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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Radiological status of hip joints of children at the beginning of walking, when treatment of congenital hip dysplasia and dislocation was begun in the first two weeks of life].

This paper describes the radiological status on the start of walking in 31 hip joints in 24 children, in which the treatment of the developmental dysplasia with dislocation of the hip began in the first 2 weeks. Before the beginning of the treatment, ultrasonographic assessment revealed type D in 22% hips, type III in 55% and type IV in 23%. The radiographic evaluation was based on 6 parameters, which values were compared to the normal ones for the age group. It was estimated that only 32% hips had a correct radiological status, the other hips revealed smaller or greater dysplasia.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Acute effect of traction, compression, and hip joint tamponade on blood flow of the femoral head: an experimental model.

Blood flow rates of the canine femoral head were experimentally determined during traction, compression, and hip joint tamponade using the hydrogen washout technique. In puppies, blood flow rate of the femoral head was significantly decreased with either traction or compression applied at one half body weight. Either maneuver, when combined with hip joint tamponade, reduced blood flow rate of the femoral head an average of more than 70% as compared with the initial control rate. In adult dogs, combinations of either traction or compression, at one-half body weight, with hip joint tamponade did not significantly decrease blood flow rate of the femoral head as compared with control values. Perfusion defect of blue silicone could be observed only in puppies around the hip during combinations of traction or compression with hip joint tamponade and involved the posterior superior capital branches of the medial circumflex artery and the arteries in the ligamentum teres. These experimental data may have important implications for the pathogenesis of iatrogenic avascular necrosis in the treatment of congenitally dislocated hip, Legg-Perthes disease, and avascular necrosis following nondisplaced femoral neck fracture.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Hip joint subluxation after selective dorsal rhizotomy for spastic cerebral palsy.

OBJECT: The effects of selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) procedures on the hip joints of children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) are not well described. This study was performed to determine the incidence of hip subluxation in children with CP who underwent SDR at a single institution. METHODS: The study group comprised 82 patients (164 hip joints) with a mean follow up of 3.9 years. Forty-four patients had spastic diplegia (53.6%), 35 had spastic quadriplegia (42.7%), two had spastic triplegia (2.4%), and one had spastic hemiplegia (1.2%). The mean patient age at SDR was 5.2 +/- 2.4 years. Preoperative and postoperative hip radiographs were reviewed and the femoral head center edge (CE) angles were recorded. The mean pre- and postoperative right CE angles were 14.1 and 17.2 degrees, respectively, and those of the left were 13.6 and 15.1 degrees, respectively. Considering a change in CE angle greater than 5 degrees as clinically significant, 72 hips (43.5%) remained unchanged, 63 (38.4%) improved, and 29 (17.7%) worsened. Of a number of preoperative variables, including age at time of surgery, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, ambulatory status, extent of hip subluxation, preoperative scoliosis, and asymmetry of hip subluxation, only GMFCS level was associated with worsening of hip subluxation. CONCLUSIONS: Selective dorsal rhizotomy is more likely to have a positive effect or no effect on hip joint subluxation rather than to have a negative effect. More severe involvement, as measured using the GMFCS, may predispose to worsening of hip subluxation after SDR.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Knee and/or hip joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis is associated with HLA-DRB1*0405 in Japanese patients.

To determine the prognostic factors for knee and/or hip joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, we typed 379 RA patients for HLA-DRB alleles and analysed the antigen frequencies. The DRB1*0405 antigen frequency in RA patients who underwent total knee replacement and/or total hip replacement was significantly higher than in those who did not have replacements, which meant that DRB1*0405 was associated with knee and/or hip joint destruction. This finding may be of value for predicting knee and/or hip joint destruction in RA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[The development and clinical application of acoustic diagnostic technique in hip joint].

This study aimed to develop a non-invasive diagnostic technique for the measurement of acoustic transmission in hip joints to reflect the dynamic response of the observed structure. This instrument consists of three sub-systems. An stimulation system applied a vibratory force at the sacrum of the test subject. A transduction system included a pair of identical microphones was installed in the tubes of two stethoscopes, which were placed at the greater trochanters on both sides for picking up the acoustic signals transmitting across the hip joints. The data acquisition and analysis system was a portable frequency analyser with a program of dual channel digital filter for measuring the power of acoustic signals in 1/3-octoscn frequency bands. Twenty-seven normal adults, 20 normal pre-school children and 40 normal neonates were recruited for the testing. Coherence function (CF) of the signal and the discrepancy (D) of bilateral hips were measured during the testing. The results from the three groups showed that there was a high coherence of the signals (CF > 0.9) and a small discrepancy (D < 3 dB) between bilateral hips in the frequency range of 200-315 Hz. For normal neonates, the frequency range (160-315 Hz) was wider in which the acoustic signals maintained a high coherence (CF > 0.94) and a smaller discrepancy (D < 2 dB) were observed between bilateral hips. This study has shown that the development of the acoustical diagnostic technique could provide a practical method with objective parameters. The results obtained in this study can offer a base for further investigation of hip disorders, particularly those related to structural abnormalities of hip joints.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1986

Hip joint instability in breech pregnancy.

222 consecutive fetuses found by ultrasound to be in breech presentation in the 33rd gestational week were followed with repeated examinations in weeks 35 and 38. Ninety-one of these fetuses persisted in breech presentation until delivery, while cephalic version occurred in 131. The frequency of hip joint instability was 21% in the breech delivered group and 1.5% in the vertex delivered group. The position of the fetal legs was established at each ultrasound examination. The intrauterine fetal attitude was classified as extended when the fetuses had extended knees and maximally flexed hips at all ultrasound examinations. This occurred in 30 breech delivered fetuses, 47% of which developed hip joint instability. Only 8% of the breech born infants with flexed legs in utero developed hip joint instability. It is concluded that instability of the hip joint is a consequence of the intrauterine attitude, rather than of the breech delivery per se.

Breech Presentation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Accuracy of length and angle measurements in the roentgen image and sonogram of the pediatric hip joint].

The results of measurement of length and angles in the x-ray and ultrasound image of the infantile hip joint are dependent on the different shape of the joint but also on different x-ray projections, on a limited accuracy and incorrect technique in measurement. From our investigations on the accuracy of measurement a differentiation between normal and pathological infantile hip joints is not possible by measuring geometrical data in the x-ray resp. ultrasound image. In the x-ray the greatest possible error of the acetabular angle is +/- 3 degrees, that of the so-called "AMC-angle" +/- 5 degrees and of the Alpha- and Beta-angle in the ultrasound image +/- 10 degrees. Thus the collection of geometrical data in the x-ray and ultrasound image of the infantile hip joint is not more reliable than a qualitative assessment orientated on the osseous resp. cartilaginous corner of the acetabulum.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed2003

[Surgical treatment of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia in the hip joints in childhood--short-term results].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The presentation of our results of surgical treatment of the hip joints affected by multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, using the Steel technique of triple osteotomy of the innominate bone in children. MATERIAL: Twelve hip joints in 11 patients were treated by the Steel technique of triple osteotomy of the innominate bone at our department in the period from 2000 to 2001. However, the evaluation involved only children who also had multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, i.e., two boys and one girl. One of the boys had bilateral surgery with 6.5 months between the operations. The average age at the time of operation was 7.5 years, with a range of 6.5 to 8.5 years. The indication for the Steel osteotomy included severe conditions characterized by flattening and fragmentation of the proximal femoral epiphysis that was insufficiently covered by a dysplastic acetabulum. METHODS: The clinical evaluation was based on a classification system according to Merle d'Aubigné and Postel. Assessment was made on X-ray films before and after surgery. The follow-up was 17 to 29 months with an average of 2 years. RESULTS: The average Merle d'Aubigné and Postel score for the operated-on hips was 17.5 points. The maximum attainable value is 18 points; therefore all hips showed excellent clinical outcomes. Radiological examination showed an improvement in Wiberg's center-edge (CE) angle, i.e., from 15 degrees preoperatively to 44 degrees postoperatively (range, 10 to 25 and 41 to 48 degrees, respectively). The surgical treatment resulted in an average increase in the CE angle by 29 degrees, with the range between 21 and 33 degrees according to correction extent. DISCUSSION: A comparison of our results with those of other authors was not possible since no literature data were available on the Steel osteotomy in patients with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. In our opinion these children constitute a specific category of patients with this disorder but the size of our group was too small to draw conclusions with a more general validity. CONCLUSIONS: The Steel triple osteotomy of the innominate bone permits correction of abnormal anatomical conditions of hip joints in severe multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. The nature of this disorder, however, requires a long-term follow-up of the patients treated.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Radiographic identification of loose bodies in the traumatized hip joint.

Acrylic spacers and cubes of cortical bone of known dimensions were placed in predetermined locations in cadaver hip joints, which were then studied with plain radiography and linear, hypocycloidal, and computed tomography (CT). Joint space widening was not measurable on plain radiographs of the pelvis when 2-mm spacers were placed anywhere within the hip joint. When 4-mm spacers were used, widening measured 2 mm in the axis of measurement corresponding to the location of the spacer. Linear tomography did not permit identification of the 2-mm cubes; however, hypocycloidal tomography and CT consistently showed them anywhere within the hip joint. Radiation dose and clinical recommendations are discussed.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1990

[Arthrolysis of the hip joint in para-articular calcification and ankylosis].

Para-articular ossification of the hip joint represents a severe complication after hip surgery for joint replacement or various forms of trauma. It is always accompanied by tremendous loss of function and is therefore disabling for the patient. The results of past years have drastically reduced this complication in high-risk groups-recurrent joint replacement, acetabular fractures, severe head injuries-by means of hip irradiation and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication. In cases, in which significant functional disability results from heterotopic bone formation, it is possible to restore function of the hip joint through surgery. The diagnostics, preoperative planning, surgical therapy, and postoperative treatment protocol are presented.

Ankylosis↗
PubMed1992

A five-station hip joint simulator for wear rate studies.

The aim of the work has been the development of a hip joint simulator for comparative wear rate studies of long duration. A five-station apparatus has been designed, constructed and tested. Five total hip joints can be tested at the same time in identical conditions. The flexion-extension motion and the superior-inferior component of the joint contact force are incorporated. The motion is electromechanical and the loading pneumatic. The angle and load waveforms are fixed and simulate level walking. For accurate wear measurements each station employs a control prosthesis. The conditions of the control prosthesis in regard to loading, exposure to lubricant and environment temperature (37 +/- 1 degree C) are identical to those of the test prosthesis. The acetabular cups can be readily removed for periodic wear measurements and reassembled in exactly the original position. Extensive tests have shown that the simulator is a practical and reliable instrument in the wear rate studies of various designs of total hip joint.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1987

[Sonographic detection of a cystic tumor originating in the hip joint (bursitis iliopectinea). Contribution to the differential diagnosis of tumors of the hip].

In tumors of the soft parts of the hip area, sonography can contribute decisively to clarify the diagnosis by using the 5 mHz sound head for exploration. In the case reported here it was possible to correct the wrong diagnosis of femoral hernia and to establish the diagnosis of a cystic tumour communicating with the hip joint (iliopectineal bursitis). The diagnosis was confirmed both by operation and by histological examination.

Bursitis↗
PubMed1989

[Pathogenesis of degenerative-dystrophic changes in the hip joint].

The authors have examined 43 children by the method of radiotropic angiography, 27 of whom had various diseases of the hip joint area. The blood flow in the iliac vessels and the regional blood flow in the area of the affected vessels was studied before and after the operation making use of an osteotropic radiopharmacological drug (RPD) 99mT-phosphon. Independent of the character of the degenerative and dystrophic process in the hip joints there was a reduction in the intensity of the blood flow on the affected side reaching 15-30%, which was more expressed at stage 111 of coxarthrosis with no considerable changes after the operation. In the control group this difference was +/- 5%. The regional blood flow (RBF) in the area of the operation was reduced down to 37% before the operation and increased by 17-35% 6-8 months after the operation with the exception of the cases of dystrophic lesions of the neck when no increase in the RBF was observed. The authors come to the conclusion about a relationship between the deviation from the normal conditions in the intensity of the blood flow and the degenerative and dystrophic processes in the hip joints.

Child↗