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PubMed1994

Functional and anatomical results after rotator cuff repair.

The anatomic condition of the rotator cuff and the functional results obtained were studied in a homogeneous series of 100 full thickness cuff tears in 98 patients with an average followup of 4 years. Constant's functional score, used by the European Society for Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, was done preoperatively and postoperatively in each patient, in addition to ultrasonography at followup. There was a close correlation between the anatomic condition of the cuff and Constant's functional score before surgery (p = 0.0063) and after repair, irrespective of the type of tear repaired (p = 0.0012) or the sonographic appearance of the cuff at followup (p = 0.0001). Ultrasonography showed 65% intact cuffs, 11% intact but thinned cuffs, and 24% recurrent defects. Three predisposing factors for recurrence were noted: size of tear to be repaired (p = 0.0001) accounted for 57%, age (p = 0.063) for 25%, and degree of occupational use for 18%. The functional results obtained were more related to the anatomic condition of the repaired cuff at followup than to the tear size at surgery. Predictive clinical factors for recurrence included overall Constant's functional score, reduced ability to perform daily activities, reduced active flexion, abduction and external rotation, and loss of muscular strength. Constant's functional score reflected the functional results with accuracy, reliability, and reproducibility. Additional ultrasonography appears necessary to specify the exact size of the recurrent defect and to distinguish between certain anatomic types, such as thinned cuffs, which can give rise to difficult problems in manual workers after defect repair.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2004

Quantitative DNA fingerprinting may distinguish new primary breast cancer from disease recurrence.

PURPOSE: Approximately 10% of women with breast cancer develop a second breast tumor, either a new primary or a recurrence. Differentiating between these entities using standard clinical and pathologic criteria remains challenging. Ambiguous cases arise, and misclassifications may occur. We investigated whether quantitative DNA fingerprinting, based on allele imbalance (AI) or loss of heterozygosity (LOH), could evaluate clonality and distinguish second primary breast cancer from recurrence. METHODS: We developed a scoring system based on the AI/LOH fingerprints of 20 independent breast tumors and generated a decision rule to classify any breast tumor pair as related or unrelated. We validated this approach on eight related tumors (cancers and synchronous positive lymph nodes). Finally, we analyzed paired tumors from 13 women (bilateral cancers, primary tumors and contralateral positive axillary lymph nodes, or two ipsilateral tumors). Each pair's genetic classification was compared with their clinical diagnosis and outcome. RESULTS: Each independent cancer had a unique fingerprint. Every tumor pair's relationship was quantifiable. Six of eight related tumor pairs were genetically classified correctly, two were indeterminate, and none were misclassified. Among the 13 women with two cancers, four of five clinically indeterminate pairs could be classified genetically. In three of 13 women, the pair's classification contradicted the clinical diagnosis. These women had bilateral cancers genetically classified as related and disease progression. This challenges the paradigm that bilateral cancers represent independent tumors. Overall, women with tumors genetically classified as related had poorer outcomes. CONCLUSION: Quantitative AI/LOH fingerprinting is a potentially valuable tool to improve diagnosis and optimize treatment for the growing number of second breast malignancies.

Alleles↗
PubMed2007

Suppressive therapy with valacyclovir in early genital herpes: a pilot study of clinical efficacy and herpes-related quality of life.

BACKGROUND: Suppressive therapy has not been studied during the first year after acquisition of genital herpes, the time of maximum frequency of reactivation, potential for transmission, and impact on quality of life. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of suppressive therapy with valacyclovir initiated within 3 months of infection. STUDY DESIGN: The authors conducted a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial of 1.0 g valacyclovir daily versus placebo for 6 months in 119 patients. RESULTS: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 and HSV-1 were documented in 75 and 22 patients, respectively. In intention-to-treat analysis, annualized rates of symptomatic recurrences for valacyclovir and placebo, respectively, were 1.7 +/- 2.7 (mean +/- standard deviation) and 3.4 +/- 4.0 outbreaks per year (P = 0.012). Time to first recurrence was 80 +/- 47 days for valacyclovir and 54 +/- 49 days for placebo (P = 0.001). The differences in favor of valacyclovir were greatest in patients with confirmed HSV-2 infection. The Recurrent Genital Herpes Quality of Life score in HSV-2 infected patients rose 11.9 +/- 11.1 points for valacyclovir and 5.9 +/- 9.1 points for placebo (P = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS: Early suppressive therapy with valacyclovir reduces symptomatic recurrent outbreaks, especially in patients with HSV-2 infection. Valacyclovir therapy was associated with improved herpes-related quality of life.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed2000

Prediction of biochemical relapse for stage pT3 prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy.

BACKGROUND: Approximately 30% to 50% of clinically localized prostate cancers are found to be locally advanced after radical prostatectomy. Without adjuvant therapy, more than 30% of stage pT3 patients will have biochemical failure in a median follow-up of three years. Whether adjuvant therapy should be given remains controversial. Identification of prognostic indicators may be helpful to select patients at risk of biochemical failure for postoperative adjuvant therapy. METHODS: The medical records of 22 pT3 prostate cancer patients were analyzed retrospectively. Postoperative management included surveillance (7 patients), adjuvant hormone therapy (7) and radiotherapy (8). Patients were monitored every three months using serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Biochemical failure was defined as an elevation in PSA of more than 0.2 ng/ml. The clinical outcome was correlated with tumor grading, pathologic staging, preoperative PSA level, and p53 and bcl-2 status. RESULTS: Five patients (23%) experienced biochemical relapse within a median follow-up time of 52 months (range, 10-71 months). A Gleason score of 8 or more (p = 0.001) and seminal vesicle involvement (p = 0.014) were significant prognostic indicators in the univariate analysis. Patients with low preoperative PSA levels (< 20 ng/ml) had a significantly higher failure rate (p = 0.031). However, most of these patients (56%) had tumors with Gleason scores of 8 or more. Neither p53 gene mutation nor bcl-2 overexpression predicted PSA failure. Postoperative adjuvant therapy did not appear to reduce the risk of disease recurrence. In multivariate analysis, the Gleason score was the only significant factor predicting biochemical failure (p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with poorly differentiated tumors and/or seminal vesicle invasiveness are at higher risk of biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy. Our limited experience did not support the routine application of adjuvant therapy for this subgroup of patients. A larger sample size with a longer follow-up period is necessary to reach a definitive conclusion.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

The relationship between stress and acute anterior uveitis.

PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between stress and anterior uveitis using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Social Readjustment Rating Questionnaire (SRRQ). METHODS: Patients attending eye casualty with acute anterior uveitis (AAU) and suitable controls were asked to complete the GHQ and the SRRQ. A follow-up postal survey, using the same questionnaires, was repeated at least 3 months later amongst AAU patients only. Scores for the GHQ and SRRQ at initial presentation and at follow-up were compared for different groups. RESULTS: Over 12 months, 42 patients and 25 controls participated in the first stage of this study. Patients with AAU had higher GHQ scores than controls (mean 6.8 versus 3.2, p = 0.01). A total of 25 patients responded to the follow-up postal survey. At follow-up, 13 had experienced resolution and 12 had recurrence. In the group with resolution, there was a significant fall in GHQ scores (mean 6.1 versus 1.5, p = 0.0044). Patients with recurrence had higher GHQ scores than those with resolution (mean 6.8 versus 1.5, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Using the GHQ reveals a clear relationship between stress and the recurrence of AAU in susceptible individuals.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

The prognostic significance of the semiquantitatively determined estrogen receptor content of breast carcinomas. A clinicopathological study.

Response of breast carcinomas to tamoxifen treatment depends, among others, on the estrogen receptor status. The estrogen receptor content was semiquantitatively determined in immunostained sections of stage 1 and 2 cancers of patients who had undergone tumor excision, tamoxifen treatment, adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Weighted scores of the estrogen receptor content of the tumors were established by calculating the arithmetic means of the intensity of stained nuclei and the number of positively stained nuclei. Statistically, a cut-off value of > or = 2.1 signified a good prognosis; all patients whose tumors disclosed a weighted score of > or = 2.1 were alive and free of disease at the 10-year postoperative follow-up examination. On the other hand, one third of the patients whose carcinomas had a weighted score of < 2.1 presented with locally recurrent cancer, distant metastases, or both during the follow-up observation period. The statistically significant association between the patients' 10-year event-free survival and carcinomas with a weighted score of > or = 2.1 may serve oncologists in their decision making with respect to hormonal treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Validity of the Rockall scoring system after endoscopic therapy for bleeding peptic ulcer: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The Rockall scoring system was developed in unselected patients, the majority of whom did not receive endoscopic therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the Rockall system in high-risk patients who undergo endoscopic therapy for peptic ulcer hemorrhage. METHODS: Rockall scores were calculated in 247 patients with major peptic ulcer bleeding entered into a randomized trial of endoscopic therapy. The observed rates of recurrent bleeding and mortality after endoscopic therapy were compared with predicted rates derived from Rockall's study group. The validity of the Rockall system was assessed in terms of calibration and discrimination. RESULTS: Rates of recurrent bleeding and mortality after endoscopic therapy increased with an increasing Rockall score. Observed rates of recurrent bleeding and mortality were below predicted rates, and calibration of the Rockall system was poor (Mantel-Haenszel chi square = 25.8, p < 0.0001 for recurrent bleeding; Mantel-Haenszel chi square = 15.1, p < 0.0001 for death). For the prediction of recurrent bleeding, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was low (63.4%), but the system was satisfactory when predicting mortality (area under the resulting curve, 84.3%). CONCLUSIONS: After endoscopic therapy for a bleeding peptic ulcer, the Rockall scoring system can identify patients at high risk of death, but it is inadequate for the prediction of recurrent bleeding.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Pain state as artifact in the psychological assessment of recurrent headache sufferers.

The finding that recurrent headache sufferers, particularly tension headache sufferers, obtain higher scores on psychological symptoms measures than controls was replicated in 262 recurrent (tension, mixed, and migraine) headache sufferers and 26 controls. However, closer examination of the data revealed that psychological symptoms were elevated only in patients who experienced head pain at the time of assessment. This finding raises the possibility that previously reported elevations in psychological symptoms have resulted from uncontrolled differences in the pain state of respondents. Retrospective reports of headache activity also were related to pain state. In contrast, a measure of perceived control of factors affecting headaches was unrelated to pain state. As a result, locus of control (but not psychological symptoms) successfully differentiated recurrent headache sufferers from controls even when headache sufferers were tested when pain free. These results suggest that psychological symptom measures may yield misleading results when used with individuals with pain disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Prospective application of an index of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.

Fifty-five patients were scored 1 to 3 according to the criteria: the character of stools, abdominal findings on palpation, x-ray evidence of pneumatosis intestinalis, the development of pulmonary insufficiency, and the duration of symptoms to positive x-rays. Fifteen patients with scores of less than five were considered to have subclinical NEC with one late death. Twenty-nine of 30 patients with scores of 5-10 responded to medical management with 2 deaths related to recurrent bouts of sepsis without recurrent NEC. Eleven patients required surgery with index scores of 10-14 with 6 deaths occurring uniformly in those patients with scores of 12 or more. Two patients were scored inappropriately low due to the lack of the passage of a stool for analysis. One patient with a score of 4 did not pass a stool but had the other diagnostic criteria for the single false negative of the series. This index correctly determined the severity of NEC of 53 of 55 patients, identified the patients who required surgical intervention and predicted survival.

Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous↗
PubMed2003

A prospective study of teachers' ratings of behavior problems in children with new-onset seizures.

The purpose of this study was to explore the association between seizures and behavior problems in children with new-onset seizures using teachers' ratings of behavior. Subjects were 209 children with new-onset seizures and 93 children with asthma. Teacher ratings of behavior were collected prospectively over 24 months to determine differences between children with recurrent seizures, children without recurrent seizures, and children with asthma. During the 2-year period, 155 (74%) children had at least one recurring seizure. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance both with and without covariates. Controlling for covariates, children experiencing recurrent seizures had higher Total (P=0.002) and Internalizing (P=0.018) Behavior Problems scores across all times than those not experiencing recurrent seizures. Children with asthma were similar to children not experiencing recurrent seizures. The association between seizures and behavioral problems was supported using behavioral ratings from teachers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Oncological results of 117 consecutive radical prostatectomies].

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of biochemical recurrence in patients with prostate cancer treated by retropubic prostatectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 121 consecutive retropubic radical prostatectomies performed between January 1994 and December 1997. Biochemical recurrence was defined by PSA > or = 0.2 ng/ml. Biochemical recurrence-free survival rates were calculated by the actuarial method. Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognostic factors of biochemical recurrence was performed. RESULTS: The actuarial biochemical recurrence-free survival was 71% at 5 year and 63% at 7.5 years. Kaplan-Meier analysis did not reveal any difference for the risk of biochemical recurrence between patients with doubtful margins and those with positive margins. These two groups were therefore combined. Significant risk factors on univariate analysis were: pathological stage, grade of the predominant cell contingent on the specimen, margins, highest cell grade on biopsies, clinical stage, PSA level, perineural invasion and Gleason score. Significant risk factors for biochemical recurrence on multivariate analysis were: pathological stage, PSA > 10 ng/ml, the highest grade on biopsies, positive margins and perineural invasion. CONCLUSION: Doubtful margins and positive margins appear to be associated with the same risk of biochemical recurrence. The prognostic value of Gleason grade on the specimen is higher than that of the Gleason score. A high Gleason grade on biopsies is associated with a particularly poor prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2026

Selective Omission of Oncotype Dx Genomic Testing in Ultra-Low-Risk Luminal A Breast Cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Older women with early-stage luminal A breast cancer have an excellent prognosis with a 5-year relative survival >99%. Research on curtailing overtreatment has challenged historical standards of care by reducing radiotherapy dose and volume, and selectively omitting sentinel lymph node biopsy. This study assessed the utility of Oncotype Dx genomic testing in ultra-low-risk luminal A breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A community hospital cancer registry was queried to identify consecutive breast cancer patients from 2014 to 2022. An ultra-low-risk population was defined as age &#x2265;60 years, hormone-receptor positive, HER2-negative, pathologic stage T1b-T2N0 without lymphovascular invasion, and Ki-67 &#x2264;13.25%. Analyses examined the distribution of Oncotype Dx scores categorized as low risk (0-18), intermediate risk (19-25), or high risk (26-100), as well as recurrence and overall survival. RESULTS: Of 1711 patients, 91 met ultra-low-risk eligibility criteria with available Oncotype Dx results. The median age was 70 years with a median follow-up of 5.1 years, and no patients received chemotherapy. Only 1 patient (1.1%) had a high-risk Oncotype Dx score of &#x2265;26, while 12 (13.2%) had intermediate scores and 78 (85.7%) were low risk. Five-year local control and overall survival were 100% and 93%, respectively. Ten non-breast cancer deaths occurred, and no patients developed distant metastases. CONCLUSION: We describe a pragmatic method using common clinical and pathological features to define an ultra-low-risk cohort. Older luminal A patients with favorable pathology have a very low probability of receiving a high-risk Oncotype Dx score and demonstrate an excellent prognosis with standard adjuvant therapy.

Chemotherapy↗
PubMed2005

Allograft ankle arthrodesis: a limb salvage technique for distal tibial tumors.

UNLABELLED: Allograft ankle arthrodesis using a retrograde intramedullary tibial nail is a new strategy in limb salvage for treatment of distal intraarticular tibial tumors. After tumor resection, the ankle is reconstructed using an intercalary allograft and retrograde intramedullary fixation. We retrospectively reviewed nine consecutive patients with intraarticular resection of distal tibial tumors who had allograft ankle arthrodesis reconstruction between April 1994 and August 2000. Patient charts were reviewed for: (1) local recurrence, new metastases, and survival; (2) Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score; and (3) complications or reoperations or both. Only one of nine patients had a local recurrence. Eight of nine patients achieved independent ambulation. Eight of nine patients had a Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score greater than 73%. Six of nine patients required nine additional operations. No patients required flap coverage. There were no superficial or deep infections. Allograft ankle arthrodesis is a new alternative in limb salvage for distal tibial tumors. It has oncologic outcomes (rate of local recurrence, new metastases, and survival from time of diagnosis) and functional outcomes (Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score and rates of reoperation) comparable to previously reported and accepted methods of limb salvage. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic study, Level IV (case series). See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Electrothermal capsulorrhaphy in glenohumeral instability without Bankart tear.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to review the clinical results of electrothermal capsulorrhaphy (ETC) performed on 23 patients for the treatment of glenohumeral instability at an minimum follow-up of 2 years. TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective case series. METHODS: Twenty-six patients with symptomatic unidirectional or multidirectional glenohumeral instability without Bankart tear were treated with ETC using a radiofrequency probe. No labral repairs were performed. A standard postoperative rehabilitation protocol was followed. Patients were evaluated with respect to motion, direction of instability, need for repeat surgery, return to overhand sports, and symptoms of pain and instability using various scores. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients were available for follow-up evaluation at an average of 30 months. The overall average ASES and Rowe scores were 84.2 and 79.3, respectively. Recurrent instability requiring an open stabilization procedure occurred in 4 patients (17%), 2 with anterior and 2 with multidirectional instability. Seven of 14 overhead athletes (50%) reported inability to return to their previous level. According to Rowe scores, overall results were 11 excellent, 5 good, 4 fair, and 3 poor. No postoperative nerve complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS: The ETC procedure was safely performed to treat glenohumeral instability without Bankart lesions. The recurrence rate is similar to that for other arthroscopic procedures but higher than for open surgery. In the absence of Bankart tear, patients with multidirectional instability and overhand athletes may require something other than an isolated ETC procedure to address instability. Long-term results of ETC are needed to better define its surgical indications.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A randomized comparison of the early outcome of stapled and unstapled techniques of laparoscopic total extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair.

OBJECTIVE: The need for stapling is a relative drawback of laparoscopic hernia repairs because it adds to the complications and costs. The safety of unstapled repairs as a viable alternative lacks validation, due to the dearth of analogous comparative trials. METHODS: Patients were randomized to undergo either stapled or unstapled total extraperitoneal hernia repairs. The groups were matched for age and the type of hernia repaired. Pain scores, intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, postoperative recovery, and long-term outcomes (ie, groin pain, paraesthesias, testicular atrophy, and recurrence) were studied. RESULTS: The incidence of complications, pain scores, pain trends, hospital stay, return to activity, and long-term outcomes were comparable. No recurrence has been noted at a median follow-up of 23 months in 63 hernias repaired in 49 patients. CONCLUSION: Unstapled laparoscopic hernia repair scores are equivalent to their stapled counterparts with respect to recurrence and complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Lesion-directed administration of alteplase with intracoronary heparin in patients with unstable angina and coronary thrombus undergoing angioplasty.

Percutaneous coronary revascularization in patients with unstable angina and coronary thrombus carries a high complication rate. A new strategy to reduce thrombus burden before revascularization was tested in a multicenter prospective trial. Patients with unstable angina and coronary thrombus (n = 45) received alteplase through an infusion catheter at the proximal aspect of the target lesion and concomitant intracoronary heparin via a standard guiding catheter. Angiography was performed before and alter lesion-directed therapy and post-intervention. Systemic fibrinogen depletion and thrombin activation were not observed, while fibrinolysis was evident for > or = 4 hr after treatment. Target lesion stenosis did not change significantly after lesion-directed therapy, but thrombus score was reduced, particularly among patients who had large thrombi (mean 2.2 vs. 1.6, P = 0.02). Revascularization was successful in 89% of patients. Median final stenosis was 30% and mean final thrombus score was 0.4. Complications included recurrent ischemia (11%), MI (7%), abrupt closure (7%), severe bleeding (4%), and repeat emergency angioplasty (2%). Patients with overt thrombus appeared to derive the most angiographic benefit from lesion-directed alteplase plus intracoronary heparin. Later revascularization was highly successful. This strategy may be a useful adjunct to percutaneous revascularization for patients with unstable angina and frank intracoronary thrombus.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Overexpression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces angiogenesis and deteriorates prognosis after radical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pivotal cytokine that regulates inflammatory and immune responses. Recently, many investigators reported that MIF is expressed highly in several tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role of MIF in tumor angiogenesis and patient prognosis has not been examined in patients with HCC. METHODS: The authors evaluated MIF expression in 56 samples of HCC by Western blot analysis, and the results were correlated with clinicopathologic factors and patient prognosis. MIF localization was determined by immunohistochemical methods, and the results were compared with tumor microvessel density (MVD), as assessed by anti-CD34 antibody. Furthermore, to validate the role of MIF in angiogenesis, both MIF expression during culture of HCC cells (using the Hep3B, HepG2, and Huh7 cell lines) under hypoxic condition and the angiogenic potential of recombinant MIF in an in vitro angiogenic model were examined. RESULTS: Tumors with high MIF expression had high alpha-fetoprotein levels (P = 0.049) and frequent intrahepatic recurrence (P = 0.043). Immunohistochemical MIF scores had a significant correlation with MVD (P = 0.007). Patients who had tumors with high MIF expression levels had a significantly worse (P = 0.025) disease-free survival, and this finding remained significant as an independent prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis. Hep3B cells had high expression of MIF at 6 hours and 12 hours after hypoxic stress and exogenous MIF stimulated endothelial tube formation in in vitro angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings suggest that MIF expression may play a pivotal role in the dismal prognosis of patients with HCC that may be attributable to the modulation of angiogenesis.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Loss of CD10 (neutral endopeptidase) is a frequent and early event in human prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that the aggressive LNCaP-derived androgen-independent cell line, CL1, might differ from LNCaP in their repertoire of cell surface markers and that these differences might typify changes that occur during clinical prostate cancer progression. METHODS: The cell surface marker expression profiles of CL1 and LNCaP were examined using flow cytometry. Markedly differential gene expression was confirmed using RT-PCR and further examined using immunohistochemistry among the prostate cancer cell lines LAPC-4, LNCaP, CL1, CL2, DU145, and PC-3. The expression of the most markedly differentially expressed surface marker, CD10, was further explored in a tissue microarray containing radical prostatectomy samples from 219 hormone naïve prostate cancer patients. RESULTS: There were marked differences in the expression of CD10, CD13, CD26, CD33, CD44, CD54, CD55, and CD104 between CL1 and LNCaP. Results from both the RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry confirmed the differential expression and found that CD10 demonstrated a pattern of expression in hormone sensitive but not hormone refractory cell lines. When CD10 expression was examined in a tissue microarray, CD10 expression was below the 25th percentile of matched normal prostate tissue in 68% of prostate cancers, below the median expression of matched normal prostate tissue in 86% of cancers, and completely absent in 34% of cancers. Samples of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia demonstrated CD10 expression that was intermediate between normal prostatic tissue and prostate cancer. Among prostate cancer patients, CD10 expression did not correlate with Gleason score, pathological stage, or biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that loss or decreased expression of CD10 is an early and frequent event in human prostate cancer and implicates CD10 as a potential therapeutic target for early stage hormone sensitive prostate cancer.

Aged↗