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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Management of intestinal obstruction caused by ascariasis.

A retrospective clinical study to evaluate the effects of paralyzing vermifuges on the course of intestinal obstructions complicating ascariasis was performed. Forty-two patients, 26 patients with partial and 16 patients with complete intestinal obstructions, were treated over 7 years. Although 24 patients have not received any medications two patients with partial obstructions received flaccid paralyzing agent before referral. However, 12 of 16 patients with complete obstruction received spastic paralyzing agent, and the remaining patients received flaccid paralyzing agent before referral. Paralyzing agents, especially those causing spastic paralysis, should be avoided in patients with abdominal symptoms presumed to be related to ascariasis because of the risk of causing complete obstruction and making surgery more complex.

Anthelmintics↗
PubMed1998

[Causes of lethal outcome in acute adhesive intestinal obstruction].

Causes of 90 lethal outcomes from acute intestinal obstruction were analyzed. Among them diagnostic errors were made in 10% of cases, late admission to the hospital and prolonged conservative treatment resulted in death in 37.8%, operative and postoperative complications--in 52.2%. A complex system of measures is proposed to reduce lethality of patients with this disease including all the stages of diagnosis and treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Bile acid deconjugation in intestinal obstruction studied by breath test.

Bile acid deconjugation was assessed by measuring specific activity of expired 14CO2 after the oral administration of cholyl-glycine-1-14C in 17 cases of intestinal obstruction, i.e. 15 mechanical and two paralytic. In the former, nine cases were operated and the remaining six cases were managed by the conservative treatment. Cumulative output of 14CO2 in breath for six hours before the treatment was 40.20=11.30 (mean+/-SEM) (control 2.96+/-1.16) but decreased to 6.86+/-3.64 after the treatment. Enteric bacteria capable of splitting amino moiety of the conjugated bile acid were found to be present more than 10(5)/ml. in the obstructed bowel content. Cumulative output of 14CO2 in breath for six hours in two paralytic ileus was lower than in controls. Deconjugated bile acid reported to inhibited water and electrolytes absorption in the small intestine may play an important role in fluid retention in intestinal obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Intestinal obstruction following operation for inflammatory disease of the bowel.

Acute small-intestinal obstruction is not an uncommon complication following excisional operation for inflammatory disease of the bowel. In the Monash series the most common cause was adhesion formation. Stoma problems accounted for a small number. There was a special tendency for the complication to appear soon after the excisional surgery. A significant mortality rate accompanied obstructive complication and, over the long term, one in five patients needed further surgery for a recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Intestinal obstruction as a cause of death in the mentally handicapped.

This paper reviews the occurrence of symptoms of intestinal obstruction in mentally handicapped people. A retrospective study was done on all residents dying in mental handicap hospitals over a 7-year period. It was noticed that people dying of intestinal obstruction were younger, male, gave a history of constipation, other gastrointestinal problems and dietary indiscretion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Nonrotation anomaly of the bowel causing acute intestinal obstruction in adults. A report of two cases.

Two cases of acute intestinal obstruction in adults caused by a nonrotation anomaly of the bowel are presented. Both of the patients had suffered since chilhood from chronic, recurrent but rather mild abdominal symptoms which subsided spontaneously. In both cases volvulus of the cecum caused the acute abdominal condition, necessitating emergency operation. The nonrotation anomaly was an unsuspected discovery at laparotomy. The possibility of this type of congenital anomaly should be kept in mind whenever a patient has chronic recurrent abdominal symptoms or an acute abdominal condition.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

Small intestinal obstruction due to Bilharzioma: case report.

Schistosomiasis in endemic areas affects all age groups and present with various clinical manifestations. Small intestinal obstruction as a complication of Schistosomiasis was not described in the literature. This is a report of a 10 year old child from an endemic area with an unusual presentation of subacute small intestinal obstruction. Description of the pathological changes in the intestines following infestation with Schistosomiasis and brief presentation of the control modality in this endemic area are given.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Use of the long tube in the management of patients with small-intestinal obstruction due to adhesions.

A retrospective analysis was performed of all patients admitted to our hospital over a six-year period with a diagnosis of small-intestinal obstruction due to adhesions, to assess the efficacy of treatment with long-tube decompression. Of 127 episodes of obstruction, two thirds responded to nonoperative treatment. Factors that were associated with a greater likelihood of success with long-tube decompression included incomplete obstruction, recurrent obstruction, and passage of the tube beyond the pylorus. Clinical findings were relatively reliable as diagnostic indicators of strangulation. The overall mortality was 1.5%, with no deaths due to a delay in operative intervention. A trial of long-tube decompression is recommended in patients presenting with a diagnosis of small-intestinal obstruction due to adhesions in the absence of clinical evidence of strangulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Inflammatory pseudotumor causing intestinal obstruction: diagnostic and therapeutic aspects.

The authors report an unusual presentation of inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) that caused intestinal obstruction in a 9-year-old boy, and discuss the clinicopathologic features of this rare entity with emphasis on diagnosis and treatment. There are no specific presumptive clinical and laboratory findings, including tumor markers and imaging techniques, that distinguish mesenteric IPT from other abdominal mass lesions. The most important diagnostic aid is to bear this entity in mind when a child presents with intestinal obstruction associated with an abdominal mass. Radical unnecessary surgical procedures or potentially harmful therapy should be avoided, and appropriate treatment is achieved by total excision of the lesion in most of the cases.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Lavage treatment of distal intestinal obstruction syndrome in children with cystic fibrosis.

The efficacy, adverse reactions, and long-term effects of intestinal lavage treatment with a balanced electrolyte solution (Golytely) was evaluated in patients with cystic fibrosis and distal intestinal obstruction syndrome. Twenty-two patients with cystic fibrosis (mean age 21.8 years, range 14 to 34 years, 15 boys or men) who sought medical attention because of abdominal pain and a mass in the right iliac fossa received Golytely, 5.6 +/- 1.9 L (mean +/- 1 SD), either orally (n = 14) or via nasogastric tube (n = 8) during 5.6 +/- 2.4 hours. No serious side effects occurred. Serum electrolyte values remained within normal limits. Body weight did not change significantly. Minor adverse reactions included bloating (n = 12), nausea (n = 8), vomiting (n = 1), and chills (n = 3). All but one patient reported impressive relief of symptoms and remained pain free for an average of 3 months (range 1 to 19 months). Symptoms of abdominal pain and radiologic signs of fecal impaction assessed before and after lavage both decreased significantly (P less than .0001). During follow-up (mean 15.2 months, range 4 to 26 months), 11 patients required a total of 38 (range one to nine) additional doses of Golytely. Seven patients drank the solution at home (21 treatments); only two patients chose a nasogastric tube. In ten patients with symptoms of recurrent distal intestinal obstruction syndrome prior to institution of therapy, duration of hospitalization was significantly reduced by this treatment (5.1 +/- 7.6 v 2.3 +/- 6.3 hospital days per annum, P less than .02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

A neonatal intestinal obstruction with unusual presentation.

A two days old male child was admitted with features of neonatal intestinal obstruction. Straight x-ray abdomen showed distended small intestinal loops with few air fluid levels. After resuscitation abdomen was explored. There was distal ileal atresia with duplication cyst. Resection of atretic segment along with duplication cyst was performed and end to side ileo-ileal anastomosis with proximal ileostomy was done. Patient recovered uneventfully. Till now patient is doing well.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1997

[Intestinal obstruction in cancer patients. Palliative treatment].

The treatment of intestinal obstruction (IO) in patients with advanced or terminal cancer represents an open and widely discussed topic in clinical oncology practice. As surgical palliation is a complex issue, the decision to advance with surgery should be made in consultation with the patients and family members. The prognostic factors, mainly the survival time and the surgical risks can be considered guideline indicators. If there is any possibility that surgery will be of benefit, the patient should be treated with intravenous fluids and nasogastric suction while appropriate radiological investigations are performed. When surgical intervention is contraindicated, symptomatic medical treatment should be started through continuous subcutaneous administration of analgesic and antiemetic drugs. Minor episodes of vomiting may occur, which do not trouble patients since the most distressing symptom, nausea, can be controlled. Dehydration may be avoided with a liquid diet in small quantities. In this way, it is possible to manage patients with IO for several weeks without the need of nasogastric suction or intravenous fluids. Percutaneous gastrostomy, nasogastric tube, or hypodermoclysis may be necessary for a small number of patients, principally with high obstruction, who have refractory symptoms.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

Intramural sparganosis manifested as intestinal obstruction--a case report.

A case of intramural sparganosis of jejunum presenting as intestinal obstruction is described. Resected intestine from a 48 year old man with acute abdomen revealed a degenerated sparganum in the submucosa with typical tissue reaction and extensive edema. The tissue reaction was basically granulomatous, consisting of layers of inner palisading histiocytes and outer mononuclear cell infiltration. Many calcospherules were prominent within the degenerated worm. Eosinophil infiltration was scanty.

Granuloma↗
PubMed1991

Surgical complications of pica: report of a case of intestinal obstruction and a review of the literature.

The authors describe a patient with chronic renal failure who developed intestinal obstruction from talcum powder pica. A literature review found 43 previously reported cases of surgical complications caused by various forms of pica. Most occurred in women, blacks, aborigines, children, or the mentally retarded--all groups in whom pica occurs more frequently than the general population. Intestinal obstruction was the most common clinical presentation and the ileum most often the site of obstruction reported at surgery. Perforation with peritonitis was the next most common presentation but three cases of colon perforation were diagnosed only at surgery or postmortem. Mixed pica (paper, plastic bags, cloth, string) seemed more likely to require surgery and to cause perforation. An accurate preoperative diagnosis was made most often when a history of pica was sought, and opacity on abdominal X rays correctly interpreted. These clues to pica as the underlying cause of abdominal complaints should not be neglected in patients who are members of the groups known to be at higher risk of this compulsive eating disorders.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1988

Mechanical intestinal obstruction from pseudocyst bezoar following internal drainage of traumatic pancreatic pseudocyst.

A unique case of intraluminal mechanical small-intestinal obstruction occurring from a bezoar of organized debris that extruded from a post-traumatic pancreatic pseudocyst following Roux-en-Y cystojejunostomy is presented. Although an apparently unusual complication, it is one that should be considered in any patient experiencing incomplete cyst drainage or intestinal obstruction following an internal drainage procedure for pancreatic pseudocyst.

Adult↗