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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal infection: is universal screening by culture universally applicable?

BACKGROUND: Previous assessments of maternal group B Streptococcus carrier rates in women delivering at Shaare Zedek Medical Center ranged between 3.5 and 11% with neonatal sepsis rates of 0.2-0.9/1000 live births. Because of low colonization and disease rates, routine prenatal cultures of GBS were not recommended and intrapartum prophylaxis was mainly based on maternal risk factors. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether this policy is still applicable. METHODS: We performed prospective sampling and follow-up of women admitted for labor and delivery between February 2002 and July 2002. Vaginal and rectal cultures were obtained before the first pelvic examination. GBS isolation was performed using selective broth medium and identified by latex agglutination and serotyping. Demographic data were collected by means of a standardized questionnaire. Data on the newborns were collected throughout 2002. RESULTS: Of the 629 sampled women, 86 had a positive culture and a carrier rate of 13.7%. A borderline significantly higher carriage rate was observed among mothers of North American origin (21% vs. 13.1%, P= 0.048), and a higher attack rate in their infants (3.8/1000 compared with 0.5/1000 live births in our general maternal population, P= 0.002). Eight newborns had early-onset neonatal GBS sepsis (a rate of 0.8/1000 live births), but none of them benefited from intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS: An increased neonatal disease rate was observed in a population with a higher colonization rate than previously seen. In view of the higher carrier rates, we now recommend routine prenatal screening for GBS in our perinatal population.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Microbiological study of dental clinic air at the University Hospital of the University of Sao Paulo Dental School].

The purpose of this study was to analyse the environmental microbiote and to verify its occurrence in different areas. During 3 months, from April to June 1986, several air samples of working areas of the Dental Clinic of Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo were analised. The study consisted of 10 exposures in strategically selected points during 10 minutes each, blood-agar plates and Sabouraud-agar plates. It was done the identification in genera and in some cases at species, according to the conventional methods. The plates were incubated, and the colonies isolated and identified. It was done the statistical analysis (Z test) and it was observed bigger incidence of bacteria than fungi and more diversity of the fungi than bacteria. From the Odontological health point of view, the isolated microorganisms (ubiquitous in the air) do not reveal patogenicity however the determinants of the local hygiene.

Air Microbiology↗