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PubMed1984

Migration and the growth of metropolitan areas in the third world.

"The purpose of the present paper [is] to investigate further the role of migration in developing countries by analyzing the components of population growth in 26 large metropolitan areas in Africa, Asia, and Latin America." The process of urban population growth is first described. Then, using data from censuses and official U.N. sources, the author examines the relative importance of migration and natural increase in urban growth and in the growth of the largest urban areas. The focus is primarily on the period 1960-1970. Consideration is also given to "estimates of the natural increase of migrants after their arrival in the city in order to assess the full effect of net migration on metropolitan growth, analyses of the relationships between the components of growth and several structural variables and, finally, a discussion of the results." The importance of migration as a factor affecting urban growth is noted.

Demography↗
PubMed1985

[Re-estimation of the population by age and sex and vital rates in postwar Japan].

"In this study Japanese population by age and sex was re-estimated for the postwar years and both fertility and mortality rates were also re-estimated based on these revised populations." Using the cohort component method, the authors analyze data from seven censuses conducted between 1950 and 1980, adjusting for international migration. The revised population figures are then used to re-estimate age- and sex-specific death probabilities and to derive life table functions for the postwar years. Problems with the reliability of the census data are emphasized, in particular the under-enumeration of the total population and of specific subgroups, and the bias in offical birthrate estimates arising from the procedure for estimating mid-year populations. (summary in ENG)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Urbanization and internal migration.

This is a survey of the U.N. Population Division's contributions to the study of urbanization and internal migration, related research, and publications. In order to review these contributions, the relevant U.N. publications are classified under five broad topics: "estimates and projections of urban, rural and city populations, including problems of data comparability and methods to measure internal migration; monitoring of trends in urbanization; estimates and analyses of migration as a component of urban and metropolitan growth; studies of demographic and socio-economic aspects of urbanization, and studies of demographic and socio-economic aspects of internal migration."

Demography↗
PubMed1995

Australia's indigenous population: policy implications of demographic change.

"The demography of Australia's indigenous population is quite distinct from that of the mainstream.... Given the pressing policy significance of demographic analysis in indigenous affairs, three questions, in particular, appear of immediate relevance: How fast is the population growing and how is it likely to grow over the coming years? What is the age structure of the population and how is this likely to change? What is the spatial distribution of the population and how is this changing? This paper outlines the basic facts regarding each of these questions and considers the broad policy implications of indigenous population change into the new millennium."

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1997

Evaluation of technical quality of endodontic treatment--reliability of intraoral radiographs.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate: 1) the use of the conventional buccolingual radiographic projection for estimating the technical quality of endodontic treatment and 2) the effect of the surrounding tissues on these evaluations. The material consisted of three radiographs of each of 108 extracted roots: a clinical radiograph, an in vitro radiograph taken in the buccolingual projection, and an in vitro radiograph taken in the mesiodistal projection. The radiographs were analysed by two observers and consensus was reached and used in the analyses. The agreement between the two observers was good, but statistically significant differences were found between recordings of the seal in the clinical radiographs and the in vitro radiographs taken in the buccolingual projection. The length of the root filling in each of the three projections was interpreted to be the same, while both inadequate seal and visible lumen apical to the root filling were recorded less frequently in the clinical radiographs than in either of the two in vitro projections. This difference was most pronounced in molar teeth. It was concluded that the lengths of root fillings could be measured correctly in clinical radiographs. Due to the anatomy of root canals in incisors and canines, there was a risk of misinterpreting an inadequate seal as adequate in these teeth. The large amount of tissue surrounding molar teeth tended to cause an underregistration of both inadequate seal and lumen apical to the root fillings in these regions.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1982

Small area population estimation: a note on the state of the art.

"Inadequacies of the present migration data supply system in Scotland have been recently highlighted. The purpose of the present item is to enlarge upon problems of monitoring migration and in particular to draw attention to difficulties encountered in the use of the Register of Sasines as a migration data source. Finally, recent progress among Scottish local authorities in the matter of small area population estimation is documented."

Demography↗
PubMed1984

A comparison of population estimation methods: housing unit versus component II, ratio correlation, and administrative records.

The authors present the case for the housing unit (HU) method as a technique for estimating the population of states and local areas in the United States. They "evaluate population estimates produced by the housing unit method and by three other commonly used methods: component II, ratio correlation, and administrative records. Basing [the] analysis on 1980 census data from 67 counties in Florida and testing for precision, bias, and the distribution of errors, [they find that] application of the HU method performs at least as well as the more highly acclaimed methods of local population estimation."

Americas↗
PubMed1984

Miscounting the Spanish origin population in the United States: corrections to the 1970 census and their implications.

"The purpose of this...paper is three-fold: (a) to identify the discrepancies in the 1970 census figures [for the Spanish-origin population in the United States], (b) to suggest alternative strategies for correcting the original figures and briefly report on an estimate of the possible 'correct' figures for 1970, and (c) to briefly summarize the implications of the corrected figures for past and present research." The revised figures lower the total Spanish-origin population by about one million and increase the relative importance of specific groups, such as Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and Cubans. The results also indicate that the rate of growth for the Spanish-origin population from 1970 to 1980 was higher than previously estimated. (summary in FRE, SPA)

Americas↗
PubMed1990

Population estimates for small areas in Canada.

The author outlines population estimation techniques used by Statistics Canada. "The objectives of this paper are to (i) describe the methodology and data sources for estimating the population for census divisions (CDs) and census metropolitan areas (CMAs), and (ii) present the results of the evaluations of 1986 population estimates."

Americas↗