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At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Suppression of chondrosarcoma cells by 15-deoxy-Delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 is associated with altered expression of Bax/Bcl-xL and p21.

We previously reported that 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)), the most potent agonist for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), induces apoptosis of human chondrosarcoma cell line OUMS-27. The current study aimed to explore the mechanism of 15d-PGJ(2)-induced apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation in OUMS-27 cells. The preliminary results of cDNA microarray analysis showed the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL and up-regulation of pro-apoptotic Bax in the process of 15d-PGJ(2)-induced apoptosis. These changes were further confirmed at mRNA and protein levels by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Among cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p21 was induced and up-regulated by 15d-PGJ(2), but p16 and p27 were not changed, suggesting that the involvement of p21 in inhibition of cell proliferation. Activation of caspase-3 by 15d-PGJ(2) was partly, but not completely, blocked by PPAR gamma antagonist (GW9662) suggesting the 15d-PGJ(2) exerted its effect by PPAR gamma-dependent and -independent pathways. Interestingly, immunohistochemical study on human chondrosarcoma samples revealed that Bcl-xL is frequently expressed by tumor cells. The results of the current study suggest that the potential ability of 15d-PGJ(2) in regulation of cell cycle and inhibition of Bcl-xL expression might be beneficial in the development of novel pharmacological agents for chondrosarcoma.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2005

Cytogenetic findings in clear cell chondrosarcoma.

Clear cell chondrosarcoma is a rare cartilaginous tumor of low-grade malignancy that most often arises in the epiphysis of long bones in the third and fourth decades of life. Cytogenetic studies of clear cell chondrosarcoma are few. In this study, the cytogenetic findings of 4 cases of clear cell chondrosarcoma are presented. Clonal chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 3 cases. A tumor specific anomaly was not identified, however, extra copies of chromosome 20 and loss or rearrangements of 9p appear to be recurrent.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Phenotypic characterization of chondrosarcoma-derived cell lines.

Gene expression profiling of three chondrosarcoma derived cell lines (AD, SM, 105KC) showed an increased proliferative activity and a reduced expression of chondrocytic-typical matrix products compared to primary chondrocytes. The incapability to maintain an adequate matrix synthesis as well as a notable proliferative activity at the same time is comparable to neoplastic chondrosarcoma cells in vivo which cease largely cartilage matrix formation as soon as their proliferative activity increases. Thus, the investigated cell lines are of limited value as substitute of primary chondrocytes but might have a much higher potential to investigate the behavior of neoplastic chondrocytes, i.e. chondrosarcoma biology.

Cell Culture Techniques↗
PubMed2005

Tenascin-C promotes cell survival by activation of Akt in human chondrosarcoma cell.

Tenascin-C (TnC) is an extracellular matrix protein that is highly expressed in tumor stroma. In this report, we examined the roles of TnC-mediated cell adhesion in the modulation of chondrosarcoma cell survival. We found that hTnC-mediated adhesion could confer a significant (P<0.05) survival advantage to human chondrosarcoma cell line, JJ012, following serum-deprivation compared with the same cells grown on poly-lysine. This pro-survival signal was due to the activation of the Akt upon adhesion to hTnC. Moreover, hTnC-induced Akt activation was blocked by LY294002 and the expression of dominant-negative Akt. Taken together, these studies support that the TnC-mediated adhesion can promote cell survival through Akt in human chondrosarcoma cells.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2005

Juxtacortical chondrosarcoma of the mandible: report of a unique case and review of the literature.

The clinical, radiographic, and pathological features of a juxtacortical chondrosarcoma of the mandible in a 25-year-old Caucasian woman are presented and the differential diagnostic aspects are discussed. To the best of our knowledge, this rare tumor has not previously been reported in the maxillofacial skeleton. Ten years after surgery there is no evidence of local recurrence or metastatic disease. As the prognosis of juxtacortical chondrosarcoma of the long bones seems to be relatively favorable compared with the usual central chondrosarcoma of similar grade of malignancy, this might also be expected for a similar tumor presentation in the maxillofacial skeleton.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Carbon ion radiotherapy of skull base chondrosarcomas.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness and toxicity of carbon ion radiotherapy in chondrosarcomas of the skull base. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between November 1998 and September 2005, 54 patients with low-grade and intermediate-grade chondrosarcomas of the skull base have been treated with carbon ion radiation therapy (RT) using the raster scan technique at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung in Darmstadt, Germany. All patients had gross residual tumors after surgery. Median total dose was 60 CGE (weekly fractionation 7 x 3.0 CGE). All patients were followed prospectively in regular intervals after treatment. Local control and overall survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Toxicity was assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria (CTCAE v.3.0) and the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG)/European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) score. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 33 months (range, 3-84 months). Only 2 patients developed local recurrences. The actuarial local control rates were 96.2% and 89.8% at 3 and 4 years; overall survival was 98.2%at 5 years. Only 1 patient developed a mucositis CTCAE Grade 3; the remaining patients did not develop any acute toxicities >CTCAE Grade 2. Five patients developed minor late toxicities (RTOG/EORTC Grades 1-2), including bilateral cataract (n = 1), sensory hearing loss (n = 1), a reduction of growth hormone (n = 1), and asymptomatic radiation-induced white matter changes of the adjacent temporal lobe (n = 2). Grade 3 late toxicity occurred in 1 patient (1.9%) only. CONCLUSIONS: Carbon ion RT is an effective treatment for low- and intermediate-grade chondrosarcomas of the skull base offering high local control rates with low toxicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Differential regulation of cytokine-induced MMP-1 and MMP-13 expression by p38 kinase inhibitors in human chondrosarcoma cells: potential role of Runx2 in mediating p38 effects.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways for their ability to differentially regulate the expression of matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-1 and -13 in human chondrosarcoma cells using pathway-selective inhibitors. DESIGN: Human chondrosarcoma cell lines (SW1353 and JJ012) and human articular chondrocytes (HACs) were treated with cytokines (IL-1beta and TNFalpha) and the expression of MMP-1 and -13 was analyzed. The effects of MAP kinase inhibitors on cytokine-induced expression of MMP-1 and -13 were evaluated using ELISA and Western blot analyses. The possible involvement of the Runx2 pathway in mediating p38 effects on MMP-13 expression was analyzed using promoter-reporter assays, ELISA and immunoprecipitation analyses. RESULTS: IL-1beta and TNFalpha strongly induced the expression of MMP-1 and -13 in SW1353 cells and HACs, whereas only TNFalpha was found to induce the expression of these two MMPs in JJ012 cells. Cytokine treatment did not result in a significant increase in the activity of MMPs because of the excess production of endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMPs). Treatment with p38 kinase inhibitors (SB203580 and SB242235) strongly inhibited cytokine-induced MMP-13 expression in a dose-dependent fashion while having a somewhat weaker inhibitory effect on MMP-1 expression. In contrast, inhibitors of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways did not inhibit the expression of either MMP. Overexpression of Runx2 robustly stimulated the transcriptional activation of MMP-13 but had no effect on MMP-1 expression. Furthermore, IL-1beta induced the phosphorylation of Runx2, and this effect was blocked by a p38 kinase inhibitor. Our data suggest that Runx2 is likely to be a key downstream mediator of p38 effects in the differential regulation of IL-1beta induced MMP-13 expression. CONCLUSIONS: These studies demonstrate the differential inhibition of cytokine-induced MMP-1 and -13 expression by p38 kinase inhibitors in human chondrosarcoma cells. Our studies also suggest the involvement of Runx2, at least in part, in mediating the effects of p38 on MMP-13 expression.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed2004

Unusual presentation of petro-clival chondrosarcoma: short report.

Skull base chondrosarcoma is a rare neoplasm. Our patient presented with acute onset of diplopia along with symptoms of lower cranial nerve palsies in 1997. She showed complete resolution of symptoms following a short course of antibiotics and remained quiescent for three years. However, remission of symptoms in chondrosarcoma is unusual. An unusual case of a patient with petroclival low grade chondrosarcoma, who presented with relapse of symptoms after three years and was treated with surgery and radiotherapy, is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Chondrosarcoma, lupus anticoagulant and cerebral ischaemia.

Chondrosarcoma is a malignant disease of cartilage. Systemic embolisation usually arises from cancerous invasion of pulmonary vessels or the left atrium but cerebral embolisation or ischaemia is rarely recognised. We report a man with left leg amputation for tibial myxoid chondrosarcoma who suffered multiple cerebral embolisms one year later. Cerebral angiography and aortogram did not reveal luminal stenosis and a cardiac survey was normal. Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) and a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time were detected. A molecular mimicry between prothrombin and paracrine hormones may have accounted for his LAC. A procoagulant autoantibody reacting against metastatic cancer cells may contribute to cancerous thrombosis, such as in chondrosarcoma.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed2005

RNAi mediated MMP-1 silencing inhibits human chondrosarcoma invasion.

Previous work indicates that matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) gene expression is a prognostic factor for local recurrence and metastasis in human chondrosarcoma. The current study evaluates the effects of MMP-1 knock-down via RNA interference on chondrosarcoma metastasis in vitro. Of nine siRNA oligos tested, one showed a 90% inhibitory effect on MMP-1 gene expression. Stable attenuation of MMP-1 in chondrosarcoma cells was achieved by using a plasmid vector-based siRNA system. Pronounced MMP-1 activity suppression was accompanied by marked inhibition of tumor cell invasion. Cells in which MMP-1 has been stably silenced are useful tools to elucidate the mechanism of MMP-1 mediated tumor metastasis.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma of the larynx.

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma is an uncommon malignant cartilaginous neoplasm of bone characterized by the presence of a malignant spindle cell neoplasm associated with a low- or medium-grade chondrosarcoma. Origin of this tumor in the cartilagenous framework of the larynx is very rare. A 60-year-old male with a 2-year history of hoarseness and dyspnea was examined while presenting in acute airway distress. Direct laryngoscopy revealed a mass of the right side of the larynx. Histopathologic examination revealed a malignant cartilaginous tumor with a malignant spindle cell component. We report a case of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma arising in the thyroid cartilage. This, to our knowledge, is the eleventh fully documented case of this neoplasm arising in the larynx.

Chondrosarcoma↗
PubMed1999

Orbital chondrosarcoma developing in a patient with Paget disease.

PURPOSE: To describe the radiologic, histopathologic, and cytogenetic features of an orbital chondrosarcoma developing in a patient with Paget disease. METHODS: A 64-year-old woman presented with rapidly progressive proptosis of her right eye. Computed tomographic scans, histopathologic examination, and cytogenetic analysis were performed. RESULTS: Computed tomographic scans disclosed osseous changes of the temporal and frontal bones, with areas of high density consistent with Paget disease. A soft-tissue tumor in the right lateral orbital wall was consistent with Paget sarcoma. On histology, a chondrosarcoma was diagnosed, which was confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization. CONCLUSION: This is a unique case of orbital chondrosarcoma developing in a patient with Paget disease.

Chondrosarcoma↗
PubMed2005

[Chondrosarcoma of the cricoid].

OBJECTIVE: Chondrosarcoma of the larynx is a rare neoplasm generally observed on the cricoid. The purpose of this study was to define the most appropriate surgical management depending on tumor extension and histological grade. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three males and one female were treated for chondrosarcoma of the cricoid between 1990 and 2003 in the Ear, Nose and Throat department in Tours, France. There were three grade I tumors and one grade II tumor. Tumor resection by thyrotomy was performed in two patients, total laryngectomy in one and laser desobstruction in one. RESULTS: The patient who underwent total laryngectomy remained in complete remission at five years. Among the two patients who had thyrotomy, one remained in remission at three years and the other experienced recurrence at four years and underwent a second operation. He died five years later due to another disease. Total follow-up was nine years. The patient treated by laser therapy achieved stabilization at twelve months. CONCLUSION: Computed tomography and histological grading enable choosing the best surgical procedure. Partial laryngeal surgery is indicated for small or low-grade chondrosarcomas. For large or high-grade tumors, total laryngectomy must be performed. In the event of patient refusal, laser desobstruction can provide clinical stabilization.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Chondrosarcoma metastatic to the heart.

This review summarizes the clinical manifestations and results of treatment of chondrosarcoma metastatic to the heart. Including the patient in the present report, a total of 18 patients have been reported. The most common site of cardiac metastasis was the right atrium. Dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain were the most common symptoms associated with cardiac metastases. The median time from the initial diagnosis of primary chondrosarcoma to death was 36 months, and the median time from the initiation of cardiac symptoms to death was 2 months. Treatment of primary chondrosarcoma included local radical resection in 14 patients. Treatment of cardiac metastases consisted of palliative support in 13 patients and surgical resection in 5 patients. Median survival following the development of cardiac symptoms was 2 months for patients treated nonsurgically and 18 months for those who underwent resection of cardiac metastases. The longest survival (24 and 28 months) was obtained in 2 patients with metastases confined to the heart that were successfully resected soon after development of cardiac symptoms. These results suggest that surgical resection of cardiac metastases in patients without widespread other metastases can result in substantial prolongation of life.

Chondrosarcoma↗
PubMed1997

Chondrosarcoma originating from the trachea.

We report a tracheal chondrosarcoma in a 54-year-old man, treated with neodymium:yttrium-aluminum garnet laser vaporization via fiberoptic bronchoscopy followed by surgical resection. Chondrosarcomas of the trachea are extremely rare tumors. To our knowledge, there are 9 cases of chondrosarcoma of the trachea reported in the English-language literature, to which we add the tenth.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2006

[Low-grade central chondrosarcoma: difficult diagnosis in an adolescent girl].

Central chondrosarcoma of the tibia is exceptional, particularly in young patients. Low-grade tumors raise difficult problems for histological distinction with enchondroma. We report a case of grade 1 chondrosarcoma located in the upper portion of the tibia in a 17-year-old girl. After radical surgery, outcome was favorable with no recurrence or metastasis at three years follow-up. The distinction between low-grade central chondrosarcoma and enchondroma is one of the most difficult challenges in bone pathology. Clinical, radiographic and pathological data must be considered together to reach certain diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Microtubular aggregates within rough endoplasmic reticulum: an unusual ultrastructural feature of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma.

Two extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcomas were examined by electron microscopy. In addition to the well-described ultrastructural features indicative of chondroblastic origin, both of these chondrosarcomas had unusual parallel microtubules packed within rough endoplasmic reticulum. This paper reviews the differential diagnosis of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma and discusses ultrastructural examination as a valuable adjunct in the diagnosis of this uncommon soft tissue tumor.

Chondrosarcoma↗
PubMed2001

Parafalcine chondrosarcoma: an unusual localization for a classical variant. Case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Intracranial chondroid tumors are infrequently seen in neurosurgical practice. These tumors usually arise from cartilaginous synchondroses at the base of the skull, but occasionally from the pluripotential mesenchymal cells of the meninges. We present here a case of classic low-grade giant chondrosarcoma of the falx cerebri. This is only the second case of this variant reported in this location, and we summarize the diagnostic criteria with a brief review of literature. CASE REPORT: A 56-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital with a history of progressive right-sided weakness occurring in the last 8 months and a recent grand mal seizure. Radiological evaluation demonstrated a large extra-axial mass in the left parafalcine area, suggesting a possible meningioma. An anterior interhemispheric approach enabled gross total removal of the tumor and a histologic diagnosis of a low-grade classic chondrosarcoma was made. The patient is currently stable and has shown no evidence of recurrence in more than 3 years without any adjuvant treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Intracranial cartilaginous tumors include classical, mesenchymal and myxoid chondrosarcomas in addition to benign chondromas. Parafalcine localization should be considered for all these variants as well as for meningiomas, hemangiopericytomas, solitary fibrous tumors, and meningeal metastatic carcinomas. Detailed radiological evaluation, light microscopic and ultrastructural analyses, and immunocytochemistry are essential for correct diagnosis. In contrast to mesenchymal and myxoid types, the prognosis of classic variants is usually good and does not require adjuvant treatment modalities if a radical resection of the tumor can be obtained. Increased documentation of clinical, radiological, and histologic findings as well as response to treatment modalities will provide a better understanding of the pathophysiology of these rare tumors, and highlight the optimum treatment strategies

Brain Neoplasms↗