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PubMedDate not supplied

The color-vision approach to emotional space: cortical evoked potential data.

A framework for accounting for emotional phenomena proposed by Sokolov and Boucsein (2000) employs conceptual dimensions that parallel those of hue, brightness, and saturation in color vision. The approach that employs the concepts of emotional quality. intensity, and saturation has been supported by psychophysical emotional scaling data gathered from a few trained observers. We report cortical evoked potential data obtained during the change between different emotions expressed in schematic faces. Twenty-five subjects (13 male, 12 female) were presented with a positive, a negative, and a neutral computer-generated face with random interstimulus intervals in a within-subjects design, together with four meaningful and four meaningless control stimuli made up from the same elements. Frontal, central, parietal, and temporal ERPs were recorded from each hemisphere. Statistically significant outcomes in the P300 and N200 range support the potential fruitfulness of the proposed color-vision-model-based approach to human emotional space.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

An alternative technique for the computation of the designator in the retinex theory of color vision.

Accepting the first postulate of the retinex theory of color vision that there are three independent lightness-determining mechanisms (one for long waves, one for middle waves, and one for short waves), each operative with less than a millisecond exposure and each served by its own retinal pigment, a basic task of retinex theory becomes the determination of the nature of these mechanisms. Earlier references proposed several workable algorithms. [Land, E. H. (1959) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 45, 115-129; Land, E. H. (1959) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 45, 636-644; Land, E. H. (1983) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80, 5163-5169; Land, E. H. & McCann, J. J. (1971) J. Opt. Soc. Am. 61, 1-11; Land, E. H. (1986) Vision Res. 26, 7-21.] The present paper describes a relatively simple alternative technique for the computation of the designator in retinex theory and reports the general operational effectiveness of the new technique, including the competence, not possessed by earlier algorithms, for generating Mach bands.

Color Perception↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnosis and classification of variants of color vision in the light of new methodological approaches].

The authors suggest that the parameters of color force of the receptors and the possible abnormal disposition of their maximal sensitivity by the spectrum be taken into consideration in the diagnosis of color perception. Assessment of color force was acknowledged to be more significant than of color abnormalities, both from a viewpoint of occupational selection, and from a clinical viewpoint. This is reflected in the suggested classification of color vision and in recommendations for use in practical ophthalmology of new threshold tables created by Yustova-Alexeyeva et al. These tables are based on the results of colorimetric investigations, and the results of their trials are reliable.

Calorimetry↗
PubMed1987

[Color vision].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Color Perception↗
PubMed1983

Cellular mechanisms for color-coding in holostean retinas and the evolution of color vision.

Electrophysiological recording and microspectrophotometry were used to analyze retinal function in representatives of the two surviving genera of holostean grade fish--the bowfin (Amia calva) and gars (Lepisosteus sp.). The properties of the cone photopigments, horizontal cells and ganglion cells show that these holostean retinas have cellular mechanisms for color vision which are fundamentally similar to those previously described for teleosts, turtle and mammals. These findings suggest that trichromatic receptor systems and opponent color-coding mechanisms may have evolved in primitive Neopterygii or more ancient fish, before the advent of teleosts. In conjunction with other recent data on living representatives of primitive fishes, these findings also add renewed plausibility for the view that vertebrate color vision could have taken a common origin some 400 million years ago from an ancestral aquatic jawed vertebrate.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed2003

Color vision at low light intensity, dark adaptation, Purkinje shift, critical flicker frequency and the deterioration of vision at low illumination. Neurophysiology at the nanometer range of neural structure.

The discovery that color vision extends to low illumination reported in this communication eliminates the duplicity theory as an explanation of vision differing at high and low illumination. Instead, an explanation of the difference was found when analyzing synaptic interaction between retinal neurons, made possible by revealing the synaptic connections between the neurons through three-dimensional reconstruction of the outer plexiform layer and by applying information communicated by published recordings of the potential of retinal neurons. The synaptic connections revealed the existence of a large horizontal cell network and of cone networks. The networks contribute continuous information regarding average light intensity over an area of the retina. The opposite sign of the network input maintains bipolar cell threshold constant when illumination varies. When at low illumination the network potential approaches a minimum the consequent extensive increase of transmitter release at network synapses eliminates fine tuning of synaptic transmission at these synapses. This accounts for the deterioration of vision at low illumination by eliminating spatial brightness contrast enhancement and also accounts for the difference in critical flicker frequency at high and low illumination. Network interference accounts for the two phases of dark adaptation and for the Purkinje shift. The analysis revealed conditions for particularly fast synaptic transmission leading to cascade like transmission at sequences of synapses. The overall design of the neural circuits establishes conditions for fast processing of information. This is the consequence of the neurons responding with graded changes of the membrane potential and conducting potentials electrotonically. Such neurons are therefore particularly suitable for processing of information.

Animals↗