Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “TREMATODE INFECTIONS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Outbreak of parasitic gastroenteritis among travelers returning from Africa.

Eosinophilia and intestinal infections with a trematode parasite developed in 18 of the 20 American tourists who traveled to Kenya and Tanzania; the fact that the two other tourists also had eosinophilia suggested that they too had been infested. Because no adult flukes were recovered, a specific identification could not be made, but the eggs we observed resembled those of an Echinostoma. Several tour members had mild, nonspecific abdominal complaints, but ten had moderately severe abdominal cramps and loose or watery stools. Treatment with praziquantel was associated with rapid symptomatic improvement, and after treatment no parasitic eggs were recovered from patients' stools.

Disease Outbreaks↗
PubMed2005

Glucocorticosteroid hormone treatment of larval treefrogs increases infection by Alaria sp. trematode cercariae.

In many amphibian species, an apparent increase has occurred in the prevalence of limb deformities caused by parasitic trematodes. We are interested in the role of environmental stressors in increasing these infections in amphibians. One mechanism by which environmental stressors could act to increase disease prevalence is to increase circulating levels of glucocorticosteroid hormones, which are released in response to stressors and can be immunosuppressive. In the present study, we treated gray treefroZg tadpoles (Hyla versicolor) with exogenous corticosterone, which is the main glucocorticosteroid "stress" hormone in amphibians. We then exposed treated tadpoles to Alaria sp. cercariae and scored the number of mesocercariae that successfully infected the tadpoles. In addition, we assayed one function of the immune response by counting the number of circulating eosinophilic granulocytes, which are thought to be important in immune responses to macroparasites. Tadpoles treated with exogenous corticosterone developed higher parasite loads than control tadpoles did, and they had lower numbers of circulating eosinophilic granulocytes. These results provide evidence of glucocorticosteroid-mediated immunosuppression in tadpoles that may help to explain apparent increases in the numbers of trematode-induced deformities in amphibian populations during recent decades.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microsporidian infection in the cyst wall of Trematode metacercariae encysted in fish.

Microsporidian infection is reported in Liza ramada (Risso), Mugilidae, from Bardawil Lagoon, Mediterranean coast of Sinai, in the fibroblasts of the metacercarial capsule of Heterophyes heterophyes (Siebold). Infection of the metacercarial cyst resulted in an hypertrophy of the cyst wall and degeneration and eventual death of the encapsulated metacercaria.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Changing patterns of infection with digenetic larval trematodes from fresh-water fish in river Taewha, Kyongnam province.

Recent patterns of infection with digenetic larval trematodes in fresh-water and brackish-water fish were studied in three locations of the river Taewha during the period from April to October 1988, and compared with the data reported previously in the same river. Of 16 species of fish examined, the encysted larvae of Cyathocotyle orientalis were found most frequently from 9 species of fresh-water fish. The metacercariae of Echinochasmus sp., Metacercaria hasegawai and Metagonimus yokogawai were found 8 species, those of Clonorchis sinensis from 7 species, and Exorchis oviformis and Metorchis orientalis from 5 species of fish. The infection rates of fish with C. sinensis metacercariae were not lower than those reported in 1980, wheres their intensity of infection was found lowered in 3 species, Coreobagrus brevicorpus, Gnathopogon atromaculatus, and Puntungia herzi. The infection rates of 3 species of fish with M. yokogawai metacercariae were lower than the results in 1982, while the rate was higher in 2 species, Zacco platypus, and Z. temmincki, and rather stationary in Plecoglossus altivelis. The intensity of infection in several species of fish appeared rather higher than in 1980. the encysted larvae of C. orientalis, Echinochasmus sp., E. oviformis and Metacercaria hasegawai showed variations in infection rates of fish in 1980 and in the present study. It was found that the rate of infection with digenetic larval trematodes in fresh-water fish was still relatively high in the river Taewha, and the metacercarial burden in the fish varied greatly by different fish in 1980 and in the present study.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

Transmammary infection of newborn by larval trematodes.

Newborn cats and mice became infected with Alaria marcianae if they nursed from females that had been experimentally infected with the parasite. All lactating females showed mesocercarial stages in their mammary glands. This may be the first trematode found to undergo transmission through the mammary glands under experimental conditions. Similarities in the behavior of mesocercariae in humans and in the mouse suggest that an infected human female might infect her infant if she elected to nurse it.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Pathology and first report of natural infections of the eye trematode Philophthalmus lachrymosus Braun, 1902 (Digenea, Philophthalmidae) in a non-human mammalian host.

The avian eye trematode Philophthalmus lachrymosus Braun, 1902 is for the first time referred naturally occurring in a non-human mammalian host. Previously, natural infections with P. lachrymosus and other species of Philophthalmus have been occasionally reported from man, with few data on experimental infections of non-human mammals. Results presented here are related to the report of two cases of philophthalmosis due to natural infections of wild Brazilian capybaras, Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris L., 1766 with P. lachrymosus and associated pathology. Clinical signs, gross and microscopic lesions as well as new morphometric data on the parasite are presented.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Immune responses during the acute stages of infection with the intestinal trematode Echinostoma caproni.

This study investigated the nature of the immune response of C57BL/6 mice infected with the trematode Echinostoma caproni. To determine the preferential development of either a Th1 or Th2 cytokine pattern during early stages of infection, cytokine production by spleen and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells during the first 3 weeks of infection was followed. Whereas spleen cells failed to respond to antigen stimulation, MLN cells produced IFN-gamma and to a lesser extent IL-4. IL-5 levels were elevated throughout the period studied. The humoral response was consistent with a Th1 cytokine pattern as antigen-specific IgG2a antibodies were preferentially developed. We investigated whether IFN-gamma is critical for establishment of E. caproni infection. Worm burden in infected mice treated with a single injection of anti-IFN-gamma mAb was significantly reduced compared to that of animals treated with a control antibody.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Antibodies in the serum of golden hamsters experimentally infected with the intestinal trematode Echinostoma caproni.

The serum antibody response in golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) infected with the intestinal trematode Echinostoma caproni was examined with ELISA, SDS-PAGE and Western blot, and IFAT techniques. All methods showed that the hamsters responded slowly but developed a clear positive humoral response to the infection. In most hamsters, an antibody response to infection could not be detected earlier than 11-13 weeks after infection with 6 or 25 metacercariae, and responses were weak when compared to previous results from mice infected with the same parasite. IFAT with positive hamster sera on live juvenile E. caproni showed only fluorescence at the posterior tip, which is a different pattern from that seen using from infected mice, indicating a different response to antigens on the juvenile parasites by these two hosts. The results are discussed in relation to the limited selfcure and development of resistance which is observed in golden hamsters infected with E. caproni.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Alterations in Biomphalaria glabrata plasma induced by infection with the digenetic trematode Echinostoma paraensei.

Alterations in the noncellular hemolymph components of M line Biomphalaria glabrata snails infected with the trematode Echinostoma paraensei for 1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 30, or 60 days were monitored by direct microscopical examination, and by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in conjunction with quantitative densitometry. A prominent particulate substance was first noted in the hemolymph of infected snails at 1 day postexposure (PE), persisted through day 15, and subsided by day 30. This substance, which was not observed in control snails, contained 2 major polypeptides of 190-200 and 80-120 kDa. Infection with E. paraensei also induced substantial changes in soluble hemolymph polypeptides. PAGE lanes loaded with plasma samples from M line snails infected for 4, 8, 15, and 30 days exhibited a generalized increase in staining intensity relative to controls. A diffuse band centered at approximately 100 kDa, but of variable width, was selectively enriched relative to control preparations in snails with 4-, 8-, 15-, and 30-day-old infections. Standard protein assays also indicated an increase in total protein content of plasma samples from snails infected for 2-60 days, with significant increases noted at 4, 8, and 30 days. Infected snails of the 10-R2 strain of B. glabrata also contained particulate material in their hemolymph. However, soluble hemolymph components of 10-R2 snails exhibited relatively little change, or declined, as a result of infection. For either strain, no new bands could be detected in plasma samples from infected snails, nor were any bands consistently deleted as a result of infection. Although both snail strains exhibit alterations in hemolymph components as a result of infection, their responses differ qualitatively and quantitatively.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1994

[Immunobiology of snails infected with developmental stages of digenetic trematodes].

Susceptibility of snails to infection with larvae of digenetic trematodes is determined by: degree of infectivity of a parasite race, causal ecological factors, and efficiency of defence reactions. In the article indications of resistance and immunity of these animals to such infections are presented, with regard to mechanisms of cellular and humoral forms of the immunological response. Some aspects of altered by a parasite dynamics of defence reactions of a host, like: occurrence of opportunistic infections (development of the immunological tolerance state for homo- and heterologous reinfections), adaptive immunity, and cases of survival of parasitic larvae in naturally resistant snails are discussed.

Animals↗