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Results for “Sulfur Compounds”

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PubMed1980

[The effect of sulfur compounds (N-acetylhomocysteine-thiolactone and penicillamine) on liver collagen metabolism in chronic thioacetamide poisoning].

The influence of N-acetyl-homocysteine-thiolactone (AHCT) and penicillamine on experimental thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis was investigated. TAA causes an increase in liver collagen content, which can partly be prevented by penicillamine and AHCT. This prevention is most effective, when the TAA-intoxication started earlier than the therapy with these two substances. The therapeutic effect of penicillamine is achieved by an inhibition of collagen biosynthesis and cross-linking (with an increase in the easily soluble collagen fractions). In the case of AHCT the inhibition of pathological collagen synthesis in experimental liver fibrosis cannot be explained by disturbed collagen cross-linking or increased collagen solubility. Whether collagen synthesis is inhibited and/or other influences of AHCT are present has still to be analyzed.

Acetamides↗
PubMed1996

Odorous constituents of ovine milk in relationship to diet.

The neutral volatile compounds of ovine milk from ewes fed on natural pasture, grass meadow, and on mixed grain rations were isolated by distillation under vacuum and then collected in traps that were cooled with liquid nitrogen. The distillate was extracted with dichloromethane, and the extract obtained was analyzed using high resolution gas chromatography and high resolution gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Seventy compounds were identified and quantitatively determined. The volatile compounds obtained were mainly esters, aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, nitrogen compounds, sulfur compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, and lactones. The olfactometric indices and olfactory properties of 16 compounds were determined by gas chromatography and olfactometry. All of the substances were present in all three milk types with the exception of two sesquiterpenes, which were not detected in the milk from ewes fed the mixed grain ration. The two sesquiterpenes were absent also in ovine cheese obtained from milk from ewes fed the mixed grain ration, but the two sesquiterpenes were identified in cheese produced from milk of sheep fed on natural pasture. The presence of these constituents in the milk can be significant because of their potential role in determining milk and cheese flavor. Accordingly, cheese obtained during summer may be identified using sesquiterpenes as chemical markers of the milk used to make cheese.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The analgesic efficacy of sulfur mud baths in treating rheumatic diseases of the soft tissues. A study using the double-blind control method].

Changes in pain thresholds assessed in 16 trigger points were traced in two randomly selected groups of patients subjected to diluted mud baths in the presence or absence of sulfur compounds. Sulfur baths produced a significant lowering of pain sensitivity. The effect was augmenting with the number of procedures, the rise slowing down to the end of the course.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Distribution of sulfur-containing compounds in the gasoline range petroleum products].

A capillary gas chromatography coupled with sulfur chemiluminescence detection (GC-SCD) method has been developed for detailed analysis and group-type characterization of sulfur compounds in gasoline range petroleum products. Chemical treatment of the samples was carried out using selective reactions for group-type classification of compounds. A total of 107 sulfur compounds were tentatively classified and identified based on standard substances and retention rule. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of retention times were no more than 0.25%. The quantitative analysis on major sulfur compounds and total sulfur was carried out based on the linear response of sulfur chemiluminescence detector and the internal standard method. The recoveries were in the range of 96% - 115%. For the sulfur-containing compounds whose concentration exceeded 7 mg/kg, the RSDs of the determination were less than 8.9%. Various types of gasoline were analyzed and their sulfur distributions were investigated using the developed method. The results show that the method can be used to separate, identify and quantitate sulfur-containing compounds.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1994

A laser Raman spectroscopic study on the interaction of alkylmercury with thiol and sulfur-containing compounds.

The interaction of the methylmercury cation with sulfur compounds in aqueous solution at physiological pH was studied by laser Raman spectroscopy. Metal binding is shown to occur preferentially at the sulfhydryl group of sulfur compounds. Raman frequencies of S-Hg stretching of the one-to-one methylmercury-sulfhydryl or sulfur-containing complexes were observed at approximately 330 cm-1. There was no frequency shift when ligands were exchanged. However, the relative intensity (I S-Hg/I C-Hg) was different. The relative intensities of MeHg-thioglycerol, MeHg-cysteine and MeHg-2-mercaptobenzothiazole were 0.18, 0.43 and 0.62, respectively. Methyl-mercury shifted from combination states of lager relative intensity to ones of smaller relative intensity. These results may cast light on the distribution and excretion mechanisms of methylmercury in the human body.

Cysteine↗
PubMed1999

Mechanical effects and volatile sulfur compound-reducing effects of chewing gums: comparison between test and base gums and a control group.

OBJECTIVE: Chewing gum may act as a masking or a therapeutic agent against the different chemical compounds that are responsible for oral malodor. An open-label exploratory study investigated the effect of mastication and aromatic components of chewing gum on reducing oral volatile sulfur compounds. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Twelve dental students (5 males and 7 females) acted as their own controls. Toothbrushing stopped 12 hours before observations. Measurements included organoleptic and volatile sulfur compound scores and the pH of the anterior and posterior zones of the dorsal tongue. Measurements were made at 9 AM and 12 PM on 1 day for 3 successive weeks; week 1, no gum (control); week 2, test gum; week 3, unsweetened gum base. This open-label study was then completed by an observer-blind study, according to the same schedule; the recorded measurement was the plaque index. RESULTS: The pH, volatile sulfur compounds, and organoleptic scores were similar for all groups. The pH was more basic in the posterior part than in the anterior zone of the dorsal tongue, irrespective of time and presence or absence of chewing gum. In addition, the volatile sulfur compound score rose transiently immediately after the test gum, and the organoleptic score fell in the first hour only after the test gum. The two chewing gum groups seemed to have a greater reduction in plaque index than did the control (no gum) group. CONCLUSION: Chewing gum may have a valuable mechanical role in cleaning dental surfaces, and the test gum may temporarily control bad breath. After 3 hours, similar volatile sulfur compound scores were observed for subjects who chewed either test or unsweetened gum base and control subjects.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2004

Analysis of sulfur-containing compounds in crude oils by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with sulfur chemiluminescence detection.

This paper reports an analytical method for separating, identifying, and quantifying sulfur-containing compounds in crude oil fraction (IBP-360 degrees C) samples based on comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with a sulfur chemiluminescence detector. Various sulfur-containing compounds and their groups were analyzed with one direct injection. 3620 peaks were detected including 1722 thiols/thioethers/ disulfides/1-ring thiophenes, 953 benzothiophenes, 704 dibenzothiophenes, and 241 benzonaphthothiophenes. The target sulfur compounds and their groups were identified based on the group separation feature and structured retention of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography as well as standard substances. The quantitative analysis of major sulfur-containing compounds and total sulfur was based on the linear response of the sulfur chemiluminescence detector using the internal standard method. The sulfur contents of target sulfur compounds and their groups in 4 crude oil fractions were also determined. The recoveries for standard sulfur-containing compounds were in the range of 90-102%. The quantitative result of total sulfur in the Oman crude oil fraction sample was compared with those from ASTM D 4294 standard method (total S by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry), the relative deviation (RD%) was 4.2% and the precision of the method satisfactory.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

Phytogrowth-inhibitory activities of sulfur-containing compounds. II. The inhibitory activities of thiosalicylic acid and dihydro-2(3H)-thiophenone-related compounds on plant growth.

Thiosalicylic acid (I) showed rather strong inhibitory activity on the growth of roots of all plants treated except Abelmoschus esculentus Moench at the concentration of 5.0 x 10(-4) M. This compound strongly inhibited the growth of the root of Echinochloa utilis Ohwi et Yabuno even at the low concentration of 5.0 x 10(-5) M. Dihydro-2(3H)-thiophenone (VII) also exhibited inhibitory activity on the growth of roots of all plants treated except Glycine max Merrill. Both compounds inhibited the germination of seeds of some plants at the concentration of 1.0 x 10(-3) M. In I-related compounds (I-V), methyl acetylthiosalicylate (IV) had the strongest inhibitory activity, while in VII-related compounds (VII-XI), 4-hydroxy-2(5H)-thiophenone (VIII) showed the most potent inhibitory activity. The amount of chlorophyll in the cotyledon of Brassica campestris L. subsp. rapa Hook. f. et Anders treated with all compounds except tetrahydrothiophene (XI) was lower than that of the control group.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid↗
PubMed2003

Determination of sulfur-containing compounds in diesel oils by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with a sulfur chemiluminescence detector.

This article reports an analytical method for separating, identifying and quantitating sulfur-containing compounds and their groups in diesel oils (170-400 degrees C) using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with a sulfur chemiluminescence detector. The identification of target compounds and their groups was based on standard substances, the group separation feature and tile-effect of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography. The quantitative analysis on major sulfur compounds and total sulfur was carried out based on the linear response of sulfur chemiluminescence detector and the internal standards method. The results of total sulfur determination in the samples were compared with those from ASTM D 4294 standard method, the R.S.D. percentage were <6.02%, correctness of this method can meet the industrial requirement. To the end, the method developed was used to investigate the sulfur-containing compounds in different diesel oils, the result shows that the distribution of sulfur-containing compounds in diesel oils from different process units are apparently different. The sulfur compounds in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), residuum fluid catalytic cracking (RFCC) diesel oils mainly exist in the form of alkyl-substituted dibenzothiophenes that add up to about 40-50% of the total sulfur, while this number is only 6-8 and 20-28% in visbreaking (VB) and delayed-coking (DC) diesel oils, respectively.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1992

Control of the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin by clinically used sulfur-containing compounds.

Several clinically used sulfur-containing compounds were examined as potential antagonists for the nephrotoxicity of cis-platin in Sprague-Dawley rats. The compounds studied were biotin, captopril, cefoxitin, cephalexin, the sodium salt of penicillin G, sulfathiazole, and thiamine hydrochloride. Biotin, captopril, cephalexin, and sulfathiazole were found to have a significant effect in reducing the nephrotoxicity of cisplatin when administered simultaneously with cisplatin via an intravenous route in the rat. Biotin was the most effective in providing renal protection and sulfathiazole the least effective, based upon BUN, serum creatinine values, and weight changes, though all four of these compounds provided a considerable measure of protection against the typical cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The effect of the simultaneous administration of cisplatin with biotin, cephalexin, and sulfathiazole was examined on the antitumor activity of cisplatin toward the L1210 murine leukemia in the DBA/2 mouse and the Walker 256 carcinosarcoma in the rat. With the L1210 murine leukemia no loss of antitumor activity was found for any of the compounds. With the Walker 256 carcinosarcoma some loss of antitumor activity was found with biotin. Both biotin and sulfathiazole are shown to be promising candidates for use in the suppression of the adverse effects of cisplatin, and other sulfur-containing compounds currently in clinical use may have equivalent or superior properties in this respect.

Animals↗