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Fibrosarcoma that metastasizes to the central nervous system has been documented in the literature. However, we know of no recorded case of spread to a major peripheral nerve. We report a unique occurrence of fibrosarcoma with metastatic involvement of the sciatic nerve, and a review of the literature.
Bovine papillomavirus transgenic mice develop skin tumors arising from dermal fibroblasts in a process comprised of three distinctive stages: mild and aggressive fibromatoses, and fibrosarcoma. In both tissue biopsies and derivative cell lines, the proto-oncogenes junB and c-jun are induced in the latter two stages, in contrast to junD and fos. Fibrosarcoma cell lines have increased AP-1 DNA-binding activity. Overexpression of junB or c-jun by transfection into the mild fibromatosis stage elicited changes in cell shape and anchorage independence, whereas junD did not. Similar transfections of normal skin fibroblasts had no effect. Thus, junB and c-jun represent progression factors whose activities are necessary at an intermediate stage of tumor development, subsequent to the initiation of aberrant proliferation.
We have developed a new high-power red (664 nm) laser diode system for photodynamic therapy (PDT) with mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6 (NPe6). Meth-A fibrosarcoma cells (1 x 10(6)) were implanted subcutaneously in the right hind leg of 4-week-old BALB/c female mice. One week later, diode laser irradiation was applied 5 h after the intravenous administration of NPe6 to each tumor-bearing mouse. In the first study, the time course of intratumor temperature increase during PDT was measured by using a 23-guage thermocouple hypodermic needle at a depth of 2 mm from the tumor surface. In the second study, 6 groups of 10 to 17 tumor-bearing mice were treated with the diode laser 5 h after intravenous administration of NPe6 at the dose of 1.25, 2.5, 5.0 or 7.5 mg/kg i.v. per mouse. Total photoirradiation ranged from 0 to 150 J/cm2 and the dose rate was adjusted to 100 mW/cm2. Percentages of cures were determined from numbers of mice apparently disease-free 50 days after treatment. The results showed that this diode laser is effective in PDT of implanted fibrosarcoma after NPe6 administration. It also confirmed that the therapeutic effects of PDT were not due to hyperthermia. Moreover, the diode laser beam was demonstrated by CCD technology to be uniform in intensity throughout the photoirradiated field.
Infantile myofibromatosis, congenital fibrosarcoma and congenital/infantile haemangiopericytoma are generally considered distinct entities. Overlapping microscopic features between infantile myofibromatosis and congenital fibrosarcoma, and between infantile myofibromatosis and congenital/infantile haemangiopericytoma, however, have been noted, but not formally reported. This report concerns six neonatal tumours, each exhibiting more than one of the above patterns, supporting a histogenetic relationship among these entities. Immunohistochemistry for smooth muscle actin was found to be useful in the diagnosis of congenital/infantile haemangiopericytoma, and also served to support a histogenetic relationship with the other two entities under consideration.
A case of a 46-year-old Japanese male having fibrosarcoma of bone is reported. The tumor developed in the proximal metaphysis of the left femur. During the three years following onset of the disease with symptoms of local pain and mass, the patient was operated on three times (curettage and bone graft, curettage and bone graft with Jwett's nail fixation and disarticulation). The tumor was found to be an intraosseous translucent lesion on x-ray examiation. Histologically, the tumor consisted of compact or loose, atypical spindle cells, producing abundant collagen-fibers without any osteoid, bony or cartilage formation. From the clinical and pathological findings, this case is thought to be a typical central fibrosarcoma of bone.
An autopsy case of primary fibrosarcoma occurring in the liver of a 75-year-old female is presented. The tumor, arising from the lateral upper portion of the right lobe, measured 14 cm in greatest dimension. Light microscopy of the tumor revealed homogeneous, spindle-shaped cells with abundant collagen fibers showing a classic herring-bone pattern. Immunoreactive vimentin was found in the tumor cells. Electron microscopically, the tumor cells were rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum without a basement membrane, and were surrounded by large amounts of collagen fibers. The fibroblastic character of the tumor cells was suggested by light and electron microscopy. This may be the first reported case of primary hepatic fibrosarcoma examined by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy.
Primary meningeal sarcoma is a rare malignant tumour of the central nervous system and metastases to the liver, kidney and the suprarenal gland have not been reported elsewhere. A 47 year old Chinese woman who presented with a short history of headache and vomiting was found to have metastatic meningeal fibrosarcoma in the liver 4 months after resection of primary bifrontal meningeal fibrosarcoma. The computerized tomography findings and relevant histology are presented.
Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma, a rare malignant tumor of childhood, may present as a highly vascularized mass that is clinically difficult to distinguish from a hemangioma. When ulcerated, significant hemorrhage, anemia, and thrombocytopenia may occur in children with these lesions. This report describes three infants with ulcerated congenital infantile fibrosarcomas of the hand. As appropriate medical and surgical management hinges on timely and appropriate diagnosis, we review the clinical manifestations of these lesions.
OBJECTIVE: To report the use of arthroscopy and total hip arthroplasty (THA) for management of intermediate grade fibrosarcoma of the femoral head in a dog. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical case report. ANIMAL: A 6-year-old spayed female Rottweiler presented for evaluation of acute-onset of lameness of the right pelvic limb of approximately 10 days duration. METHODS: Coxofemoral arthroscopy was performed to obtain fine needle aspiration and Jamshidi biopsy of a lytic lesion of the femoral head. A cemented THA was performed removing as much of the femoral neck and proximal femur as possible while not compromising implant or joint stability. RESULTS: Histologic evaluation of specimens from the femoral head and neck remnants confirmed an intermediate grade fibrosarcoma. Fifteen months after THA, subjectively there was normal use of the right limb with only limited decrease in range of motion and mild muscular atrophy. Radiographs demonstrated stationary positioning of the THA implants. CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopy of the coxofemoral joint is an effective diagnostic tool for evaluation of disease of the articular structures and canine total hip replacement may be an appropriate means of limb salvage in rare cases of disease of the femoral head. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This case provides support for the use of coxofemoral arthroscopy as a diagnostic tool as well as an aid in acquiring representative intraarticular tissue samples. Additionally, the case presented demonstrates the potential use of THA as a limb sparing technique in cases of disease affecting the femoral head of dogs.
Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma (AFS) is a rare malignant tumor of the jaw. The malignant mesenchymal component of AFS has been described as 'fibroblast-like', although little is known about the immunophenotype, except for vimentin expression. Here, we present a case of AFS in a 62-year-old woman. The mesenchymal component displayed the features of either dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans or fibrosarcoma, and was positive for CD34. This is the first reported case of CD34 expressing AFS in the maxilla.
Fibrosarcoma is a common tumor affecting bone, but is uncommon in cows. Reported here are two bovine cases of facial fibrosarcoma that were very invasive.
The presence of H-2Ld antigens was evaluated in methylcholanthrene-induced BALB/c fibrosarcomas by a variety of approaches. Transplantation experiments showed that BALB/c-H-2dm2 mice, a mutant strain whose cells do not express H-2Ld antigens, after immunization with BALB/c normal tissues developed a resistance to the growth of two tumours (C-3 and GI-17), but not to a third neoplasm, C-1, which is known to have H-2d- as well as H-2k-like alien antigens. In vitro experiments with cytotoxic T lymphocytes generated against Ld antigens confirmed a loss of Ld antigens on C-1 but not on C-3 tumour cells. Serological experiments with an anti-Ld serum again revealed the presence of H-2Ld determinants on C-3 but not on C-1 cells. Biochemical analysis in SDS-PAGE of immunoprecipitates obtained by specific anti-H-2 sera with NP40 lysates of the tumours studied could detect H-2Kd, H-2Dd and H-2Ld antigens in C-3 fibrosarcoma cells whereas Kd and Dd were the only H-2d molecules found in C-1 lysate along with the H-2k-like specificities. The possible genetic mechanisms which may explain this apparent gain and loss modification of the H-2 profile of C-1 are discussed.
Albumin clearance and blood flow were measured in normal tissues and in fibrosarcomas by means of a multiple tracer method in intact male rats. Sarcomas implanted in testes had higher albumin clearances than the same tumours implanted in skeletal muscle, 59 and 26 microliters min-1 per 100 g, respectively. Albumin extraction (defined as the ratio of albumin clearance to plasma flow) was found to be 1 x 10(-4) - 14 x 10(-4) in normal tissues. Fibrosarcomas in muscle showed high extractions (24 x 10(-4)), especially in the central portions (96 x 10(-4)), where the extraction was similar to that in tumours implanted in the testes (111 x 10(-4)). The high albumin extraction in poorly perfused central parts of the muscle-implanted tumours and in the similarly insufficiently perfused testicular sarcomas is probably due to an increased endothelial permeability of the exchange vessels and not to an increased capillary exchange surface area compared with the better-perfused peripheral parts of the muscle-implanted tumours. The latter tissue also had a high albumin clearance, however, in the range of that of maximally dilated skeletal muscle vasculature, possibly reflecting a large functional capillary surface area.
A four-year-old, entire male Rottweiler was presented with a history of respiratory distress. A tracheal mass was diagnosed on thoracic radiographs and tracheoscopy. Surgical excision of three tracheal rings incorporating the tumour was performed. The mass was found to be a low-grade fibrosarcoma. Twenty-four months later, the owner reported that there was no recurrence of respiratory distress and the dog appeared to be doing well clinically. This case of primary tracheal fibrosarcoma suggests that this type of tumour should be listed in the differential diagnoses for tracheal neoplasia in dogs and that surgical treatment alone may be curative.
The myb oncogene encodes a DNA-binding transcriptional transactivator which can become a hematopoietic cell-transforming protein following the deletion of amino acid sequences from either its amino or carboxyl terminus. Although a number of hematopoietic tumors express terminally deleted variants of Myb, the involvement of truncated Myb in nonhematopoietic tumors has not been adequately investigated. To assess the full spectrum of Myb's oncogenic capability, a replication-competent retroviral vector (RCAMV) was used to express a full-length protein (C-Myb), an amino-terminally truncated protein (VCC- or delta N-Myb), a carboxyl-terminally truncated protein (T-Myb), or a doubly truncated protein (VCT-Myb) in vivo. These viruses were injected intravenously into 10-day chicken embryos, and the infected chicks were monitored for tumors. Approximately 4 to 8 weeks after hatching, the majority (30 of 39 [77%]) of animals infected with the T-Myb retrovirus (without 214 carboxyl-terminal residues) developed nodular muscle tumors which could be identified by both morphologic and immunohistochemical criteria as fibrosarcomas. Identically appearing tumors could also be found in the kidney of some T-Myb-infected animals. The T-Myb-induced fibrosarcomas expressed the appropriately sized T-Myb protein, contained an unaltered proviral T-myb gene, and showed clonal proviral integration sites. In comparison, no sarcomas were observed in any of the animals infected with the amino-terminally truncated (VCC- and delta N-Myb) or doubly truncated (VCT-Myb) viruses. A loss of carboxyl-terminal but not amino-terminal sequences can thus convert Myb into a potent in vivo transforming protein for nonhematopoietic mesenchymal cells. In comparison, a truncation of either or both ends of the protein can activate Myb into a hematopoietic cell-transforming protein.
The transformation-related protein p53 is normally very labile. The stability of p53 is significantly increased in a number of fibrosarcoma cell lines derived from mouse tumors induced by treatment with physical or chemical agents. In many instances, p53 stabilization is correlated with the ability to form a stable complex with the heat shock protein cognate hsc70. We describe a line in which p53 is very stable yet has no detectable interaction with hsc70. The inability to form such a complex probably resides in the primary structure of the endogenous p53, since introduction of other p53 variants into those cells resulted in the appearance of a p53-hsc70 complex. The factors affecting p53 stability were investigated by stable transfection experiments. The results indicated that the primary structure of the p53 protein is a major determinant of its turnover rate; different p53 variants were degraded at distinct and characteristic rates in a number of transformed cell types. However, at least one p53 variant was degraded differently in nontransformed BALB/c-3T3 than in transformed fibrosarcoma cells, demonstrating that the specific cellular environment can also affect the stability of p53.
A silver colloid technique to identify nucleolar organiser region associated protein (AgNOR) was applied to 16 fibrous proliferations of childhood and six low grade fibrosarcomas. The fibrous proliferations comprised five cases of infantile digital fibromatosis, seven of infantile desmoid type fibromatosis, and four of infantile myofibromatosis. The AgNORs were visualised as dots within the nuclei of the cells, and on the basis of their relative mean numbers of AgNORs fibrous proliferations of childhood could be easily differentiated from low grade infantile fibrosarcoma. The differences observed were significant (0.01 greater than p greater than 0.001). This technique, previously the province of the cytogeneticist, may be of use to the pathologist in differentiating infantile fibrous proliferations.
Cell surface plasminogen activators have been proposed to participate in cell migration and invasion by activating both intracellular signaling pathways and extracellular proteolysis. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) is secreted from many cell types and localizes to focal contact areas when cells are seeded onto the plasma protein vitronectin. Induction of vitronectin synthesis during migration of neural crest cells and growth of certain tumors suggests that the de novo synthesis and deposition of vitronectin into the tissue matrix may remodel the matrix to provide an environment suitable for cell migration and (or) tumor invasion. To investigate the effects of vitronectin secretion and matrix deposition on the localization and activity of cell-associated uPA, HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells were transfected with the Rc/CMV expression vector containing a vitronectin cDNA insert and stable cell lines expressing vitronectin were selected. Vitronectin-secreting cells were allowed to attach and spread on collagen- and fibronectin-coated substrates. Within 6 h, vitronectin was detected on the substrate; vitronectin synthesis was accompanied by the clustering of both the alpha v beta 5 vitronectin receptor and uPA into vinculin-containing focal adhesions. Although mock transfected cells formed small focal adhesions on both collagen and fibronectin, no co-localization of uPA or alpha v beta 5 to focal adhesions was evident in these cells. Vitronectin-secreting cells also exhibited decreased levels of plasminogen activation and increased levels of cell adhesion as compared with the mock transfected cells. These data demonstrate that the synthesis of vitronectin and its matrix association by transfected HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells results in localization of uPA to alpha v beta 5 containing focal adhesions, decreased cell surface uPA activity, and an increase in cell adhesion.