciliation per cell, and the precise positioning of cilia in cells in monolayers are readily recorded. The findings are discussed in relation to cilium expression in cell growth and cycling, to previous findings based on ultrastructural analysis, and to their potential role in sensing the local environment.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1996

Pathological cilia in the tracheal mucosa of apparently healthy pigs.

We have carried out a quantitative investigation on atypical cilia in the tracheal mucosa of apparently healthy pigs. The tracheal epithelium has compound cilia in a moderately higher number than has the porcine oviductal epithelium. It is likely that formation of compound cilia in trachea is due both to an altered ciliogenesis and to environmental pollutants.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Centrioles and cilia in the mesothelial cells of the pericanalicular region.

An evaluation of 70 trabecular meshwork biopsies obtained at the time of therapeutic surgery in glaucomatous and cataractous eyes revealed that the mesothelial cells in the iridocorneal angle had a marked abundance of cilia and centrioles. The distribution of cells showing cilia and/or centrioles is positively correlated with the apparent aqueous humor outflow pathway. The morphology and arrangement of the cilia-centriole complexes in the angle are highly variable and show many forms not previously reported in a single tissue. There were no obvious correlations between organelle abundance and the identifiable factors affecting the patients involved in this study.

Biopsy↗