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PubMed2002

[A phone survey of prostitute services in homes].

BACKGROUND: Home prostitution is the hidden form of commercial sex network. We had done a phone survey of commercial sexual services provided in the private flats. METHODS AND RESULTS: We had used advertisements in the section "Intim services" of local adnewspaper "Avizo" as the primary source of relevant phone numbers. "Avizo" is sold in Northern Moravia--mainly in Ostrava, Karvina and Frydek-Mistek districts. We accomplished the phone interview with 48 subjects (individual persons or groups working in the particular flat) using the set of prepared questions. Three of these subjects were male, providing commercial sex for women. We estimated the number of such private flats, number of persons working there and number of professional contacts of this type in Karvina, Ostrava districts and whole Czech republic. CONCLUSIONS: We constructed an estimate of sexual sex workers for whole Czech republic--10,200 persons, therefrom 5100 persons in 1750 private flats, who accomplish to 1.36 mil sexual contact with customers annually. Regarding the risk behaviour nearly all of interviewed subjects indicated the use of condoms; 80% of subjects reported to be HIV-tested.

Czech Republic↗
PubMed2003

South Africa: constitutional court rejects constitutional challenge to law criminalizing prostitution.

On 9 October 2002, a majority of South Africa's Constitutional Court dismissed appeals from convictions for prostitution and keeping a brothel, rejecting arguments that the law was unconstitutional. However, the minority decision, endorsed by five of eleven judges, found that the provision that made the sex worker but not the client guilty of a criminal offence was discriminatory and should be struck down.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of nonoxynol 9 contraceptive sponge use in preventing heterosexual acquisition of HIV in Nairobi prostitutes.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of the nonoxynol 9 contraceptive sponge in preventing sexual acquisition of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DESIGN: Prospective, randomized placebo-controlled trial. SETTING: Research clinic for prostitutes in Nairobi, Kenya. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS: One hundred thirty-eight HIV-seronegative women were enrolled, of whom 74 were assigned to nonoxynol 9 sponge use and 64 to placebo use. These two groups did not significantly differ with respect to demographic characteristics, sexual practices, or prevalence of genital infections at enrollment, except for a lower number of sex partners per week and a higher initial prevalence of genital ulcers among women assigned to nonoxynol 9 sponge use. Among the 116 women who returned for follow-up, the mean durations of follow-up were 14 and 17 months for the two groups, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: HIV seroconversion. RESULTS: Nonoxynol 9 sponge use was associated with an increased frequency of genital ulcers (relative risk [RR], 3.3; P less than .0001) and vulvitis (RR, 3.3; P less than .0001) and a reduced risk of gonococcal cervicitis (RR, 0.4; P less than .0001). Twenty-seven (45%) of 60 women in the nonoxynol 9 sponge group and 20 (36%) of 56 women in the placebo group developed HIV antibodies. The hazard ratio for the association between nonoxynol 9 sponge use and HIV seroconversion was 1.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9 to 3.0). Using multivariate analysis to control for the presence of genital ulcers at enrollment, the adjusted hazard ratio for the association between nonoxynol 9 sponge use and seroconversion was 1.6 (95% CI, 0.8 to 2.8). CONCLUSIONS: Genital ulcers and vulvitis occurred with increased frequency in nonoxynol 9 sponge users. We were unable to demonstrate that nonoxynol 9 sponge use was effective in reducing the risk of HIV infection among highly exposed women.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The prevalence of hepatitis B in prostitutes working at the Erzurum brothel].

In this study, 101 prostitutes working at Erzurum brothel house, considered as risk group for HBV infection, in 51 (50.5%) of them Anti-HBs, in 9 (8.9%) of them HBsAg, in 4 (3.9%) of them Anti-HBs+HBsAg were found to be positive. The results in various age groups are as follows: In the 23-27 age group 9.5% HBsAg, 42.9% Anti-HBs and 9.5% HBsAg+Anti-HBs, in the 28-32 age group; 13.1% HBsAg and 50% Anti-HBs; In the 33-37 age group 4.3% HBsAg, 52.1% Anti-HBs and 4.3% HBsAg+Anti HBs; in the age group above 38, 5.2% HBsAg, 57.9% Anti HBs and 5.2% HBsAg-HBs were found to be positive.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its relationship with other sexually transmitted diseases in a group of prostitutes from Huixtla, Chiapas].

We investigated the HIV prevalence rate in 106 female prostitutes residing in Huixtla, State of Chiapas, which is a small town in the southeastern part of Mexico, from February of 1989 to January of 1990. We used an immunoenzymatic method (Serodia). The mean age was 35 years ranging from 17 to 43. Sixty six women (62%) were from Central America, and the remainder had been born in Mexico. The HIV antibody was not detected in the women, but 39 (37%) had a sexually transmitted disease: the more frequent were condolomatosis, candidiasis, trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, and syphilis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Prostitution wishes and rescue fantasies--flight from the father. Sketches from the life of a woman ("Anna O."--"P. Berthold"--Bertha Pappenheim)].

Bertha Pappenheim, Breuer's famous patient "Anna O.," was a socially engaged, successful, Jewish women's rights advocate. The details of her biography presented here are not as well known--especially the subsequent course of her illness and treatment and her struggle against prostitution and the white slave trade, the latter carried on with special fascination. All of these show that "Anna O." left Breuer's treatment far from cured and that Bertha was entangled in a lifelong daughter-father conflict.

Catharsis↗
PubMed1990

HIV serosurveillance among prostitutes and patients from a sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Delhi, India.

Screening of 701 prostitutes in Delhi for HIV antibodies by a competitive ELISA test and supplementary Western blot test showed that only one of them was infected. Of the 4,572 samples from the patients attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic in Delhi, none showed evidence of HIV infection. In contrast to this low frequency of HIV infection in Delhi, a much higher frequency has been reported to the Indian Council of Medical Research from major metropolitan centers on the coast of India, namely, Bombay and Madras and their surrounding areas. It is possible that the infection is making inroads from these coastal areas to the interior of the country.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The current examination protocol for prostitutes at a venereal disease counseling clinic, Vienna Public Health Service].

Registered Prostitutes are seen weekly for medical examination in the STD-Clinic of the Public Health Office Vienna. 1987 no syphilis was seen in this special riskgroup. The incidence of both gonorrhoe and chlamydial infection was. Chlamydias were found 1.6 times more, as gonococcal infections. There was no evidence of HIV infection. Screening for cervical neoplasia was started in reduced. 1988 and yielded a tenfold incidence of abnormal findings, requiring conisation often than compared to preventive checkups amoung the general female population.

Austria↗
PubMed1986

[Sexually transmissible viral infection markers in female prostitutes detected by EIA tests].

Anti-HTLV-III, CMV-IgG, CMV-IgM, HSV-2 IgG antibodies and HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc antibodies detected by EIA in 40 female prostitutes. Anti-HTLV-III antibody detected none of the females. HSV-2 IgG antibodies found (+) all of the women. CMV-IgG antibodies found (+) in 19 women and CMV-IgM antibody found (+) in 1 of the women. HBsAg positivity found in 7 members. Anti-HBs and anti-HBc antibodies found (+) all of the HBsAg positive members. In 1 of the HBsAg positive female HBeAg (+) and anti-HBe antibody found (+) in 6 patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An hypothesis about heroin addiction, murder, prostitution, and suicide: acting out parenting conflicts.

From interviews with forty subjects, we have developed a preliminary hypothesis which can be refined and deepened and then tested by psychotherapeutic investigation. These murderers, prostitutes, heroin addicts and successful suicides all demonstrated various aspects of difficulty with their capacity for reciprocal tenderness. This arose from their experiences of exploitation and derprivation with their own parents. Their unique characteristics included primitive rage, insatiable demands and capacity for unconflicted manipulation. These characteristics colored the expression of their intrapsychic conflict between the wish to parent successfully and the fear of perpetrating their own childhood experiences upon their children.

Acting Out↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Syphilis in San Diego County 1983-1992: crack cocaine, prostitution, and the limitations of partner notification.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recent epidemics of syphilis have been associated with crack cocaine use and anonymous sex for drugs, suggesting a potential limitation of sex partner notification as a disease control strategy. To assess these factors in an inner city epidemic of syphilis in San Diego County, California, we performed a descriptive epidemiologic analysis. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiologic data were obtained from case investigation reports of primary and secondary syphilis. RESULTS: In the middle and late phases of the epidemic (1990-1992), the incidence of syphilis in the inner city area was more than six times that in remainder of the county. Illegal drug use was reported by 30% of patients. Drug use, especially crack cocaine, was related to prostitution. The estimated total number of sex partners per patient ratio was 4.2, whereas the named sex partners per patient ratio was only 1.5. Twenty-two percent of patients did not report any named partners. Overall, only 26% of the estimated total number of sex partners received treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Expanding partner notification to include more high-risk persons identified through social networks and increasing screening among high-risk populations may improve control of inner city drug/prostitution-related syphilis epidemics.

California↗
PubMed1993

The initial detection of human immunodeficiency virus 1 and its subsequent spread in prostitutes in Tamil Nadu, India.

To determine the prevalence of HIV-1 antibody and risk factors associated with a positive test in a heterosexually promiscuous female population, we initially screened 412 prostitutes in remand homes in three cites and three towns in Tamil Nadu state (southern India) and then tested all new entrants to one home in Vellore from 1986 to 1990. The proportion of women infected (10 of 102) from the port city of Madras was greater than from all other cities or towns combined (four of 310, p = 0.0002). The only significant risk factor for development of HIV-1 antibody was exposure to foreigners (odds ratio: 7.71; 95% confidence interval 4.2-11.2; p = 0.0004), after correcting for the influence of city. In Vellore the prevalence of HIV-1 antibody increased from 1.8% in 1986 to 28.6% in 1990, with a doubling time of 0.95 years. We hypothesize that HIV-1 infection has been introduced into India relatively recently into the heterosexually promiscuous population, where there has been some spread. Preventive measures should be urgently directed toward this population to prevent spread in the general population.

Adult↗