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PubMed2002

Laryngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma in a child: a case report.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a malignant tumor of the major and minor salivary glands. Because it grows very slowly, it is often diagnosed at a late stage. The combination of a delayed diagnosis and the tumor's propensity for early perineural and hematologic spread increases the risk of local recurrence and systemic metastasis, often many years after the primary tumor has been diagnosed and treated. Only 80 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the larynx have been previously reported in the literature. We report a new case of laryngeal subglottic adenoid cystic carcinoma in a 12-year-old boy.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed2001

[Adenoid cystic carcinomas invading the skull base. Apropos of 4 cases and review of the literature].

Head and neck adenoid cystic carcinomas may invade the adjacent skull base by bone lysis and/or by perinervous and perivascular spread within the skull base foramina. Neurosurgical decision making is not well defined regarding the extent of intracranial tumor component removal, as neurosurgical expertise is limited for this peculiar type of tumors. The issue is to decide whether a radical supposedly locally curative surgery should be attempted, or if a large non disfigurating surgery is mandatory, keeping in mind the frequency of local recurrences and of distant metastases. Over a 13-year period, four adenoid cystic carcinomas invading the skull base were operated on at our institution: two tumors originated in the parotid gland, one in the sphenoid sinus, and one in the ethmoid sinus. Surgical removal was total in one case, subtotal in three cases. Post-operative irradiation was delivered in the four patients (two neutron irradiation, two conventional). One patient with advanced metastatic disease was submitted to chemotherapy. Three patients died from local tumor progression and distant metastases within three years after the intracranial tumor extension has been diagnosed. The patient with an ethmoid tumor is still alive seven years after surgery without any evidence of local tumor progression nor distant metastases. Surgery remains the gold standard treatment for adenoid cystic carcinomas invading the skull base. However, in our opinion a large tumor removal, without or with bone osteotomies, but without sacrifice of cranial nerves, cavernous sinus, internal carotid artery, and of the orbit allows patient survival with an acceptable comfort and absence of psychological distress due to disfigurating surgery nor surgically induced neurological functional deficit. Post-operative irradiation may sometimes stabilize locally the lesions. The place of chemotherapy has, yet, to be determined.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Treatment outcome of resected and nonresected primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lung.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The incidence of primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lung is relatively rare and the optimal treatment strategy is still unclear. METHODS: Sixteen adenoid cystic carcinoma patients were treated at our institute from 1972 to 1998 and their clinical features, treatments and survivals were reviewed. RESULTS: Half of all patients were female and the median age was 46 ranging from 30 to 64. All primary lesions were located in the central bronchial tree and 80% of the patients had some symptoms. Eleven patients underwent a resection of the tumor with/without plasty of the trachea or bronchus. Although 6 (55%) of 11 patients had a microscopic residual tumor after resection, 5 patients who received postoperative radiotherapy survived without recurrence from 3 to 17 years. Five patients received radiotherapy as their initial treatment and all tumors responded well to the treatment. The 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 91 and 76% without local recurrence in the resected group and 40 and 0% in the nonresected group, respectively. CONCLUSION: These observations suggest that surgical resection should be selected first whenever possible, and, in addition, adenoid cystic carcinoma is sensitive to radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Primitive intracranial adenoid cystic carcinoma. A case report].

We report the case of a 50-year-old woman presenting a primitive adenoid cystic carcinoma of the middle part of skull base diagnosed by transphenoidal biopsy. She was treated by exclusive radiation therapy with cobalt 60 1.25 MeV and the dose received was 66 Gy in 33 fractions. Our patient remains alive 50 months after the completion of treatment. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a slow growing malignant tumor with perineural invasion which arises more frequently from salivary glands. The occurrence of primary intracranial adenoid cystic carcinoma is exceptional. The best treatment is radical surgery followed by radiotherapy. Chemotherapy is rarely used. Prognosis is worse than for salivary glands.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2003

[Experience in the use of present day immunomodulators for prophylaxis of exacerbations of chronic adenoiditis and development of pharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy in poor health children].

Children having frequent acute respiratory infections and chronic adenoiditis were given immunomodulators (ridostin, IRS-19, polyoxidonium). As a result of such prophylaxis, respiratory infections and exacerbations of chronic adenoiditis occurred in poor-health children 2-2.5 times less frequently. Their local immunity and nonspecific resistance improved. Thus, modern immunomodulators can be used in poor-health children with chronic adenoiditis to prevent acute respiratory viral infection and development of pharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy as well as to treat them.

Adenoids↗
PubMed2003

[Surgical treatment of primary tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma: report of 11 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of primary tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma. METHODS: The data of 11 patients with primary tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma were reviewed. The age of the patients ranged from 30 to 49 years. The tumor situated at the upper trachea in 7 patients, including 2 invading the larynx and 1 invading the cricoid cartilage; at the middle trachea in 2, and at the lower trachea in 2. The surgical procedures included tracheal sleeve resection in 5 patients, with cricoid partial resection in 1; tracheal tumor curettement in 4; cervical trachea and larynx resection and tracheostomy in 2. RESULTS: All patients had an uneventful recovery. Stoma constriction occurred in 1 patients, and relapse in 1. There was no perioperative death. CONCLUSION: For patients with primary tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma, early diagnosis and surgical treatment are recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Risk factors to develop adenoid vegetations in children].

To evaluate perinatal factors of risk to develop adenoid vegetations in childhood, 600 children were examined. Their perinatal period and health in the first year of life were investigated. 400 examinees aged 2-12 years had adenoids of the second-third degree. 200 children aged 13-14 had no history of the lymphadenoid pharyngeal ring. The degree of the studied factors impact on development of pharyngeal tonsil affection was estimated using the unifactor dispersion analysis. Correlation was found between some complications of pregnancy and labour, health problems at birth and first year of life and development of adenoid vegetations.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1992

[Combined small cell and "adenoid cystic" carcinoma of the uterine cervix].

Cervical carcinoma in a 49-year-old woman was resected and found to spread into parametrium. It consisted of a unique combination of adenoid cystic, squamous and small cell neuroendocrine structures. Small celled part revealed positivity with chromogranin A and neuron-specific enolase, neuroendocrine granules were argyrophilic and about 130 nm in diameter. Adenoid cystic and squamous parts were lacking of unambiguous neuroendocrine or myoepithelial differentiation. The patient died in 27 months due to generalization but only a small cell carcinoma without any heterogeneity was found in autopsy. Small cell and adenoid cystic carcinomas are rare and more malignant than usual cervical carcinomas.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic↗
PubMed2003

[Histopathological and immunological analysis of hyperplastic palatine tonsils and adenoids in children with coexisting atopic dermatitis].

Allergic sensitisation of the airways occurs in the mucosa of the shock organ, or in the lymphatic stations draining these structures. The lymphatic structure closest to the nasal mucosa in humans is the adenoid and tonsils. Research done in respect to Waldeyer's ring on people dealing at the same time with allergy, is seldom the subject of dissertation in polish as well as world wide medical literature. In the enclosed dissertation, writers present the results of histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of hyperplastic tonsils and adenoid, taken from children with coexisting atopy. The authors describe an immunohistochemical analyses of the hyperplastic human palatine tonsil. They present the expression of antigen CD3, CD20, CD45, CD68, EMA, SMA, Vimentin, Desmin, S-100, von Willebrand Factor, p35, Bcl-2, melanin, cytokeratin, estrogen receptor, progesteron receptor, kolagen IV and NSE in every region of pallatine tonsil. It is worthwhile to remark, that many of these cases, the presence of eosinophilia and subepithelial oedema was observed. Our immunohistochemical findings support the hypothesis that allergic sensitization takes place in the adenoid and tonsils. Furthermore, this study confirms that dendritic cells ad macrophages are involved and important in allergic disease.

Adenoids↗
PubMed2003

[The present methods of diagnosing adenoidal hypertrophy in children].

The role of enlarged adenoids and tonsils in upper airway obstruction has become well-established earlier, thus, adenoidectomy with, or without, tonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in the paediatric population. Since the difficulty to objectively assess the adenoidal tissue and the nasopharyngeal airway in children, it is necessary to find out an accurate method of measuring these structures pre-operatively. In this work, the following methods are described: recording of obstructive symptoms, transoral posterior rhinoscopic examination, radiological evaluation, such as lateral radiography of the adenoid and nasopharyngeal magnetic resonance imaging, transnasal fiberoscopic examination, acoustic rhinometry and other.

Adenoids↗
PubMed2003

[Chemotherapy with paclitaxel for lung metastases of cystic adenoid carcinoma. A case report and review of the literature].

Cystic adenoid carcinoma, which generally develops in the salivary glands, is a rare primary lung tumor. Locoregional treatment classically associates surgery and radiotherapy. Approximately half of the patients develop metastases; appropriate treatment with chemotherapy remains to be defined. We report the case of a woman who developed lung and pleural metastases of a right submaxillary cystic adenoid carcinoma. Chemotherapy with paclitaxel provided partial tumor response after three cycles. We present a review of the literature on chemotherapy for cystic adenoid carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[The influence of birch pollen on adenoid hypertrophy in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis].

The adenoid is a part of Waldeyer's ring, the basic function of which is antibody formation, they react later against a great variety of antigens. Pediatric adenoidal obstruction of the nasal airway is associated with significant morbidity and is a frequent indication for surgery, but its relationship to allergy has not been often studied. To examine the influence of atopy on the adenoid hypertrophy we studied 9 children ages 4 to 8 years, who had hypersensitivity to birch pollen and the seasonal allergic rhinitis. We conclude that allergy and sensitivity to birch pollen and probably to other kinds of alrallergens is an important risk factor for a AH in children. Therefore, early prevention of exposure to them may help reduce occurrence of AH.

Adenoids↗
PubMed2003

[Correlation between ultrastructural changes and the presence of metastases in adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary glands].

Adenoid-cystic carcinoma is a malignant epithelial neoplasm which has different histological types. Still, an open question is, whether adenoid-cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands with metastases to lympho nodes and specific micro- and macroscopic features, allows us to define their progression. A group of 46 patients with adenoid-cystic cancer of the salivary glands was studied and was subjected to histological and ultrastructural assessment. In analysed group in 12 patient metastases to lympho nodes were confirmed. In 10 cases it was solid type of tumour and in 2 canaliculars type. In tumours with metastases to lympho nodes solid types prevailed and there was no a typical cribriform type. In all cases they were found fields of mixted texture of the tumours structure.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic↗
PubMed2004

[Diagnosis, treatment and prognostic factors of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the palate].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the palate. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted in 42 patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the palate treated in our hospital from 1967 to 1998. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors were analyzed by Log Rank test. RESULTS: The overall 5-, 10-, 15-year accumulative survival rates were 85.0%, 61.8% and 28.1%, and the 5-, 10-, 15-year accumulative disease-free survival rates were 52.4%, 32.7% and 22.4%, respectively. The 5-, 10-, 15-year accumulative local recurrence rates were 25.2%, 50.9% and 73.1%, and the 5-, 10-, 15-year accumulative distant metastasis rates were 28.5%, 50.4% and 66.0% respectively. T stage, bone invasion, extent of tumor, local recurrence and distant metastasis were significant prognostic factors. Treatment method, dose and area covered by radiotherapy were related to the prognosis. CONCLUSION: Surgery alone can be done for early lesions, and combination of surgery with radiotherapy should be adopted for advanced lesions in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the palate. Radiotherapic salvage could prolong the survival of the locally recurrent patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the prostate].

OBJECTIVES: To report a new case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the prostate. METHODS: We evaluated clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and evolution of a 68-year-old patient with an adenoid cystic carcinoma of the prostate. RESULTS: The patient did not receive any of the treatments suggested by our department, having a favourable outcome for 28 months; after this period he presented abdominal metastases which where surgically excised. Adjuvant radiotherapy was indicated. CONCLUSIONS: The adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare tumor. The treatment of choice of these patients is radical prostatectomy and close follow-up.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[The case of carcinoma adenoides cysticum of the tongue, the trachea and the thyroid gland].

We present a case of a 65-year-old female patient who was for the first time admitted to the clinic in 1997 due to a tuber of the tongue root. The removed tuber turned out to be histopatologically a polymorphic adenoma. The patient was re-admitted to the Clinic in 2001 due to a tuber of the tongue and of the oral cavity bottom. The tuber was removed entirely through a central incision, and an apart hypertrophic change has been found on the posterior pharynx wall and in the scar after the tracheostomy carried out during the previous surgery. In all cases carcinoma adenoides cysticum has been found, as well as metastasis into the thyroid gland and the lungs. The patient was qualified for chemotherapy in the Institute of Oncology, which she has been going through periodically every two weeks until now. In 2002 the patient was operated on a small tuber located hypodermically in the scar after the tracheotomy, which was removed. Carcinoma adenoides cysticum was found. In November 2002, during the surgery a tumorous infiltration of the thyroid gland was found comprehending trachea and reaching the mediastenum. In February 2003 the patient was re-admitted to the Clinic due to dyspnoea caused by a significant contraction of the trachea which occurred as a result of a focus of carcinoma adenoides cysticum and significantly enlarged lymph glands near the trachea. The patient was qualified for stent placement in the Institute of Pulmonary Disease and Tuberculosis (Instytut Chorób Płuc i Gruźlicy). The presented case describes an exceptionally aggressive and polyfocal regrowth and transformation of a polymorphic adenoma into cancer.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed2005

[Anti-proliferation effect of genistein on salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line SACC-83 in vitro].

PURPOSE: To investigate the anti-proliferation effect of tyrosine protein kinase inhibitor, genistein (4'-5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone), on human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line SACC-83 in vitro, and its effect on cell cycle. METHODS: SACC-83 cells cultured in vitro were treated with genistein,cell survival rate was calculated with MTT assay, phase contrast microscope was used to observe the status of cell growth and the morphological changes in each group, and cell cycle was detected with flow cytometry. Apoptosis was detected with Annexin V/PI staining. The results were statistically analyzed by SPSS11.5 software. RESULTS: When treated with genistein of certain concentration for certain time, SACC-83 cell growths were significantly inhibited. With the increase of concentration of genistein and elongation of acting time, the inhibitory effects increased. Cells treated with genistein showed changes in morphology, cells' volume was decreased ,and suspended cells increased. Treated with 220 micromol/L genistein for 72 hours, SACC-83 cell growths were significantly inhibited, cell cycle was arrested in G2/M phase, and cell apoptosis was induced(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Genistein inhibits growth of human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line SACC-83, arrests cell cycle in G2/M phase, and induces cell apoptosis; these suggest that tyrosine protein kinase has important effect on the neoplasia and development of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2004

A case of highly aggressive adenoid cystic carcinoma of the external auditory canal.

Tumours of the external auditory canal are extremely rare and only 20% of these are of glandular origin. The most frequent histotype is adenoid cystic carcinoma. The rarity of external auditory canal glandular tumours explains the lack of large series reported in the literature and the corresponding large number of case reports from different Authors. Adenoid cystic carcinoma, presenting in the external auditory canal, exhibits the same characteristics as those affecting the major salivary glands, this tumour has an aggressive behaviour characterized by local invasivity and with a metastatic risk of approximately 30%. A rare case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the external ear is reported. The patient, a 75-year-old male, had right intermittent otorrhea for 6 years. On examination, a vegetating, ulcerated formation which easily bled was found protruding from the right external auditory meatus. Clinical, radiological and pathological features of the tumour are described. A subtotal petrosectomy combined with homolateral elective lymph node neck dissection was performed. Parotid gland, condyle of the mandible and VII cranial nerve were spared since these were free from disease.

Aged↗