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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Physico-chemical properties of swine vesicular disease virus].

Titration of SVDV on primary pig kidney cell cultures revealed a plating efficiency of less than or equal to 0,9 X 10(-3). Concentration and purification of the SVD-Virus propagated on pig kidney cell cultures were done by chloroform treatment, adsorption, differential- and density gradient centrifugation. The following physical parameters were found: SVDV is an isometrical RNA-virus having a diameter of 25,1 +/- 1,0 nm. It is resistent to the action of chloroform, ether and pH. The virus has a sedimentation coefficient of 156 +/- 3S and a bouyant density in CsCl of 1,33 +/- 0,01 g/ml. Within the family of picornaviruses the SVDV belongs to the subgroup of enteroviruses and can be distinguished from the foot-and-mouth disease virus by the difference in pH-sensitivity and bouyant density in CsCl.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Swine vesicular disease in Great Britain.

The State Veterinary Service in Great Britain has encountered considerable difficulty in eradicating SVD. For the last four years confirmed outbreaks have been mainly confined to one region, linked directly to outbreaks in that region, or have occurred as isolated cases related to the feeding of swill. The surveillance effort to locate subclinical disease has far surpassed that of any other country. There is no doubt that the introduction of SVD into any country which adopts a stamping-out policy for FMD and does not vaccinate, could present similar problems to those experienced by Great Britain.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

An unusual presentation of suspected oedema disease of swine in Kenya.

From a group of 11 recently weaned pigs, 4 were reported to be sick. Clinical examination of the sick pigs revealed marked dyspnoea, bluish-red discolouration of the skin, incoordination and difficulty in walking. Bacteriological examination of the gut contents of 2 pigs that had died earlier yielded pure cultures of haemolytic Escherichia coli. Post mortem examination of the remaining 2 pigs that died subsequently revealed progressive pulmonary collapse. One of these also showed subcutaneous oedema of the head and marked oedema of the mesentery of the spiral colon and oedema of the brain. Microscopically there was pulmonary alveolar collapse and degenerative changes in the liver. On the basis of the clinical signs, isolation of haemolytic E. coli and the post mortem findings, a diagnosis of oedema disease was made.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Pathogenesis of edema disease in swine: pathologic effects of hemolysin, autolysate, and endotoxin of Escherichia coli (O141).

Hemolysin, cell-free autolysate, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) prepared from Escherichia coli (O141) were parenterally administered to 113 weaned pigs. Both the hemolysin and the cell-free autolysate were crude preparations which probably contained several biologically active substances. Pigs in all groups which die less than 72 hours after injection had similar gross and microscopic lesions. The pigs which survived (chronically affected pigs) were killed 3 to 12 days after injection. Of the pigs that lived more than 72 hours after injection, those given hemolysin and autolysate had generalized vascular myolysis and fibrinoid necrosis, whereas those given LPS had morphologically normal blood vessels. The vascular changes produced by hemolysin and autolysates of E coli (O141) were the same as the histologic angiopathy of naturally occurring edema disease of pigs. The LPS produced acute lesions of endotoxin shock in the pigs, but did not produce the angiopathy characteristic of edema disease. Typical clinical signs of naturally occurring edema disease were not a consistent observation in any of the treatment groups.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Role of the dermonecrotic toxin of Bordetella bronchiseptica in the pathogenesis of respiratory disease in swine.

Bordetella bronchiseptica is one of the etiologic agents causing atrophic rhinitis and pneumonia in swine. It produces several purported virulence factors, including the dermonecrotic toxin (DNT), which has been implicated in the turbinate atrophy seen in cases of atrophic rhinitis. The purpose of these experiments was to clarify the role of this toxin in respiratory disease by comparing the pathogenicity in swine of two isogenic dnt mutants to their virulent DNT(+) parent strains. Two separate experiments were performed, one with each of the mutant-parent pairs. One-week-old cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pigs were inoculated intranasally with the parent strain, the dnt mutant strain, or phosphate-buffered saline. Weekly nasal washes were performed to monitor colonization of the nasal cavity, and the pigs were euthanized 4 weeks after inoculation to determine colonization of tissues and to examine the respiratory tract for pathology. There was evidence that colonization of the upper respiratory tract, but not the lower respiratory tract, was slightly greater for the parent strains than for the dnt mutants. Moderate turbinate atrophy and bronchopneumonia were found in most pigs given the parent strains, while there was no turbinate atrophy or pneumonia in pigs challenged with the dnt mutant strains. Therefore, production of DNT by B. bronchiseptica is necessary to produce the lesions of turbinate atrophy and bronchopneumonia in pigs infected with this organism.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inheritance of a new bleeding disease in a herd of swine with Willebrand's disease.

A herd of swine affected by Willebrand's disease was begun in 1967 at the Mayo Clinic in order to study the inherited hemostatic abnormality in swine as a model for the human disease. Affected individuals have bleeding times in excess of 15 minutes, extremely low levels of Willebrand factor (less than or equal to 0.25 percent of normal), and decreased levels of VIII coagulant activity. Individuals with long bleeding times, higher levels of Willebrand factor and normal levels of VIII coagulant activity began to appear in the colony. It is hypothesized that this new (N) condition is inherited as a simple autosomal recessive (N/n) at a locus separate and independent of the similarly autosomal recessive (A/a) von Willebrand locus. In addition, the Willebrand locus is epistatic to the N locus, i.e., individuals will only express the new condition provided there is at least one normal allele at the von Willebrand locus. Therefore, individuals with genotype aa--are all von Willebrand phenotypically, and A-nn individuals have the new disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Neuropathology of experimental swine vesicular disease in pigs.

A total of 26 young pigs were inoculated intracerebrally, intravenously or intradermally with the UKG27/72 strain of SVD virus, grown in tissue culture, and killed two, four, eight or 16 days after exposure. Overt nervous symptoms were seen only in pigs inoculated intracerebrally, but all pigs of all groups showed a non-suppurative meningitis and panencephalomyelitis principally affecting the mid- and fore-brain. Ganglioneuritis with intranuclear inclusion bodies in perineuronal amphicytes were found to be the most consistently useful characters for distinguishing SVD from other virus encephalitides of pigs. Spinal radiculitis was a feature of the early stages of CNS involvement and lesions were found also in the optic nerve, retina and cornea.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Preventing respiratory disease in swine confinement workers: intervention through applied epidemiology, education, and consultation.

A combined epidemiological and intervention study was conducted on 207 swine confinement farmers with matched comparison subjects. The objectives of the study were to define, in detail, the nature and disease determinants in this exposed group and to explore methods of disease prevention. This 5 year prospective study included three annual medical assessments of workers and complementary work environment assessments. Between the first and second assessment periods, an in-depth educational intervention was conducted. An industrial hygiene consultation intervention was conducted between the second and third measurement periods. Outcome measurements included changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behavior following educational intervention. Additionally, the outcomes measured included changes in medical and environmental assessment over the 3 year assessment periods. Results of the baseline respiratory symptoms assessment are reported here. Nearly 20% of swine confinement workers reported chronic cough, and 25% reported phlegm (American Thoracic Society questionnaire). Both symptoms were significantly more prevalent in the confinement workers compared to a blue collar comparison group, but only phlegm production was more prevalent compared to nonconfinement farmers. Work-related symptoms were reported much more frequently than chronic symptoms (e.g., 87% of confinement workers reported work-related cough). Bronchitis as well as airways reactivity were all significantly more prevalent in confinement workers compared to nonconfinement workers. Smoking seemed to have an additive effect with confinement exposure. Bronchitis and chest tightness symptoms were reported to be more severe upon return to work after an absence of 7 days or more. Finally, 34% of workers reported episodes of organic dust toxic syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (PEARS), is related to LDV and EAV.

The genome of Lelystad virus (LV), the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (previously known as mystery swine disease), was shown to be a polyadenylated RNA molecule. The nucleotide sequence of the LV genome was determined from a set of overlapping cDNA clones. A consecutive sequence of 15,088 nucleotides was obtained. Eight open reading frames (ORFs) that might encode virus-specific proteins were identified. ORF1a and ORF1b are predicted to encode the viral RNA polymerase because the amino acid sequence contains sequence elements that are conserved in RNA polymerases of the torovirus Berne virus (BEV), equine arteritis virus (EAV), lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV), the coronaviruses, and other positive-strand RNA viruses. A heptanucleotide slippery sequence (UUUAAAC) and a putative pseudoknot structure, which are both required for efficient ribosomal frameshifting during translation of the RNA polymerase ORF1b of BEV, EAV, and the coronaviruses, were identified in the overlapping region of ORF1a and ORF1b of LV. ORFs 2 to 6 probably encode viral membrane-associated proteins, whereas ORF7 is predicted to encode the nucleocapsid protein. Comparison of the amino acid sequences of the ORFs identified in the genome of LV, LDV, and EAV indicated that LV and LDV are more closely related than LV and EAV. A 3' nested set of six subgenomic RNAs was detected in LV-infected cells. These subgenomic RNAs contain a common leader sequence that is derived from the 5' end of the genomic RNA and that is joined to the 3' terminal body sequence. Our results indicate that LV is closely related evolutionarily to LDV and EAV, both members of a recently proposed family of positive-strand RNA viruses, the Arteriviridae.

Abortion, Veterinary↗