Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “SELF CONCEPT”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Three methods for studying developmental change: a case of reading skills and self-concept.

AIMS: First, to introduce and compare three statistical methods for investigating development as a cumulative process: a simplex model, latent growth curve analysis, and clustering by cases. Second, to investigate the developmental dynamics of reading skills, and self-concept of reading ability, across the first year of primary school. SAMPLE: One hundred and five (61 boys, 44 girls) 6- to 7-year-old children from four first-grade classes in two primary schools participated in the study. METHOD: Children were studied three times during their first school year using an identical set of measurements: a Reading Skills Test and the Self-Concept of Ability scale. RESULTS: A uni-construct 'Matthew' effect was found for the development of self-concept, but not for the reading skills. However, the results showed that there was a multi-construct cumulative cycle between children's reading skills and their self-concept. CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous use of variable- and person-oriented methods in developmental research seems to be a valuable approach, which not only provides a proper way to investigate the cumulative developmental cycles but also an option to examine how large a proportion of the sample follows the positive and negative pattern found in variable-oriented analyses.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Psychology of computer use: XXXV. Differences in computer users' stress and self-concept in college personnel and students.

104 college students and 88 college faculty/staff at a midwestern university completed a questionnaire composed of the Computer Hassles Scale, a measure of computer users' stress, somatization/anxiety items from the Symptoms Checklist-90, a measure of stress reactions, and the Revised Personal Attribute Inventory, a measure of self-concept. Correlations indicated that for students there was a significant negative relationship between computer users' stress and self-concept (r = -.30), while for faculty/staff there was a significant positive relationship (r = .28). Regression analyses showed that self-concept moderated the relationship between computer users' stress and stress outcomes for only the faculty-staff sample. The moderator effect was interpreted using Linville's 1987 "buffering hypothesis," which suggests that persons with higher scores on self-concept are less prone to experience stress-related outcomes like somatization/anxiety symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Instruction in developmental psychology and its influence on self-concept.

This study was designed to explore the influence of a unit of instruction in developmental psychology upon the self-concept and academic achievement of 13-year-old adolescents. Participants were 82 junior high school students in British Columbia. Forty-three students received ten 45-minute instructional sessions dealing with the principles of adolescent development; 39 students served as a control group. It was concluded that the unit of instruction did not significantly improve self-concept. The short duration of treatment was identified as the most probable factor in the failure to achieve change. A positive relationship was established between the achievement scores on the knowledge test of developmental psychology and self-concept.

Achievement↗
PubMed1987

An investigation of verbal interaction, knowledge of sexual behavior and self-concept in adolescent mothers.

Variables commonly considered to be major factors in contributing to the incidence of adolescent pregnancy may be only part of the total pattern. This study sought to examine the adolescent mothers' communication with significant others and their knowledge about sex, pregnancy, and birth control methods. Self-concepts of the adolescent mothers were compared with those of the published norms of the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale. The study included 23 adolescent mothers between the ages of 13 and 19 who were gravida 1 as indicated by their medical records. They were given a questionnaire constructed from previous research. They also completed a communication scale and the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale. The findings of the present study indicated that most adolescent mothers considered their communication with their parent mothers to be one of mutual understanding. However, it appears that most adolescent mothers obtain much of their information about sex, pregnancy, and birth control methods from significant others. The self-concepts of these adolescent mothers were lower in comparison to the norm. The results indicate a need for further research in the area of adolescent sexual development, sex education in the school, and increased involvement of parents in the communication of sexual mores.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Self-concept and IQ as predictors of remedial success in children with learning disabilities.

Twenty-five children with learning disabilities (LD) in the auditory-linguistic realm participated in the present study over two academic years. The purpose of the experiment was to test whether IQ and self-concept were significant predictors of learning ability. IQ was found to have no relationship to the children's learning ability, whereas self-concept predicted patterns of successful achievement in spelling, arithmetic, and written language, but not in visual word recognition. The results were interpreted as support for the "specificity" presumption in LD, but also as support for the importance of self-concept as possibly a primary cause of academic underachievement. The paper develops a remedial model of LD that accounts both for the interplay of self-concept and cognition in learning and for the fundamental implications of the specificity principle.

Achievement↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Behavioral and bodily self concept changes after assertive training. A pilot study.

The study aims at finding correlations between the development of assertiveness through assertive training and the modification of the bodily self concept (or body image). Eleven social phobic patients (6 women, 5 men, mean age 31.5) are treated in two groups and measured by Rathus's assertiveness schedule, and Osgood's semantic differential (key concepts: my self, my body, my voice, my gestures, my look; control concept: a table). At post test and follow-up (between 6 and 9 months), an ANOVA shows a significant positive change in assertiveness (p 0.001), correlated with modifications in bodily self concept. The patients are rating their body and their look as more active and stronger, but the body is perceived as more dangerous (p 0.05). No change appears in the other key concepts and the control concept. The interrelation between behavioral and cognitive changes are discussed.

Agoraphobia↗
PubMed1989

[Survey of what dental students feel regarding their profession (3). The relation with their self concept].

The present survey was undertaken to find out how dental student feel about their profession and what type of the self concept they have. The subjects were 263 students in the 5th and 6th grades of dental school, Aichi-Gakuin University. The pattern of self concept as dental students or dentists was classified into three types, based on a survey of twenty statements test. These types were positive, negative and neutral. The results were as follows: 1. In both the 5th and 6th grades, statements about "present satisfaction as a dental student", in the 5th grade, "progress of university entrance examination", and in the 6th grade, "feelings about the scholastic side of dentistry", were strongly related to their type of self concept. But in both the 5th and 6th grades, there were few related statements about "the motive for entering the dental school" and "occupational choice after graduation". 2. In the result of the multivariate analysis Discriminant Analysis by the Second Class of Hayashi's Quantifying Theory, those students who were graded as "positive" had the following characteristics: (1) Regarding entrance examinations, they took only one examination for dental school when they entered. (2) When choosing dentistry as their occupation, they had not thought of it as a "self supporting occupation" or "occupation of high social standing". (3) Their present interest is learning about dentistry. (4) After their graduation from dental school, they would like to be professional dentists or, a practicing dentists or students of clinical dentistry in the hospital of the dental school.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The relationship of sex role to self-concept.

Investigated the relationship of sex role in 136 Ss as measured by the Bem Sex Role Inventory to measures of self-concept and overt anxiety. Persons who rated themselves low in both masculine and feminine attributes were found to have significantly poorer self-concept than both androgynous and masculine Ss, which suggests that this group should be distinguished from high-high scorers labeled as androgynous. There was no significant difference in self-concept between masculine and androgynous Ss, and the masculine group reported significantly lower levels of anxiety. These findings support a previous contention that it is the presence of masculine attributes rather than a balance of masculinity and femininity that is crucial to personal adjustment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Prediction of treatment response in pain patients: the illness self-concept repertory grid and EMG feedback.

Eighteen patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain completed a trial of EMG feedback where each subject was exposed to biofeedback, a control condition and a waiting list. Pain scores were determined pre- and posttrial, and the percentage change calculated for each subject. EMG activity and present pain measured during the trial gave an EMG/pain correlation for each patient. A repertory grid was completed by each patient at the pretrial evaluation. Repertory grid technique is a highly flexible way of measuring subjective data such as attitudes. The specific test used involved the patient in rating a series of 6 self-concepts across 8 'constructs' or concepts concerning illness and emotional distress. The resulting matrix of 48 ratings was analysed to produce a measurement of 'distance' between the self and ideal-self concepts. The major finding was that the self-ideal-self distance was significantly positively correlated with pain score changes by rank correlation. The self-ideal-self distance is essentially a measure of self-satisfaction or dissatisfaction and the results imply that patients who show a relatively greater degree of self-dissatisfaction are more likely to respond well to EMG feedback. In addition, patients with high EMG/pain correlations had a better outcome and this measure also correlated with pain scores. The relationship between self-concepts and EMG/pain correlations is discussed. The Illness Self-Concept Repertory Grid appears capable of predicting treatment outcome and shows promise as a prognostic tool.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

How are social identities linked to self-conception and intergroup orientation? The moderating effect of implicit theories.

Social identity approaches assume that social identification affects both self-conception and intergroup orientation. The authors contend that such social identification effects are accentuated when people hold a fixed view of human character and attribute immutable dispositions to social groups. To these individuals, social identities are immutable, concrete entities capable of guiding self-conception and intergroup orientation. Social identification effects are attenuated when people hold a malleable view of human character and thus do not view social identities as fixed, concrete entities. The authors tested and found support for this contention in three studies that were conducted in the context of the Hong Kong 1997 political transition, and discussed the findings in terms of their implications for self-conceptions and the meaning of social identification.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Involvement in Special Olympics and its relations to self-concept and actual competency in participants with developmental disabilities.

The current study examined the relations among components of a physical activity program, Special Olympics (SO), and the self-concepts (i.e., perceived physical competence, social acceptance, and general self-worth) and adaptive behaviors of individuals with developmental disabilities. This research can assist in the development of theoretical models of how physical activity programs can be implemented to effect psychological change. Participants consisted of a randomly selected group of 97 individuals with developmental disabilities, between 9 and 43 years of age, and their parents. Participants' self-concepts and adaptive behaviors were measured both by direct interview and parental report. Examined program components consisted of the length of time affiliated to the organization, number of competitions attended, of hours spent in training, of sports, and of medals obtained. Multiple regression analyses suggest relations between specific components of SO and participants' self-concepts and adaptive behaviors. These relations highlight the importance of competition and sport for individuals with developmental disabilities.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between self-concept and successful rehabilitation.

One hundred fifty-seven spinal cord injured (SCI) individuals from three SCI centers were tested to investigate the relationship between self-concept and adjustment to rehabilitation. It was hypothesized that strong positive correlations would be found that neither time since injury nor level of injury would be a factor. The Tennessee Self-Concept Scale (TSCS) provided a measure of self-concept. Criteria for differentiating adjustment into a six-point scale was used by nurses to assess rehabilitation success. Thirteen subsets of the TSCS correlated significantly with the nurses assessment. A norm deviate score from the TSCS showed P less than .001. Variables of sex, inpatient/outpatient and time since injury were not significant; however, level of injury was slightly significant.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2005

Obesity, self-complexity, and compartmentalization: on the implications of obesity for self-concept organization.

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between obesity and structural aspects of the self-concept was examined in adult women. Participants were 119 adult women [age range: 18-73, M=26.9; body mass index (BMI) range: 16.2-54.7, M=27.3] who completed measures of self-esteem, self-complexity, and the spontaneous self-concept. BMI was associated with less complex and more compartmentalized self-knowledge and more frequent mention of weight-stereotypic traits as self-descriptive. The findings are discussed in the context of research on obesity- related stigma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Feedback and self-concept in high school students.

This study examined the relationship between self-concept and feedback in high school seniors. Students evaluated themselves on ten traits, and were asked to then have five significant others evaluate them on the same ten traits. After reviewing their average feedback scores, students again evaluated themselves. Results indicated a strong relationship between feedback and self-concept for all traits, with none indicating a stronger relationship than any other.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Behavioral adjustment and self-concept of young children with hemangiomas.

This study was conducted to determine the behavioral responses and self-concepts of young children with self-limited but transiently disfiguring capillary hemangiomas involving the head and neck. Nineteen children with hemangiomas, age 3 to 5 years, and their parents were compared with an age-matched control group without lesions. Responses to a parental checklist, informal interview, and self-concept test showed few differences between young children with hemangiomas and those without this neoplasm.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

Rorschach Egocentricity Index and self-concept in children and adolescents.

In a sample of 65 child and adolescent psychiatric inpatients, the hypothesized relation between the Egocentricity Index from the Rorschach and standard self-report measures of self-concept was not supported. Although the sample as a group had a markedly low mean Egocentricity Index, self-reported self-concept was at a normative level. The validity of the Egocentricity Index and self-report measures of self-concept is discussed, and guidelines for their interpretation are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Self-concepts of Costa Rican elementary school children.

The Martinek-Zaichkowsky Self-concept Scale was administered to 797 Costa Rican children in Grades 1 to 6. A three-way analysis of variance and Scheffé tests, used in conjunction with a 7 x 6 x 2 factorial design, showed significant differences between school types based on enrollment, grades, and sex. The highest self-concepts were found in the first grade and girls. Children in schools with enrollments under 50 scored significantly lower than those in larger schools. Findings were discussed in relation to literature for children in the USA.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Self-concept and sexuality of spinal cord injured women.

Differences in perceived self-concept and sexual response before and after spinal cord injury were examined. Twenty-four women between the ages of 20 and 40 completed a questionnaire and participated in a brief taped interview. Most of the women viewed themselves as very or somewhat attractive and had been involved in a sexual relationship since injury. The majority viewed sexual relationships as very enjoyable, although many commented that changes in bowel and bladder function had inhibited sexual expression. The need for more effective sexual counseling was highlighted. A trend was noted for an interrelationship between sexuality and self-concept in adapting to acquired disability.

Adult↗