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PubMed1984

[Ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and transferrin levels in bronchial secretions of children with chronic respiratory tract diseases].

Bronchial secretions from 191 children with various respiratory diseases and from 7 healthy controls were tested for concentration of ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and transferrin. Highest protein levels were observed in children with bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis. The protein levels were correlated with the intensity of the inflammatory process.

Bronchiectasis↗
PubMed1979

Serum immunoglobulin abnormalities in patients with respiratory tract disease.

Serum immunoglobulin concentrations in patients representing four different categories of respiratory diseases are compared with each other and with an age related group of healthy voluntees. Natural immune stimulation of the respiratory tract results in a significant rise in serum IgA and IgG but not IgM. A comparision with their respective normal serum control values further indicates that the major increase is within the IgA class and, that although significant, the rise in IgG is relatively minor. The preferential serum IgA response observed in the patient population suggests that bronchial associated lymphoid tissue in the diseased lung is an important source of circulating IgA.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Identification of risk factors for infection in an outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae respiratory tract disease.

BACKGROUND: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the most common pathogens that causes community-acquired respiratory tract infection. Outbreaks are well known, and all age groups are susceptible. An outbreak in an army training unit afforded an opportunity to identify possible risk factors for morbidity. METHODS: An outbreak of respiratory illness that occurred in a unit comprising 91 trainees was investigated and analyzed as a cohort study. M. pneumoniae infection was suspected on clinical grounds and was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, culture, and serologic testing. Data regarding medical history, symptoms, signs, and laboratory tests were collected. RESULTS: During a period of 12 days, 41 soldiers (45.1%) had respiratory illnesses, of which 10 (11.0%) were pneumonia. Comparison of symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals revealed that smoking was associated with higher rates of disease (risk ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-3.2; P<.005) and seroconversion (risk ratio, 2; 95% CI, 1.2-3.4; P=.03). In multivariate analysis, both lower acute immunoglobulin G values (adjusted odds ratio, 7.8; 95% CI, 1.4-42.5; P=.018) and smoking (adjusted odds ratio, 5.6; 95% CI, 1.5-20.4; P=.01) were associated with symptomatic infection; stratification according to smoking status revealed that immunoglobulin G levels among nonsmokers were protective. Patients who had pneumonia had lower lymphocyte counts (1400+/-258 vs. 2000+/-465 cells/microL; P=.001). CONCLUSIONS: Smoking and lower preexisting immunoglobulin G levels were strongly associated with M. pneumoniae respiratory infection. These findings emphasize the importance of immunity and cessation of smoking for the prevention of disease. The high attack rate emphasizes the extent of infection transmission among healthy persons living in close contact.

Cohort Studies↗