Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Perceptual Disorders”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Auditory perceptual problems in non-organic hearing disorder.

A series of 22 patients who presented with non-organic hearing disorder were examined for auditory perceptual problems. A test battery that examined eight areas of auditory perception revealed significant auditory perceptual problems in each of the 22 patients. The results indicate a view that differs from the traditional view of non-organic hearing disorder as either conscious feigning of a hearing disorder or an unconscious symptom of an unidentified emotional disorder. The information presented here indicates that specific auditory processing disorders could adversely affect patients' hearing and that auditory perceptual disorders could be diagnosed and treated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Perceptual defense in anxiety disorders.

Prior research by MacLeod and Rutherford (1992) indicates that anxious subjects could have perceptual strategies different from nonanxious subjects. 42 verbal stimuli of six types (disease, social anxiety, panic, agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive, and neutral) were tachistoscopically presented to three groups of subjects, aged 18 to 60 years: Panic Disorder group (n=21: 13 women and 8 men), and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder group (n=20: 14 women and 6 men), recruited from an outpatient clinic, and a Control group (n=22: 14 women and 8 men), recruited among students and hospital staff. The times required for correct identification were generally longer for anxious subjects but quicker for stimuli specifically related to their disorder. The data could indicate a two-step perceptual strategy or two distinct ways of perceiving, usually, a generalized perceptual defense for a majority of anxiety-loaded stimuli, but also a selectively facilitated processing for stimuli specific to the disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Disturbed auditive perception (author's transl)].

Disturbed auditive perception on its own, but even more frequently combined with other partly decreased cerebral functions is almost regularly found in children with speech disorders. They must be recognized and treated along with speech therapy. A report on the difficulties in comprehending this perception deficit neurophysiologically as well as on recent models of categorial hearing of speech is given. In practice such disturbances become relevant if speech disorders appear along with normal audiometric results. The exact observation of such children indicates the existence of disturbed auditive perception: Confusing of words of similar sound, constant asking for repetition, difficult acquisition of local-adverbs, missing of parts in a series of instructions and others.

Auditory Perceptual Disorders↗
PubMed1979

Mechanisms underlying hemispatial neglect.

If patients with left-sided hemispatial neglect bisect lines incorrectly because hemianopia or sensory hemiinattention prevents them from seeing how far the line extends to the left, a strategy that ensures their seeing the left side of the line in their normal field should improve performance. If patients have hemispatial hypokinesia, moving the line toward the normal half of body space should improve performance. Six patients with left-sided neglect from right hemisphere infarctions were required to identify a letter at either the right or the left end of a line before bisecting that line. The task was given with the lines placed at either the right, the center, or the left of the body midline. Performance in trials when subjects were required to look to the left before bisecting a line did not differ from when they were required to look right. Performance was significantly better when the line was placed to the right side of the body than to the left. These observations support the hypothesis that patients with hemispatial neglect have hemispatial hypokinesia. An alternative hypothesis is that these subjects had a hemispatial memory defect. Although they saw the left side of the line in their normal field, they were incapable of forming a stable trace and performed as if they did not see the left side of the line.

Dominance, Cerebral↗
PubMed1982

Childhood autism from the point of view of behavioral neurology.

Analysis of the abnormalities present in autistic patients, using standard methods of clinical inference, leads to the conclusion that the manifestations of childhood autism correlate best with the manifestations of dysfunction in the frontal tier of the ring of phylogenetically older cortex located on the mesial surface of the frontal and temporal lobes ("mesocortex" or "mesolimbic cortex") and with the manifestations of dysfunction in the striatum. These structures are distinctive in ways that suggest possible etiologies. The observations and inferences that lead to these conclusions are outlined and are supplemented by data from recent studies by the authors. Emphasis is placed on disorders of motility, communication, and attention and perception.

Attention↗
PubMed2006

[Is there a correlation between low-level auditory processing and phonological processing in preschool children?].

BACKGROUND: It appears to be widely accepted that specific language impairment (SLI) and developmental dyslexia result from some form of phonological deficit. Some theorists contend that these deficits are directly and exclusively caused by a cognitive deficit specific to representation and processing of speech sound. However, separate theories hold that phonological deficits indeed may cause SLI or dyslexia but phonological deficits arise due to sensory, mainly auditory, deficits. Here we studied if there is a correlation between two hotly debated measures of auditory low-level processing and measures of phonological processing in preschool children. METHODS DESIGN: prospective study. SAMPLE: preschool children. VARIABLES: monaural and binaural temporal order judgement (TOJ(b) and TOJ(m)), several standardized measures of broad and narrow phonological processing (Bielefelder Screening BISC). STATISTICS: correlation analysis. RESULTS: A significant correlation was found between TOJ(b)/TOJ(m )and phonological processing. However, these data show that "impaired" TOJ(b) and TOJ(m) is neither a necessary nor a sufficient prerequisite for impaired phonological processing. DISCUSSION: Although TOJ(b) and TOJ(m) as measures of auditory low-level processing show a correlation with some measures of phonological processing, the precise nature of mechanisms leading to SLI or dyslexia still remains an unsolved problem.

Articulation Disorders↗
PubMed2006

Can spectro-temporal complexity explain the autistic pattern of performance on auditory tasks?

To test the hypothesis that level of neural complexity explain the relative level of performance and brain activity in autistic individuals, available behavioural, ERP and imaging findings related to the perception of increasingly complex auditory material under various processing tasks in autism were reviewed. Tasks involving simple material (pure tones) and/or low-level operations (detection, labelling, chord disembedding, detection of pitch changes) show a superior level of performance and shorter ERP latencies. In contrast, tasks involving spectrally- and temporally-dynamic material and/or complex operations (evaluation, attention) are poorly performed by autistics, or generate inferior ERP activity or brain activation. Neural complexity required to perform auditory tasks may therefore explain pattern of performance and activation of autistic individuals during auditory tasks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

An assessment technique for children with auditory-language processing problems.

The purpose of this study was to develop a new multilayer clinical assessment technique to evaluate auditory-language processing abilities in children. Following a 90-min in-service workshop on auditory-language processing problems, 46 nonhandicapped first-, second-, and third-grade students were referred by their classroom teachers for an evaluation of auditory-language processing abilities. Twelve "normally" achieving first-, second-, and third-grade students were randomly selected as controls. Standardized and nonstandardized measures included a pure tone and impedance test, selected subtests of the Clinical Evaluation of Language Functions (Linguistic Concepts, Relationships and Ambiguities, Oral Directions, Spoken Paragraphs, Word Associations, and Model Sentences), the Goldman-Fristoe-Woodcock (GFW) Memory for Sequence Test, Sound Mimicry Test, Sound-Symbol Association Test, and the GFW Test of Auditory Discrimination. Nonstandardized measures included an Observational Profile of Classroom Communication and an informal language sample. Results indicated 87% of 46 (n = 40) children were identified as having auditory-language processing problems. In-service training was an effective means to heighten teachers' awareness for referring subjects. Additionally, the Observational Profile of Classroom Communication was an effective procedure for teachers to systematically observe and document communication behaviors in the context of the classroom.

Auditory Perceptual Disorders↗
PubMed2005

Auditory backward masking deficits in children with reading disabilities.

Studies evaluating temporal auditory processing among individuals with reading and other language deficits have yielded inconsistent findings due to methodological problems () and sample differences. In the current study, seven auditory masking thresholds were measured in fifty-two 7- to 10-year-old children (26 diagnosed with reading disability [RD], 26 without reading disability). Hierarchic multiple regression analyses indicated that RD status predicted performance only in the backward-bandpass noise (p<.05) and backward notched-noise conditions (p<.05), suggesting both temporal and spectral auditory processing deficits. These results suggest that any auditory deficit associated with RD may be more complex than previously hypothesized.

Attention↗
PubMed2006

Speech perception in preschoolers at family risk for dyslexia: relations with low-level auditory processing and phonological ability.

We tested categorical perception and speech-in-noise perception in a group of five-year-old preschool children genetically at risk for dyslexia, compared to a group of well-matched control children and a group of adults. Both groups of children differed significantly from the adults on all speech measures. Comparing both child groups, the risk group presented a slight but significant deficit in speech-in-noise perception, particularly in the most difficult listening condition. For categorical perception a marginally significant deficit was observed on the discrimination task but not on the identification task. Speech parameters were significantly related to phonological awareness and low-level auditory measures. Results are discussed within the framework of a causal model where low-level auditory problems are hypothesized to result in subtle speech perception problems that might interfere with the development of phonology and reading and spelling ability.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Defective revisualization: dissociation between cognitive and imagistic thought case report and short review of the literature.

A 38-year-old shifted-sinistral patient displayed a definite deficit in visual imagery accompanied by defective dreaming capacity, loss of hypnagogic imagery, some defects in topographical memory, a mild unilateral right spatial neglect and mild difficulties in right-left orientation on the examiner's body. CT-scan and NMR studies showed evidence of an inborn hypoplasia of the right hemisphere and a stretched corpus callosum in its posterior and superior part. The vicarious compensatory action of the cognitive-verbal function of the defect of visual imagery was obvious. It is concluded that: there are various forms of visual imagery deficits: some are "pure" whereas in the great majority of reported cases the loss of visual imagery is associated to different forms of visual agnosia; the brain mechanisms underlying cognitive thought and imagistic thought could be obviously dissociated.

Adult↗