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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Implementation of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation's Community Health Promotion Grant Program: a process evaluation.

The Community Health Promotion Grants Program, sponsored by the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, represents a major health initiative that established 11 community health promotion projects. Successful implementation was characterized by several critical factors: (1) intervention activities; (2) community activation; (3) success in obtaining external funding; and (4) institutionalization. Analysis of the program was based on data from several sources: program reports, key informant surveys, and a community coalition survey. Results indicate that school-based programs focusing on adolescent health problems were the most successful in reaching the populations they were targeting. The majority of the programs were able to attract external funding, thereby adding to their initial resource base. The programs were less successful in generating health promotion activities and in achieving meaningful institutionalization in their communities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

A philosophy for the Skin and Cancer Foundation.

The Skin and Cancer Foundation is now 21 years old in Sydney and 10 years old in Melbourne, and a third is being planned for Brisbane. The achievements of these institutions are quite remarkable but the philosophy on which they were based may not now be applicable. An understanding of this original philosophy may assist future planning. People suffering from skin disease in Australia need help which can only be delivered by a combination of several institutions such as government, hospitals and the Australasian College of Dermatologists (College).

Australia↗
PubMed2003

The Sylvia and Charles Viertel Charitable Foundation: a decade of support for medical research in Australia.

The Sylvia and Charles Viertel Charitable Foundation (http://www.alfredresearch.org/external/viertel.htm) recently celebrated its first decade of support for medical research in Australia. Its contribution to Australian medical research has centred on support of outstanding young people through Senior Medical Research Fellowships and a unique grant-in-aid programme for clinical investigators.

Australia↗
PubMed2006

The Pelican Cancer Foundation and The English National MDT-TME Development Programme.

The formation of The Pelican Cancer Foundation in 2000 was based around the pioneering work of Professor Bill Heald and colleagues, and the development of Total Mesorectal Excision (TME) for rectal cancer. A series of surgical workshops in Scandinavia in the mid 1990s and, later, six further workshops in the Trent region culminated in the commissioning of the fully multidisciplinary National MDT-TME Development Programme by the National Cancer Director, Professor Mike Richards, in March 2003.

Charities↗
PubMed2005

Photic- and pattern-induced seizures: expert consensus of the Epilepsy Foundation of America Working Group.

PURPOSE: In August, 2004, the Epilepsy Foundation of America convened a workshop to begin to develop an expert consensus on photosensitive seizures. METHODS: Literature and data were reviewed, and consensus was derived from discussion. RESULTS: A flash is a potential hazard if it has luminance >or=20 cd/m2, occurs at a frequency of >or=3 Hz, and occupies a solid visual angle of >or=0.006 steradians (approximately 10% of the central visual field or 25% of screen area at typical viewing distances). A transition to or from saturated red also is considered a risk. A pattern with the potential for provoking seizures contains clearly discernible stripes, numbering more than five light-dark pairs of stripes in any orientation. When the light-dark stripes of any pattern collectively subtend at the eye from the minimal-expected viewing distance a solid angle of >0.006 steradians, the luminance of the lightest stripe is >50 cd/m2, and the pattern is presented for >or=0.5 s, then the pattern should display no more than five light-dark pairs of stripes, if the stripes change direction, oscillate, flash, or reverse in contrast; if the pattern is unchanging or smoothly drifting in one direction, no more than eight stripes. These principles are easier to apply in the case of fixed media, for example, a prerecorded TV show, which can be analyzed frame-by-frame, as compared with interactive media. CONCLUSIONS: A consensus view of stimuli likely to provoke visually evoked seizures can be developed.

Computer Terminals↗
PubMed2005

The importance of National Blood Foundation funding.

The research award that I received from the National Blood Foundation (NBF) was very important to me early in my career for several reasons. The funding itself was important for performing the experiments proposed, and the data obtained have played a role in much of the research that has been performed in my laboratory since that time. Also, receiving the award was a very important vote of confidence by the grant review committee at an early time in my career as an independent research scientist. Finally, because it is essential that a junior faculty member secure independent research funding, receiving this award from the NBF also represented a critical step in my career. The work that was funded by the NBF has led my laboratory down many new avenues of research, all of which have been exciting and rewarding.

Antigens, CD34↗
PubMed2005

Report from the Rockefellar Foundation Sponsored International Workshop on reducing mortality and improving quality of life in long-term survivors of Hodgkin's disease: July 9-16, 2003, Bellagio, Italy.

A workshop, sponsored by the Rockefellar Foundation, was held between 9 to 16 July, 2003 to devise strategies to reduce mortality and improve quality of life of long-term survivors of Hodgkin's disease. Participants were selected for their clinical and research background on late effects after Hodgkin's disease therapy. Experts from both developed and developing nations were represented in the workshop, and efforts were made to ensure that the proposed strategies would be globally applicable whenever possible. The types of late complications, magnitude of the problem, contributing risk factors, methodology to assess the risk, and challenges faced by developing countries were presented. The main areas of late effects of Hodgkin's disease discussed were as follows: second malignancy, cardiac disease, infection, pulmonary dysfunction, endocrine abnormalities, and quality of life. This report summarizes the findings of the workshop, recommendations, and proposed research priorities in each of the above areas.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Clinical practice guidelines for managing dyslipidemias in kidney transplant patients: a report from the Managing Dyslipidemias in Chronic Kidney Disease Work Group of the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative.

The incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is very high in patients with chronic kidney (CKD) disease and in kidney transplant recipients. Indeed, available evidence for these patients suggests that the 10-year cumulative risk of coronary heart disease is at least 20%, or roughly equivalent to the risk seen in patients with previous CVD. Recently, the National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) published guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemias in patients with CKD, including transplant patients. It was the conclusion of this Work Group that the National Cholesterol Education Program Guidelines are generally applicable to patients with CKD, but that there are significant differences in the approach and treatment of dyslipidemias in patients with CKD compared with the general population. In the present document we present the guidelines generated by this workgroup as they apply to kidney transplant recipients. Evidence from the general population indicates that treatment of dyslipidemias reduces CVD, and evidence in kidney transplant patients suggests that judicious treatment can be safe and effective in improving dyslipidemias. Dyslipidemias are very common in CKD and in transplant patients. However, until recently there have been no adequately powered, randomized, controlled trials examining the effects of dyslipidemia treatment on CVD in patients with CKD. Since completion of the K/DOQI guidelines on dyslipidemia in CKD, the results of the Assessment of Lescol in Renal Transplantation (ALERT) Study have been presented and published. Based on information from randomized trials conducted in the general population and the single study conducted in kidney transplant patients, these guidelines, which are a modified version of the K/DOQI dyslipidemia guidelines, were developed to aid clinicians in the management of dyslipidemias in kidney transplant patients. These guidelines are divided into four sections. The first section (Introduction) provides the rationale for the guidelines, and describes the target population, scope, intended users, and methods. The second section presents guidelines on the assessment of dyslipidemias (guidelines 1-3), while the third section offers guidelines for the treatment of dyslipidemias (guidelines 4-5). The key guideline statements are supported mainly by data from studies in the general population, but there is an urgent need for additional studies in CKD and in transplant patients. Therefore, the last section outlines recommendations for research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Chemicals studied and evaluated in long-term carcinogenesis bioassays by both the Ramazzini Foundation and the National Toxicology Program: in tribute to Cesare Maltoni and David Rall.

The Ramazzini Foundation (RF) in Bentivoglio, Italy and the National Toxicology Program (NTP) in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina have carried out several hundred chemical carcinogenesis bioassays: 200 by RF and 500 by NTP. Of these, 21 have been evaluated by both laboratories. The 14 chemicals for which both laboratories have designed, conducted, and reported bioassay results are: acrylonitrile, benzene, chlorine, diesel fuel, ethylbenzene, methylene chloride (dichloromethane), propylene, styrene, styrene oxide, toluene, trichloroethylene, trichlorofluoromethane, vinylidene chloride, and xylenes. The other seven chemicals (two are fibers) were evaluated by both laboratories, but results have not yet been published. Results of these 14 interlaboratory studies were compared both to explore consistency of carcinogenic responses and to identify possible factors that may reveal reasons for any differences observed. Individual carcinogenesis results from each laboratory were duplicated and complementary. Of the 14 chemicals compared, 11 (80%) were either carcinogenic (9 chemicals) or noncarcinogenic (2 chemicals) in both studies. Eight of the paired chemicals had at least one carcinogenic target site in common. The other three were carcinogenic in one laboratory but not in the other. Possible explanations for these differences include dose, method of administration, duration of follow-up, and whether or not total tumors are counted. The collaboration between these two pioneering bioassay laboratory programs contributes greatly to our understanding of chemical carcinogenesis and results in better protection of workers and the general population from chemical diseases, especially cancers.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Consumer involvement--a vital piece of the quality quilt: the California HealthCare Foundation's strategy for engaging California consumers.

How can the delivery of health services be made accountable to the needs and desires of those who receive and, ultimately, pay for them? The approach of the California HealthCare Foundation (CHCF) has been to build a supply of consumer friendly information, to encourage societal vigilance through public reporting, and to disseminate it using both traditional and non-traditional strategies in order to reach underserved and disenfranchised populations.

California↗
PubMed2002

Lessons from the Australian Patient Safety Foundation: setting up a national patient safety surveillance system--is this the right model?

The evolution of the concepts and processes underpinning the Australian Patient Safety Foundation's systems over the last 15 years are traced. An ideal system should have the following attributes: an independent organisation to coordinate patient safety surveillance; agreed frameworks for patient safety and surveillance systems; common, agreed standards and terminology; a single, clinically useful classification for things that go wrong in health care; a national repository for information covering all of health care from all available sources; mechanisms for setting priorities at local, national and international levels; a just system which caters for the rights of patients, society, and healthcare practitioners and facilities; separate processes for accountability and "systems learnings"; the right to anonymity and legal privilege for reporters; systems for rapid feedback and evidence of action; mechanisms for involving and informing all stakeholders. There are powerful reasons for establishing national systems, for aligning terminology, tools and classification systems internationally, and for rapid dissemination of successful strategies.

Australia↗
PubMed1983

The Foundations' Fund for Research in Psychiatry and the growth of research in psychiatry.

For over a quarter century, until it disbursed its remaining funds in 1981, the Foundations' Fund for Research in Psychiatry (FFRP) aided hundreds of researchers in fields related to mental health. The fund was established by a private donor, the late Charles B. G. Murphy. Much of the research it sponsored during its early years was psychoanalytically oriented. In the 1960s it shifted to a more biological and social orientation. Its influence was greatest during its first decade, when its research grants, fellowships, and support to departments of psychiatry helped to launch the modern era of psychiatric research. This review analyzes FFRP's activities and examines its achievements.

Foundations↗
PubMed1990

The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Program on Chronic Mental Illness: an overview.

In 1985 the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation implemented the Program on Chronic Mental Illness, which provides grants and assistance to nine cities across the country in their efforts to improve services to persons with chronic mental illness. A basic premise of the program is that a central mental health authority is the cornerstone of improved systems of care. To be eligible for participation in the program, each city had to develop a service system incorporating a central authority and four other features: continuity of care, a full range of services, a housing plan, and new sources of financing. The authors describe how the cities were selected and how the program operates. They also provide a case example of the problems one city faced in establishing a central authority.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1990

Design for the national evaluation of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Program on Chronic Mental Illness.

The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation chose the University of Maryland Mental Health Policy Studies Program to conduct an independent national evaluation of its Program on Chronic Mental Illness, a large-scale demonstration in which nine cities across the country are participating. The national evaluation aims at describing the implementation of the program and assessing its impact on clients. The evaluation effort comprises five groups of interrelated studies: a site-level study, a community care study, housing studies, financing studies, and disability and vocational rehabilitation studies. Taken together, the components of the evaluation should provide evidence that will help create new structures and processes in large cities for delivering care to persons with chronic mental illness.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1996

Characteristics and activities of case managers in the RWJ Foundation Program on chronic mental illness.

OBJECTIVE: Case management was seen as the major strategy for integrating mental health, housing, and social supports for clients in the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Program on Chronic Mental Illness, a five-year multisite demonstration project designed to test the effects of reorganizing mental health systems in large urban areas. The authors assessed data on case management programs in the demonstration project to try to explain the lack of consistent improvement in clients' outcomes that was found in the national evaluation of the project. METHODS: Data on case management programs from five demonstration sites-Baltimore; Cincinnati; Columbus, Ohio; Denver; and Toledo, Ohio-were reviewed. Data sources included onsite interviews, documentary material, studies of case managers' contact with community agencies that were conducted in 1989 and 1991, and telephone interviews with coordinators of case management programs. RESULTS: The characteristics and activities of case managers changed little between 1989 and 1991. Case managers tended to become the principal service providers for their clients rather than coordinating service provision among multiple service providers. Case managers reported that their clients received few services from other agencies in the local community support system. CONCLUSIONS: Although lack of change in case managers' activities during the demonstration project may help explain clients' lack of improvement over time, case management by itself does not constitute comprehensive treatment. More attention must be paid to the development and refinement of community-based medical-psychiatric and psychosocial treatments with a proven track record of improving clients' level of symptoms and quality of life.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The use of formative evaluation to assess integrated services for children. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Child Health Initiative.

This article describes the use of formative evaluation in assessing the feasibility of implementing a new service integration effort. The Child Health Initiative, a nine-site, national demonstration project funded in 1991 by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, sought to implement systemic change through the creation of new mechanisms for spending service dollars more flexibly at the local site. The Child Health Initiative called for developing local child health-monitoring systems, a care coordination mechanism, and a program for decategorizing the myriad of restrictive categorical public programs serving children. Most demonstration communities experienced some degree of success in achieving the first two components, but none was able to implement decategorization during the 3- to 5-year funding period. Key lessons for evaluators include the need for (a) a flexible evaluation design that can sequentially adapt to changes in program implementation, (b) repeated longitudinal data collection measures to document changes over time, (c) avoidance of a premature focus on program outcomes, and (d) methods to establish attribution of outcomes.

Child↗
PubMed2001

The spinal cord research foundation: two decades of progress.

Over the course of the past 24 years, the Paralyzed Veterans of America's Spinal Cord Research Foundation (SCRF) has provided support for more than 400 research grants in a wide range of areas, from improved wheelchair design to axon pathfinding in Drosophila. The Founders of SCRF, as well as its current trustees, believe that it is imperative to target a broad range of research areas to maximize the quality of life for people, both veterans and nonveterans, with paralysis. This approach has involved the support of basic science and clinical research directed towards repair of the spinal cord, as well as research into improved treatments for complications of spinal cord dysfunction and other projects, including engineering grants and conferences, that may enhance the quality of life for people with paralysis within the immediate future.

Foundations↗
PubMed2003

Evaluating the California Wellness Foundation's Health Improvement Initiative: a logic model approach.

The difficulties of conducting randomized trials to evaluate community-based initiatives have led some researchers to argue in favor of a case study "logic model" approach to evaluation. This article describes a case study logic approach adopted for the evaluation of one community initiative, the Health Improvement Initiative (HII) funded by the California Wellness Foundation (TCWF). The HII is a comprehensive, community-based initiative designed to improve population health by implementing and sustaining community-level systems changes. Nine communities received funding to create broad-based community coalitions (Health Partnerships) that were charged with developing and implementing action plans around systems change. The HII is being evaluated using a case-study logic-model approach that uses quantitative and qualitative data to construct indicators of coalition functioning, systems changes, and population health. By examining the relationship between these indicators over time, it should be possible to determine if any changes in intermediate or long-term outcomes are associated with Health Partnership activities.

California↗