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401 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Discrimination reversal learning in rats under the treatment of chlordiazepoxide: effect of overtraining].

A total of 48 rats were run in a black-white discrimination (original) learning task to the learning criterion of 18/20 correct responses. Correct responses were rewarded by food and a non-correction method was used. One group was intraperitoneally injected with 15 mg/kg of chlordiazepoxide (CDP) and the other with physiological saline (SAL), 30 min prior to the beginning of the daily trials. For half of the rats (NOT) of each group, reversal learning began on the next day after reaching the criterion, and for the other half (OT), 100 additional trials(overtraining) were given before the reversal. The results showed that CDP as well as overtraining significantly retarded the reversal learning. CDP had no effect on the original learning. Further analysis of the data revealed that perseverative errors early in the reversal increased significantly under the conditions of CDP and overtraining, but trials to criterion after the first occurrence of the correct response were not affected by both CDP and overtraining. These results were discussed in terms of CDP's disinhibitory action and overtraining reversal effect in such relatively easy discrimination task as in the present experiment.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The over-reinforced conditioned reflex--a highly adaptive behavioral system].

Specialized (according to Pavlov) instrumental alimentary conditioned reflexes (CR) were studied after extremely prolonged training (2500-3000 pairings). It was established that these CR were characterized by extremely rapid extinction (till 15-20 absences of instrumental reaction after only 2-7 presentations of non-reinforced conditioned stimulus, despite the classical statement on difficult extinction of consolidated CR) independently of typological features and level of alimentary motivation of animals. The results obtained allow us to set aside such reflexes as a special category of CR which are underlined by neurophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms distinct from those of commonly used in experimental practice less trained CR. The phenomenon described may be interesting in studying the processes of learning and long-term memory.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The relearning time of rats in a radial maze elicited by the revolving alteration of extra-maze markers].

A new approach was applied to evaluation the errors in the course of learning of rats in 12-arm radial maze (RM). The number of repeated erroneous visits of the last six arms ("late errors") decreased only after a decrease in the number of repeated erroneous visits of the first six arms ("early errors"). This points to insufficiency of using the common index of the mean error for evaluating learning ability in the RM. Change in the character of errors in the operative and space memory was studied in the RM-conditioned rats after disruption of the relations between the intra- and extra-maze markers. This disruption was reached by rotation of the RM by 180 degrees after rat's visiting of 5 arms during its stay in the 6th one. It was found out that rats were able to recognize the changes in the extra-maze markers caused by the RM turn and to relearn within 4-5 days.

Adaptation, Physiological↗