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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Purification and properties of alpha-amino-beta-carboxymuconate-epsilon-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD), key enzyme of niacin synthesis from tryptophan, from hog kidney.

alpha-Amino-beta-carboxymuconate-epsilon-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) (EC 4.1.1.45) was purified to a homogeneous state from hog kidney cytosol by ammonium sulfate fractionation, Butyl-Toyopearl 650, hydroxyapatite, DEAE-Sephadex, Toyopearl HW55, Superdex 200 and TSK-gel G3000SW chromatographies. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 58,000 by TSK-gel G3000SW gel filtration. The optimum pH (constant concentration) was 7.5. The Km for alpha-amino-beta-carboxymuconate-epsilon-semialdehyde was 1.61 x 10(-5) M. The activity of purified enzyme was inhibited by some chemical modifying reagents such as monoiodoacetic acid and p-(chloromercuri) benzoic acid. A sulfhydryl group was deduced to exist in the active site of the enzyme.

Ammonium Sulfate↗
PubMed1998

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after accidental injection of a hog vaccine: successful treatment with plasmapheresis.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, can occur after viral infections or vaccinations. We report the clinical and neuroimaging findings in a 52-year-old man in whom acute disseminated encephalomyelitis developed after accidental self-injection of an industrial hog vaccine. The protracted and progressive clinical course, despite high-dose parenteral corticosteroid therapy, was altered by aggressive plasmapheresis.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1989

Human depredation by vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) following a hog cholera campaign.

Hog cholera control efforts in Belize in 1975 included the slaughter of village pigs, a primary food source for the vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus). The bats then fed on secondary food sources, including humans. In 1 village, 22% of the families interviewed were exposed to attacks: 17 children and 2 adults were bit. Human depredation was not continuous as Desmodus located other hosts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Hot water and organic acid interventions to control microbiological contamination on hog carcasses during processing.

Pork skin and muscle tissue were washed with water at temperatures from 25 to 80 degrees C. Water temperatures of 65 and 80 degrees C resulted in greater population reductions of Enterobacteriaceae on pork muscle tissue than lower water temperatures. There was no observable effect of water temperature on population reductions of Enterobacteriaceae on pork skin. Water temperatures of 55, 65, and 80 degrees C reduced the populations of Enterobacteriaceae on inoculated scalded carcasses processed in a university abattoir by 1 to 1.5 log/cm2. Following the water wash with an organic acid rinse resulted in further numerical reductions in populations, although these were not statistically different from the water wash alone. The jowls of both scalded and skinned carcasses processed in a commercial establishment were directly inoculated with a fecal material slurry and then processed with organic acid rinsing only, hot water washing only, or a combination of hot water washing followed by organic acid rinsing. The hot water and acid treatment reduced the populations of mesophilic aerobic bacteria and Escherichia coli by approximately 2 log cycles on both scalded and skinned hog carcasses. The combined treatment resulted in 60% of the scalded carcasses and 40% of the skinned carcasses with undetectable levels of E. coli after direct fecal inoculation of the carcasses. Hot water washing followed by organic acid rinsing can significantly improve the microbiological quality of pork carcasses.

Acids↗
PubMed1989

A survey of wild swine in the United States for evidence of hog cholera.

The results of surveillance for hog cholera (HC) in wild swine (Sus scrofa) collected from throughout the United States from 1979 to 1987 are presented. Sera collected from 1,218 wild swine and tissues from 637 were evaluated for HC antibodies and virus, respectively. Included within this surveillance were samples from Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa Islands, California, where HC virus had been deliberately introduced into wild swine during the 1950's in attempts to eradicate these animals. All evaluations were considered negative for HC. It appears that the HC virus does not maintain itself in dispersed swine populations and that wild swine have not remained a reservoir of HC since its eradication in domestic swine in the United States.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A serologic survey of selected viral and bacterial diseases of European wild hogs, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA.

Blood samples were collected from 108 wild hogs (Sus scrofa) from the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP), USA, February to July 1990. We found no antibodies for swine brucellosis, pseudorabies, bovine virus diarrhea virus or porcine rotavirus infection. Antibody titers to porcine parvovirus were found in 15 (14%) samples and antibody to one or more leptospiral serovars was found in 48 (44%) samples. Thirty-nine (89%) of the 44 positive samples reacted to all five leptospiral serovars tested.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Detection of the hog cholera virus using the polymerase chain reaction].

A rapid and highly sensitive method for detecting hog cholera virus (HCV) based on a reverse transcription of the polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is developed. Primers complementary to the most homologous sites of virus genome in an area coding the precursor for glycoproteins gp44/gp48 are selected. Detection of the virus in pathological material by the RT-PCR showed that use of these primers in amplification allows detection of different HCV strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Genetic characteristics of the KC vaccine strain of hog cholera virus: comparative analysis of the primary sequence of surface glycoprotein E(rns), E1, and E2 genes].

Primary structure of a genome fragment of attenuated strain CS of hog cholera virus (HCV) coding for three surface glycoproteins Erns, E1, and E2 (fragment size 2379 nucleotides) is analyzed. By the nucleotide sequence the homology between strain CS and ten other virulent and attenuated HCV strains in this area is 84.9-94.6%, 87.2-94.6% in gene Erns, 84.6-96.9% in gene E1, and 83.3-94.3% in gene E2. By amino acid sequence the homology is 90.9-94.3%, 92.9-95.0%, 92.3-95.6%, and 88.9-94.1%, respectively. Computer analysis demonstrated philogenetic ratios between these strains and other HCV strains and the areas of potential antigenic differences between CS strain and other HCV strains. The data indicate that strain CS used as live vaccine protecting from HCV contains unique nucleotide and amino acid positions and its evolution history is different from that of analyzed reference strains. The data will be further used for detecting the fine antigenic structure of strain CS surface glycoproteins with the aim of disclosing unique antigenic markers.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of the elevated temperature on sex ratio in population of hog slaters (Asellus aquaticus L.)].

Seasonal changes in the abundance and sex ratio in the hog slater were monitored in nature throughout the annual cycle. It was shown that the sex ratio was balanced at a relatively low abundance in the autumn-winter period. The number of males could exceed 1.5-fold that of females during the period of mass reproduction in spring and summer. The experimental results suggest that the summer shift of sex ratio towards males was due to their higher tolerance to elevated temperature at the early ontogenetic stages.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Pharmacognosy of hog nail of Sus scrofa domestica Brisson].

This paper reports the characteristics of microscopic and physicochemical identifications, as well as the determination of amino acids and inorganic elements in Unguis Suillus of the crude drug Hog Nail of Sus scrofa domestica. The results show that the protein content of Unguis Suillus amounts to 80.65%. The amino acids in the drug consist of 7 essential amino acids and 9 nonessential amino acids. The main inorganic elements are Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe and Zn.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

A nonelectrogenic H+ pump in plasma membranes of hog stomach.

Differential and density gradient centrifugation were used to prepare a vesicular membrane fraction from hog gastric mucosa enriched 17-fold with respect to cation-activated ATPase and 5'-AMPase. Fractionation of the gradient material by free flow electrophoresis resulted in a fraction 35-fold enriched in cation-activated ATPase and essentially free of 5'-AMPase and Mg2+ATPase. The addition of ATP to either fraction resulted in H+ uptake and Rb+ efflux. The ionophoric and osmotic sensitivity showed that these ion movements were due to transport rather than binding. The cation selectivity sequences, substrate specificities and action of inhibitors indicated that the transport was a function of K+ATPase activity. The characteristics of the ATP-dependent enhancement of SCN- uptake and 8-anilinonapthalene-1-sulfonate fluorescence in the presence of valinomycin and the action of ionophores and lipid-permeable ions suggested that the energy dependent K+:H+ exchange was effectively nonelectrogenic. Thus these vesicles contain a nonelectrogenic (H+ + K+)-ATPase, hence acid secretion by the stomach is probably due to an ATP-dependent H+ + K+ exchange.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed2000

[Cloning and sequence analysis of E0 gene of hog cholera virus lapinized Chinese strain and virulent shimen strain].

According to the published nucleotide sequences of genome of hog cholera virus, one pair of specific primers were designed and synthesized. From the spleen of rabbits which were infected with HCLV and HCV Shimen strain infected pig blood, the two E0 genes were amplified by RT-PCR. The amplified fragments were cloned into pGEM-T vector and sequenced. Sequence analysis showed nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence homologies of the E0 gene between HCLV and Shimen strain were 95.0% and 94.3%. There was 13 amino acid substitutions between them. One N-glycosylation site was missing from E0 gene of the Shimen strain. The nucleotide sequence homologies of the Shimen strain with the ALD, GPE-, Brescia and Alfort strains were 97.4%, 96.5%, 92.2% and 86.5%, respectively, the deduced amino acid sequence homologies were 97.4%, 96.0%, 95.2% and 92.5%, respectively. The nucleotide sequence homologies of E0 gene of the HCLV strain with the ALD, GPE-, Brescia and Alfort strains were 95.6%, 94.9%, 91.3% and 85.5%, respectively, the deduced amino acid sequence homologies were 93.4%, 92.5%, 91.6% and 90.7%, respectively. E0 gene from HCV was shown to be similar to a family of fungal and plant ribonuclease. The catalytically important residues were 28 to 40 and 71 to 89 of HCV E0 gene.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

[Nucleotide sequence analysis of E2 major protective antigen encoding region of 12 strains of hog cholera virus(HCV)].

cDNA fragments, of HCV envelope glycoprotein E2 major gene of 11 field strains isolated in China in different time and 1 French reference strain(Thiveral) were amplified respectively with RT-PCR method and sequenced. The fragments amplified located by the 5' 2485 to 2708 of E2 major domains B and C and encoded 75 amino acid residues of E2 glycoprotein. All the products amplifield by RT-PCR from 12 strains in the study were same size of 224 bp. Comparing 12 sequences with other 9 references strains sequence reported before using software DNAstar, it was found that Hog Cholera Virus could be classified in two groups by analysis of phylogenetic tree. Strains Brescia, Gpe, Ald, Thiverval, C, CW, HCLV, HCVSM, BJCY1/96, BJTX3/96, BJSY2/96, HeNXH2/98, HeNZZ1/82 and GDGZ1/95 were assigned to group A and were 85.7%-100% for nucleotide sequence and 83.8%-100% for amino acid sequence in homology; but strains HCVF98, HCVF94, HeBHH2/95, LN1/84, SZGM1/85, SCCD1/79 and Alfort were assigned to group B and were 84.3%-100% for nucleotide sequence and 85.1%-100% for amino acid sequence in homology; and 21 strains of HCV were 78.1%-100% for nucleotide sequence and for 78.4%-100% amino acid sequence in homology. Homology were 99.1% for nucleotide sequence and 100% for amino acid sequence between strains HCLV in our study and strains C reported by Rijn's in the Netherlands. It's showed our method of sequencing is reliable. There were obvious differences between the two groups in sequences of envelope glycoprotein E2 major gene, especially in the amino acid substitutions of sites 713 and 729 respectively, and it is showed the two groups of HCV field strains might vary genetically in some extents. The results of other report of challenging of the partial field strains showed that the Chinese stock vaccine virus(HCLV) has good immunity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

[Molecular clone and sequence analysis of cDNA fragments of hog cholera virus strain C].

The 5' nonencoding region, p23 and p14 encoding region and E1 gene of hog cholera virus (HCV) strain C were amplified from total RNA extracted from HCV strain C infected rabbit spleen by reverse transcription and nested or half--nested PCR. The PCR products were cloned into pGEM-T vector. Nucleotide sequencing was performed using an ABI PRISM sequencing device; based on the incorporation of fluoresect labelled dideoxynuclotide teminators. The obtained sequences on 5' noncoding region and part of p23 and p14 encoding region were compared with HCV strains Shimen and C sequenced in Moormann's lab. The result showed that the homology between HCV strains C sequenced in this report and in Moormann's lab was 99.19%, and the homology between HCV strains Shimen, the standard virulent HCV strain in China, and C sequenced in this report was 94.69%. It was also discovered that the base C at 244 of the genome of HCV strains Shimen and C sequenced in this report was absent at the genome of C strain sequenced in Moormann's lab et al.

5' Untranslated Regions↗
PubMed2000

Relation between lymphocyte subpopulations of peripheral blood and immune responses of modified live hog cholera virus vaccine in pigs treated with an ionized alkali mineral complex.

Thirty-nine healthy pigs (28-32 days old) were purchased from a commercial swine farm and housed at swine pens of the College. The animals were vaccinated intramuscularly (1 ml) with an attenuated live hog cholera virus (HCV, LOM strain) and then boostered at 5 weeks after the first vaccination. The animals were divided into 4 experimental groups: 0.05% (w/w) PowerFeel-supplemented diet (T-1, n = 10); 3% (w/w) SuperFeed-supplemented diet (T-2, n = 10); diluted PowerFeel solution (1 : 500, v/v) as drinking water (T-3, n=9); control (n=10). PowerFeel is an original form of ionized alkali mineral complex (IAMC) and SuperFeed is a commercial product of IAMC. The subpopulation of lymphocyte in blood was assayed by a flow cytometry and HCV-specific antibody was determined by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. In IMAC-treated groups, the proportions of subpopulation expressing MHC-class II, CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, and surface IgM+ B lymphocytes were significantly decreased at 5-weeks after the first vaccination. Significant decreases were also observed in the proportions of MHC-class II, CD2+ and CD8+ lymphocyte at 3-weeks after the booster injection. The humoral immune responses in T-1 and T-2 groups were greater than those in T-3 or control group. These results suggest that IAMC-supplemented diets may have an HCV-specific immunostimulatory effect in pigs.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1968

The purification and concentration of hog cholera virus.

Partial purification of hog cholera virus (HCV) using a simple batch-type chromatographic procedure with magnetic ferric oxide (MFO) is described. Infectious HCV was adsorbed from isotonic solutions to MFO and was eluted under conditions of low ionic strength and high pH. Aqueous solutions of 0.01 M sodium cyanide or 0.0003 M ammonium hydroxide effectively dissociated MFO-HCV complexes. The data indicate that 50 to 100% of the original HCV infectivity was recovered concomitant with a 90 to 95% reduction of extraneous organic nitrogen.MFO-purified HCV was concentrated by density gradient type centrifugations in buffered solutions of cesium chloride and sucrose. Prolonged isodensity centrifugations of concentrated MFO-purified HCV indicated a buoyant density of 1.14 to 1.15 gm/ml for the strain of virus used.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation kinetics of potassium-stimulated ATP phosphohydrolase from hog gastric mucosa.

Partial reactions of potassium-stimulated ATP phosphohydrolase from hog gastric mucosa were studied by means of a rapid-mixing apparatus. At 21 degrees C, in the presence of 2 mM MgCl2 and 5 microM [gamma-32P]ATP there was a rapid phosphorylation of the enzyme with a pseudofirst order rate constant of 1400 min-1. Addition of the ATP about 120 ms before the MgCl2 increased this rate constant to 4400 min-1. In the absence of MgCl2 there was no phosphorylation. Addition of 4 or 10 mM KCl to the phosphoenzyme which had been formed in the absence of KCl produced a rapid initial rate of dephosphorylation (k = 2600 and 3200 min-1 respectively). An additional slow component of dephosphorylation was observed when unlabeled ATP was added together with the KCl (k = 700 to 900 min-1). At a 4 mM concentration, KCl stimulated the ATPase activity about 9-fold. At higher concentrations, the activity was reduced in parallel with a reduction of the steady state level of phosphoenzyme. Addition of KCl to the enzyme before the addition of ATP plus MgCl2 resulted in a low rate and extent of phosphorylation. KCl appeared to inhibit the phosphorylation at a level preceeding the E.ATP complex.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1991

[A sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the serological detection of antibodies against the European hog cholera virus].

An ELISA for the detection of antibodies against hog cholera virus (HCV) was developed. The HCV-specific glycoprotein gp53 served as diagnostic antigen after immobilization using a monoclonal capture antibody. Due to the higher affinity of HCV-specific antibodies to the viral gp53, sera cross reacting with bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus were discriminated by the slope of the titration curves.

Animals↗