[Case of cat scratch disease].
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Animals↗
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[Benign lymphoreticulosis (cat-scratch disease)].
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Adolescent↗
[Case of so-called cat-scratch disease].
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Cat-Scratch Disease↗
[Cat-scratch disease. A report of 4 cases and a review of the literature].
Four cases of cat-scratch diseases are here reported and a review of the literature is made. The disease, apart from its typical presentation form as a usually self-limited regional lymph node enlargement, can occasionally spread and involve several organs systems. Indirect immunofluorescence serological tests have been of help for its diagnosis and should be included among the diagnostic criteria for the disease. In particular cases, nuclear magnetic resonance can be useful to suggests the diagnosis.
Adolescent↗
[Cat-scratch disease].
OBJECTIVE: To study the etiology, epidemiology, clinical and pathological features, diagnose and treatment of cat-scratch disease(CSD). METHOD: The clinical information of 1 case was reported and the literatures were also reviewed. RESULT: Bartonella henselae was the primary pathogen of CSD. Almost all patients with CSD were in contact with animals, especially cat or dog before the occurrence of the disease. All the patients had the self-limited swelling of local lymph nodes and commonly a fever. The pathological feature was necrotic granulation-like micro abscessation, and a pleomorphous argyrophil G- bacillus could be showed by Warthin-Starry or Brown-Hopp stainings in the swelling lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: CSD is a self-limited bacterial infectious disease. And its clinical features,biopsy and special stainings of swelling lymph nodes are helpful to the final diagnosis. Gentamicin, rifadin, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, bactrim, mitramycin, or resection of swelling lymph nodes had good effects on treating CSD.
Bartonella henselae↗
Neuroretinitis associated with cat-scratch disease in Japanese patients.
PURPOSE: To clarify the prevalence and clinical profile of neuroretinitis associated with cat-scratch disease (CSD) in Japan. METHODS: Japanese patients were searched using a computer web site, Japana Centra Revuo Medicina. Location of patients, medical history, systemic and intraocular findings, treatments and visual outcome were examined. RESULTS: We reviewed 15 eyes of 14 patients, including our own case. Incidences of the disease were more common in summer than in winter and presented in the warmer parts of Japan. All patients had been previously healthy and had been exposed to cats or flea bites. Of the 14 patients, 13 (93%) had febrile illness and seven of these (54%) had lymphadenopathy. Uveitis and macular stars were observed in 11 of 15 eyes (73%). Most patients were treated with antibiotics and systemic steroids and visual prognoses were good. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical features of CSD-associated neuroretinitis in Japan are similar to those in other countries. Its distribution may correlate with the prevalence of Bartonella henselae-seropositive cats in Japan.
Adolescent↗
Improved culture from lymph nodes of patients with cat scratch disease and genotypic characterization of Bartonella henselae isolates in Australia.
Over a 4-year period we detected Bartonella henselae isolates in 104 of 297 specimens (35.1%) from Australian patients clinically suspected of having cat scratch disease by amplification of a fragment of the htrA gene. We isolated 17 B. henselae strains (20.5%) from the 83 PCR-positive human specimens available for culture. Our culture method was based on prolonged incubation in a moist atmosphere of blood agar to which hemin was added. We obtained more B. henselae isolates than the number of all other isolates from lymph nodes reported in the literature. In order to identify and study the genetic variation of Australian B. henselae isolates, we determined the sequence of a fragment of the pap31 gene from our 17 human isolates and also from 8 Australian cat isolates. Thirteen of the human B. henselae isolates belonged to the Houston genotype, variant Houston-1 (76.5%), and four belonged to the Marseille genotype, variant CAL-1 (23.5%). In contrast, seven cat isolates were classified as B. henselae Marseille, variant CAL-1 (87.5%), and one was classified as B. henselae Houston, variant Houston-1 (12.5%). Our study describes an efficient culture method for the diagnosis of cat scratch disease and contributes to the description of the genotypic distribution of B. henselae in Australia.
Australia↗
Detection of Bartonella henselae and Afipia felis DNA by polymerase chain reaction in specimens from patients with cat scratch disease.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and colorimetric identification of amplicons were performed to detect Bartonella henselae and Afipia felis DNA in specimens from patients who were clinically and histologically suspected of having cat scratch disease. PCR products were revealed using 2% ethidium bromide agarose-gel electrophoresis and identified with specific probes in a commercial colorimetric hybridization assay (DEIA) (GEN-ETI-K; DiaSorin, Italy). Six paraffin-embedded lymph node biopsies from 18 patients as well as 18 samples of peripheral whole blood and 18 sera were investigated. Bartonella henselae DNA was recovered from the whole blood of four patients, and Bartonella henselae and Afipia felis DNA were detected in one patient's lymph node biopsy. This study suggests that PCR-DEIA is sufficiently sensitive to be considered feasible for the molecular diagnosis of cat scratch disease.
Adolescent↗
Cat-scratch disease or benign lymphoreticulosis; a disease to be ruled out in the differential diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease.
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Cat-Scratch Disease↗
Unusual MRI findings after status epilepticus due to cat-scratch disease.
A 4-year-old girl with status epilepticus and severe encephalopathy associated with cat-scratch disease is described. She had prolonged seizures lasting more than 2 weeks and required treatment with pentobarbital coma. She developed unusual abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging scans that involved the thalami and the cortex of the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. She has developed a persistent encephalopathy manifesting as visual disturbance and frequent partial seizures.
Brain Damage, Chronic↗
[A case of cat scratch disease in a patient with diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure].
The article describes a case of cat scratch disease in a female patient with severe chronic pathology. This relatively rare disease was manifested by regional (in the site of microbial intrusion) lymphadenopathy, and general infectious syndrome. The presence of oncohematological process was excluded without biopsy; serologic examination with bartonella antibodies confirmed the diagnosis. Combined treatment with two antibiotics, rifampicin and doxycycline, was successful. The article stresses that general practitioners should be aware of this disease; timely diagnosis and specific treatment are of utter importance.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Cat-scratch disease occurring in three siblings simultaneously.
We report for the first time three siblings with cat-scratch disease occurring simultaneously. Case 1 was an 8-year-old boy with enlarged supraclavicular lymph nodes and fever. Case 2 was the 11-year-old sister whose presentation was a prolonged febrile illness. Case 3 was a 13-year-old male adolescent with adenitis of the neck and thigh. All three patients were treated with rifampin with improvement of their symptoms.
Adolescent↗
Atypical cat-scratch disease: diagnosis by a serologic test for Rochalimaea species.
Three patients with atypical manifestations of cat-scratch disease (CSD) had the diagnosis supported by a newly available serologic assay for antibodies to Rochalimaea henselae. Previously, CSD has been a diagnosis of exclusion because no confirmatory test was readily available. Atypical or severe cases of CSD have often required detailed (and expensive) clinical and laboratory investigation. The use of Rochalimaea-specific serologic tests may help avoid extensive diagnostic testing or invasive procedures in such cases.
Adolescent↗
Development of IgA nephritis following cat scratch disease in a 13-year-old boy.
We describe a 13-year-old boy who presented with hematuria and intermittent low-grade proteinuria at the time when he was diagnosed with cat scratch disease. Two months before presentation, he had a negative urinalysis during a routine physical evaluation. He continued to have microscopic hematuria for the next 6 months, when he developed gross hematuria and recurrence of low-grade proteinuria. The renal biopsy showed evidence of mild/moderate IgA nephropathy. We speculate that the immunological changes associated with cat scratch disease in this patient may have triggered the development of IgA nephropathy. A history or serological evidence of infection with Bartonella henselae may need to be sought in patients presenting with IgA nephritis.
Adolescent↗
Cat-scratch disease: report of a case with liver lesions and no lymphadenopathy.
The usual presentation of cat-scratch disease (CSD) is a subacute regional lymphadenitis following cutaneous inoculation. We present the case of a 10-yr-old white female with a 4-wk history of abdominal pain and fever, without associated lymphadenopathy. A 67Ga scintigram showed inhomogenous uptake by the liver. An abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed multiple low density lesions in the liver and the spleen, that were confirmed at laparotomy. Stellate microabscesses were seen on a wedge biopsy of the liver and a CSD antigen skin test was positive. CSD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of liver lesions, even in the absence of lymphadenopathy. This case emphasizes the importance of inhomogeneous 67Ga uptake by the liver.
Abscess↗
Role of cat-scratch disease in lymphadenopathy in the head and neck.
Bartonella henselae is the causative agent of cat-scratch disease (CSD), which usually manifests as acute regional lymphadenopathy. The causes of cervical lymphadenopathy, with special regard to CSD, were investigated in a study of 454 patients who presented with unclear masses in the head and neck from January 1997 through January 2001. Sixty-one patients (13.4%) experienced CSD; 54 (11.9%) had primary lymphadenopathy due to other infectious agents, and 41 (9.0%) had lymphadenopathy that occurred in association with primary infections of other organs. For 171 patients (37.7%), the cause of the cervical lymph node enlargement could not be found. B. henselae DNA was detected in extirpated lymph nodes only during the first 6 weeks of lymphadenopathy, which indicates that the results of polymerase chain reaction strongly depend on the duration of illness. CSD should be included in the differential diagnosis of adenopathy in the otorhinolaryngologic patient population, to avoid unnecessary treatment.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Diagnosis of cat scratch disease with detection of Bartonella henselae by PCR: a study of patients with lymph node enlargement.
Cat scratch disease (CSD) is mostly due to Bartonella henselae after inoculation of the organism through a skin injury. Since the causative bacteria cannot be easily cultured from human lymph node samples, the diagnosis usually relies on epidemiological, clinical, histological, and serological criteria (classical criteria). A study was performed to determine the diagnostic value of PCR analysis for the detection of B. henselae for the diagnosis of CSD and its place in the diagnostic strategy alongside the classical criteria. Over a 7-year period, lymph node biopsy specimens or cytopunctures from 70 patients were systematically tested by PCR for the presence of B. henselae DNA (htrA gene) in the Bacteriology Laboratory of the Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg. Serological testing by an immunofluorescence assay for B. henselae antibodies was also performed for each patient, and clinical, epidemiological, and histological data were collected. The patients were then divided into two groups according to the number of positive diagnostic criteria for CSD: 29 patients with definite CSD (two or more classical criteria) and 15 patients with possible CSD (less than two classical criteria). The remaining 26 patients for whom another diagnosis was retained were used as a control group. Among all criteria, PCR analysis had the best specificity (100%). The PCR assay for B. henselae was positive for 22 (76%; 95% confidence interval [CI95], 56.5 to 89.7%) of the 29 definite CSD patients and 3 (20%; CI95, 4.3 to 48.1%) of the 15 possible CSD patients. We then studied combinations of diagnostic criteria, including B. henselae PCR analysis. The best diagnostic performance was observed if at least two criteria were present among serologic, epidemiologic, histological, and molecular criteria.
Adolescent↗
Cat-scratch disease osteomyelitis.
We report on a patient who presented with osteomyelitis of a rib and adjacent abscess as a rare and atypical manifestation of cat-scratch disease. Radiographic findings showed an osteolytic lesion with adjacent mass. Biopsy, serology and polymerase chain reaction technique are essential for the final diagnosis. Prognosis is excellent with full recovery.
Adult↗