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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Pattern and process of growth of the abnormal human fetus.

Identifying patterns of fetal growth alteration benefits both the clinician and the researcher. Twenty-four measurements in three variable sets (anthropometric measures, organ weights, and long-bone measures from radiographs) were taken on fetuses both with and without pathological conditions that are suspected to result in growth alteration. In addition, radiographs of each case were examined for the presence or absence of ossification centers. Based on least-squares regressions of the normal group, we calculated standardized residuals for the affected group to identify patterns of growth alteration. A large sample of fetuses between 15 and 42 weeks of gestational age with a variety of pathological conditions is described and evaluated for growth alterations. Symmetric and asymmetric growth alteration was detected in a small part of the sample and was predominantly isolated to fetuses in the late third trimester. Although patterns of growth alteration have been suggested as a means for noninvasive diagnoses of syndromes (such as trisomy 21), no consistent patterns are discernible in the current group. The sample provides a unique opportunity to evaluate fetal growth in terms of the interaction between genetic and environmental influences.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Osteogenic metaplasia or residual embryonic endometrial ossification?].

There are only about 90 cases described in the literature of the presence of an intra-uterine osseous structure--so the condition is not a common one. Often the aetiology is unknown. The purpose of this work is to describe the clinical picture and the anatomo-pathological characteristics on one form which leaves practically no doubt as to how the presence of bony structures in the uterus arise. We call this residual endometrial-ossification (O.R.E.) and note osteogenic or osseous metaplasia. We define O.R.E. as the presence of an osseous structure inside the uterus which does not arise from metaplasia of the cells of the endometrium.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1983

Aspects of the pathology of stifle bone cysts in the horse.

The gross and histological appearance of subchondral bone cysts in six Thoroughbred or partbred horses is described. The lesions were all situated in the centre of the medial femoral condyle and were not associated with any other damage to the articular surface of the femorotibial or femoropatellar joints. In three cases the cysts were unilateral but had an early non-cystic lesion present in the opposite stifle. All the cysts had a narrow channel at their distal extremity which communicated with the femorotibial joint. The more recently developed ones were fluid filled and contained fibrous strands, while those in the older horses contained dense fibrotic detritus. No signs of significant ossification of the cysts were detected. The likely pathogenesis of these lesions is discussed in the light of the pathological findings.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Cervical myelopathy due to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the cervical spine may be a cause of cervical myelopathy. This ossification has often been encountered in Japan, but only sporadically among the Caucasian races. It is therefore probable that racial factors are relevant to the pathology. During the past four years, due to the routine use of computerised axial tomography (CAT) in the pre-operative study of cervical myelopathy, we were able to show that in 13 cases stenosis of the vertebral canal was due to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. This was visible in the standard radiographs in only two out of these 13 cases. The clinical data, diagnostic criteria and results of treatment are reported. This is the largest series yet reported outside Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Ossification in a soft tissue embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

We describe the previously unreported finding of ossification within a rhabdomyosarcoma of the extremity in the absence of bone destruction. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a highly malignant tumor but could not be radiographically differentiated from benign or other malignant causes of soft-tissue masses containing calcium. Definitive diagnosis and thus appropriate therapy requires prompt pathologic examination.

Female↗
PubMed1992

[A case of primary intraneural ossification of the ulnar nerve].

The authors report a case of ossification of the ulnar nerve at the elbow. The dense bone tissue spread into the interfascicular space while the epineurium and the fasciculi were undamaged. The pathological tissue was removed and the patient recovered. No similar report has been found in the literature.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Spinal cord injury--update.

In summary, many questions still need to be answered about spinal cord injury. Research into newer methods of care are still important for the future of these persons. We would all like to see a cure. We must not be satisfied, however, with the status quo of care until a cure is possible. Our goals of care, gadgetry, and research must be geared to meet the needs of our patients and not the egos of health professionals and researchers. In other words, make the care, the machine, and the research fit the person, for after all, we are talking about people with spinal cord injury.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1992

Cochlear implants in children: reliability of computed tomography.

Preoperative temporal bone computed tomography (CT) can demonstrate anatomic details relevant to surgical management and is therefore essential in the presurgical evaluation of patients receiving cochlear implants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate preoperative CT studies and compare them to surgical findings in 34 children who received the Nucleus multichannel cochlear implant. The focus of this report is to discuss the dependability of CT scans in predicting surgical findings at the time of cochlear implantation. Results indicate that agreement of CT interpretations with surgical findings is partially related to the etiology of hearing loss and the experience of the surgeon and neuroradiologist. Advantages and limitations of the CT scans in predicting surgical findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Scintigraphy of benign exostoses and exostotic chondrosarcomas.

Technetium-99m diphosphonate scintigraphy of 11 benign exostoses and nine exostotic chondrosarcomas was correlated with pathologic macrosections of the resected tumors. Increased uptake in benign exostoses occurred in areas of enchondral ossification, and uptake in chondrosarcomas occurred in areas where ossification, osteoblastic activity, and hyperemia were found. Uptake was not related to amorphous cartilage calcification. Radiopharmaceutical uptake, therefore, correlated with areas of ossification visible radiographically, and large masses of nonossifying cartilage were not detected. Radionuclide bone imaging did not contribute to the preoperative anatomic evaluation of these tumors, and it did not always distinguish benign from malignant lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pseudomalignant myositis ossificans in children. Description of a case and review of the literature.

The authors report a rare case of pseudomalignant myositis ossificans occurring during childhood. A female aged 10 years with no previous history of trauma came to their observation with findings of pain and progressive swelling in the gluteal region. The severity of the clinical findings and the absence of characteristic ossification in the x-rays obtained at the onset of the disease suggested that neoplastic pathology be excluded. Diagnosis (bone scan, CT scan, MRI, angiography, biopsy) and the progression of the disease, until its complete clinical resolution, are discussed in light of a review of the literature (44 cases of pseudomalignant myositis ossificans during pediatric age). All of the elements that may be of help in diagnosis and capable of avoiding surgical procedures that are either untimely or improper are emphasized.

Child↗
PubMed1996

[Relationship between time of ossification center appearance and hip joint development stage using Graf's method].

The aim of this paper was to relate time of the ossification center appearance and development stage according to Graf. Retrospective analysis included 4546 sonograms in children from 1 to 6 months of age and 1252 sonograms in 313 healthy newborns. An earlier appearance of the ossification center was found in females (7 weeks against 10 weeks of life in males). Statistically significant relationship was found between the delay in the ossification center appearance time and hip dysplasia. The delay exceeding 6 months is suggestive of serious pathology and complications in later stages of hip development.

Female↗
PubMed1998

[Computed tomography diagnosis of symptomatic ossification of the thoracic flaval ligaments].

We report two rare cases of prominent ossified ligamenta flava of the thoraco-lumbar junction. The first case presented with thoracic myelopathy diagnosed by spinal MRI. The definite diagnosis and the nature of the T10-T11 compressing process was established by spiral CT with multiaxial reconstruction and the patient was treated by laminectomy. In the second case the ossifications were found on a lateral lumbar X-ray and confirmed by spiral CT with multiplanar reconstructions. The pathology was essentially confined to the lateral portion of the T12-L1 ligamenta flava resulting in stenosis of the formaina only with respect of the central canal. The current literature is reviewed and the major role of CT for the diagnosis of such rare calcifying process of the spine is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Osseous metaplasia of the spinal dura mater in a Great Dane.

A 4-year-old male Great Dane with a history of progressive ataxia and associated bilateral atrophy of the muscles of the shoulder was found to have severe osseous metaplasia of the spinal dura mater. These dural ossifications were directly associated with underlying spinal cord degeneration. No other condition could be identified that would account for the pathologic changes in the spinal cord. The lower motor neuron (LMN) type weakness was in contrast to the upper motor neuron (UMN) type weakness said to occur with this disease and recently reported to be due to primary degenerative myelopathy.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (D.I.S.H.)].

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (D.I.S.H.) is a common disorder of unknown aetiology characterized by exuberant hyperostosis of the antero-lateral aspect of the spinal column, that sometimes leads to bone ankilosis, and by ossification of extra-spinal entheses. This condition is often associated with the metabolic derangement of type 2 diabetes. Primary hypertension, its cardiovascular aftereffects and lithiasis are also often present in these patients. D.I.S.H. has to be distinguished from osteoarthritis, although they often coexist in the same patient. The mean difference lies in the anatomical target of the pathological process, that is represented by articular cartilage in osteoarthritis and by entheses in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. The enthesopathy leads to the ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament of the spine and causes the formation of flowing osteophytes, while intervertebral disc space is quite preserved in early phases of the disease. Symptoms of spine involvement are not typical of the disease and consist of pain and stiffness, usually worsened by inaction and damp. It has also been described the ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament which can lead to medullary canal stenosis. Appendicular skeleton is symmetrically involved in early phases of the disease, the most distinctive affected sites being feet, olecranus and patella. Hip involvement is also frequent and may lead to severe disability and represents an important cause of invalidity. The purpose of the present review is to remark on aetiopathogenetic and clinical aspects of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Massive osteolipoma of the skull.

Osteolipoma is a very rare condition, and only a few cases affecting the head were found in the literature. None can be compared with the giant lesion of the side of the head developing in the left temporo-parietal region of an 8-year-old boy from Central Africa. Under a huge lipoma, an irregular bony mass was found. Contouring resection was performed with an uneventful recovery. Technique and pathology are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed2006

Hypertrophy of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the thoracic spine.

STUDY DESIGN: This is a case report of a patient with hypertrophy of the posterior longitudinal ligament (HPLL) in the thoracic spine. This patient was followed for 10 years after surgery. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to report the long-term outcome of HPLL in the thoracic spine. SETTING: Department of orthopedic surgery, Hiroshima Red Cross and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan. METHODS: A 58-year-old-woman with thoracic HPLL was reported. Magnetic resonance image (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) showed the expanded spinal cord compression from Th4 to Th12 due to HPLL. Anterior decompression and fusion (Th10-12) was performed. Histological findings of the surgical specimens showed thickening of the posterior longitudinal ligament with proliferation of chondroid tissue. The clinical outcome and the radiological findings (CT and MRI) were evaluated 10 years after surgery. RESULTS: The patient was asymptomatic postoperatively. However, the subsequent CT examination revealed ossification of the previously hypertrophied posterior longitudinal ligament. CONCLUSIONS: HPLL in the thoracic spine is a rare pathological condition causing myelopathy. The results of this study support the hypothesis that HPLL is one of the prodromal conditions of HPLL.

Decompression, Surgical↗