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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

An experimental bivalent peptide vaccine against schistosomiasis and fascioliasis.

With a view to producing peptides capable of inducing a protective immune response against Schistosoma mansoni and Fasciola hepatica, the sequence and structure of the protective antigens Sm14 and Fh15 were analyzed. Their C-termini showed a high level of sequence conservation which, together with models for their three-dimensional structures, aided in peptide selection. Vaccination trials in Swiss mice challenged with S. mansoni cercaria or F. hepatica metacercaria showed that peptides which included the sequences VTVGDVTA or EKNSESKLTQ were capable of inducing levels of protection equivalent to the recombinant form of Sm14. These peptides may represent an alternative to r-Sm14 for the development of a bivalent anti-helminth vaccine.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2003

Experimental fascioliasis in the rat-like hamster, Tscherskia triton, and other rodent hosts.

Experimental infection with Fasciola hepatica and parthenogenetic Fasciola sp. in laboratory animals have been conducted in rats and rabbits. Inoculation of less than 5 metacercariae into rat-like hamsters, Tscherskia triton, is sufficient to establish Fasciola infections. The prepatent period of F. hepatica and the parthenogenetic Fasciola sp. in T. triton was shorter than that in rats and rabbits, suggesting that T. triton is a suitable experimental model for these flukes. In contrast, F. gigantica infection in T. triton did not yield adult flukes; T. triton, is therefore, considered to be an unsuitable host for F. gigantica. The cotton rat, Sigmodon hispidus, was an unsuitable host for the parthenogenetic Fasciola sp.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Studies on naturally-occurring ovine fascioliasis in the Sudan.

Haematological, biochemical and pathological changes were investigated in 214 sheep naturally infected with Fasciola gigantica in an endemic area in the Sudan together with 82 uninfected controls. Infected animals showed a clear decrease in erythrocyte counts, haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume, a normochromic, normocytic anaemia, leucocytosis and eosinophilia. Serum concentrations of the enzymes glutamate dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase and glutamate oxaloacetic acid transaminase were also elevated in the infected group, indicating hepatic damage. This was confirmed by histopathological changes, which comprised degenerative and necrotic changes in hepatocytes associated with haemorrhage, fibrosis, increased lobulation of the liver, mononuclear cell infiltration with haemosiderin deposition in fluke tracks and portal areas and the formation of granulomata around fluke eggs and fluke remnants. In the infected group there was slight hyperglobulinaemia and a marked hypoalbuminaemia, with a decrease in A/G ratio. A slight rise in the level of serum bilirubin was also observed.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[The awareness of farmers with regard to bovine fascioliasis].

The owners of 54 cattle herds with bovine fasciolosis, as a livestock problem in Switzerland, were surveyed on their farm, on their education and knowledge on Fasciola hepatica. The aim of the survey was to assess the awareness of the farmers concerning this economically important parasitosis. The analysis of the questionnaires revealed that 72.2% of the farmers were unaware of the fasciolosis in their animals. The knowledge of 51 out of 54 (94.4%) respondents was classified as low to moderate, only four farmers (7.4%) had knowledge of control strategies in addition to the parasite cycle. The knowledge on fasciolosis did not correlate with farm data or year of graduation from school for agriculture. Furthermore, the results were compared to the answers of 33 farmers whose animals were not infected with Fasciola hepatica. Of this group of respondents 12.1% believed that their cattle suffered from fasciolosis.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1999

The Northern Bolivian Altiplano: a region highly endemic for human fascioliasis.

The worldwide importance of human infection by Fasciola hepatica has been recognized in recent years. The endemic region between Lake Titicaca and the valley of La Paz, Bolivia, at 3800-4100 m altitude, presents the highest prevalences and intensities recorded. Large geographical studies involving Lymnaea truncatula snails (malacological, physico-chemical, and botanic studies of 59, 28 and 30 water bodies, respectively, inhabited by lymnaeids; environmental mean temperature studies covering a 40-year period), livestock (5491 cattle) and human coprological surveys (2723 subjects, 2521 of whom were school children) were conducted during 1991-97 to establish the boundaries and distributional characteristics of this endemic Northern Altiplano region. The endemic area covers part of the Los Andes, Ingavi, Omasuyos and Murillo provinces of the La Paz Department. The human endemic zone is stable, isolated and apparently fixed in its present outline, the boundaries being marked by geographical, climatic and soil-water chemical characteristics. The parasite distribution is irregular in the endemic area, the transmission foci being patchily distributed and linked to the presence of appropriate water bodies. Prevalences in school children are related to snail population distribution and extent. Altiplanic lymnaeids mainly inhabit permanent water bodies, which enables parasite transmission during the whole year. A confluence of several factors mitigates the negative effects of the high altitude.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Circulating antibodies and antigens correlate with egg counts in human fascioliasis.

We explored the relationships between specific IgG antibody levels and circulating E/S antigen to intensity of Fasciola infection in the human host. Twenty patients with patent infection and six healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. Intensity of infection was determined by repeated egg counts in stools, while IgG antibodies against adult Fasciola gigantica somatic FI, FII and against E/S antigens were measured as ELISA O.D. readings. The level of circulating E/S antigens was determined by IELISA. Positivity as well as levels of antibodies and antigen correlated with infection intensity. These findings may disclose in the future a relation between morbidity in the acute phase and worm load.

Antibodies, Helminth↗
PubMed2000

[Fascioliasis after a stay in Turkey].

HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS: A 42-year-old man who had just returned from a trip to Turkey presented with recurrent right upper abdominal pain and bouts of fever. Physical examination was unremarkable except for an enlarged liver on palpation. INVESTIGATIONS: There was a slight increase in tests indicating cholestasis and in transminases. There was a marked eosinophilia of 57% in the differential blood count. Ultrasound examination indicated an inhomogeneous and enlarged right lobe of the liver with a 2.5 x 3 cm poorly circumscribed echo-poor space-occupying lesion. Computed tomography demonstrated multiple hypodense foci. Needle biopsy revealed a histological picture suggesting parasite infection. DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND COURSE: The patient was referred to a department of tropical medicine. His symptoms progressed and the antibody titre for Fasciola hepatica was increased, but no Fasciola eggs were found in the stool. Administration of triclabendazole resulted in lasting regression of the symptoms and a dramatic fall in eosinophilia to ultimately 6%. CONCLUSION: In eosinophilia of undetermined origin parasitic infection should be considered and any previous visit to countries with endemic parasitic disease taken into account.

Adult↗