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At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Clinical applications of a polyphosphazene-based resilient denture liner.

The use of resilient denture liners provides an invaluable modality in removable prosthodontic treatment. Treatment of atrophic mandibles, preoperative and postoperative soft tissue management, and retention of removable prosthesis are a few applications of these materials. This article describes the clinical application of a polyphosphazene-based liner (Novus, Hygenic Corp, Dayton, OH) as a denture liner and retentive material in conventional and implant overdenture rehabilitation.

Dental Implants↗
PubMed1999

Clinical applications of functional MRI at 1.0 T: motor and language studies in healthy subjects and patients.

In this article we describe clinical applications of functional MRI (fMRI) at 1.0 T. All experiments were performed on a commercially available 1.0-T system (Magnetom Impact Expert, Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany) using a blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD)-sensitive multi-slice EPI technique (TE 66 ms, 4 mm slice thickness, 210 mm field of view, 64 x 64 acquisition matrix). Different paradigms for localization of the motor cortex and for language lateralization were tested in healthy subjects and patients. Methodological considerations concerning the development of the paradigms are also described. In all healthy subjects, motor activation elicited BOLD signal changes in the sensorimotor cortex, permitting identification of primary motor and sensory cortical areas. Furthermore, focal activation of different cortical areas by a language task was possible in 6 of 10 subjects. Nineteen motor studies were performed in 18 patients with supratentorial lesions, in most cases prior to neurosurgical procedures. In 14 studies, fMRI results demonstrated the localization of the motor hand areas relative to the lesion. The results proved valuable for preoperative planning and contributed to therapeutical decisions. We conclude that functional MRI for clinically relevant applications, such as localization of motor and language function, is feasible even at a field strength of 1.0 T without dedicated equipment.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[The clinical application of intracranial artery canulation technique (author's transl)].

The introduction of the microscope into the neurosurgical operating theater brought the significant change on its operative results. However, even by means of the meticulous microsurgical techniques, certain intracranial lesion like deep-seated AVM cannot yet be successfully treated. Instead of the extravascular approach, intravascular treatment of these lesions has been evolved and become the great aid for the therapeutic purpose. In 1974 Serbinenko published his excellent work about his detachable balloon catheter technique. He succeeded in treating the intracranial lesions by the intravascular approach with the more exact manner than before. The balloon could make it possible to guide the small catheter into the distal branch of intracranial arteries. And also the balloon was detached and use as embolus. Until now, various balloon catheters become clinically available. Among them the catheter which Kerber devised is made of soft silicone and equipped with microballoon at the distal end. Although the balloon itself cannot be detached, it has a small hole at its top and can deliver the fluid through this opening (calibrated leak). The method for this catheter usage is as follows. Using Seldinger technique, the non-tapered thin wall catheter has to be placed on the proximal side of the attempted artery as the introducing catheter. Through it, balloon catheter is cannulated coaxically and navigated more distally with the inflation or deflation of the balloon. Clinical application of this catheter include the superselective angiography, drug infusion and selective embolization. For the embolization, fluid embolus must be chosen. At this time cyanoacrylate, a potent tissue adhesive, is used as the embolus and injected with the mixture of Pantopaque and tantalum powder. Two cases of deep seated cerebral AVM were treated by selective embolization. AVM was completely occluded in one case, in the other case the embolization was interrupted because of worsening of neurologic defecits. In conclusion, the calibrated leak balloon catheter (Kerber) has wide range of clinically applicable potential and will become the great aid for the intravascular treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Clinical application of Er:YAG laser for cavity preparation in children.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical usefulness of Er:YAG laser for cavity preparation in children. BACKGROUND DATA: The conventional methods for cavity preparation instill fear and discomfort in pediatric patients. The Er:YAG laser is a new tool developed for cavity preparation; however, there are few reports of its clinical application. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A clinical evaluation using an Er:YAG laser was carried out using 32 subjects (with 16 deciduous and 19 permanent teeth) with ages ranging from 2 to 12 years. All cavities were restored with light-cured composite resin following the application of bonding agent, but without acid etching or primer conditioning. RESULTS: During laser treatment, the pediatric patients were very cooperative and hardly complained of any pain, and no tooth showed undesirable effects during the 3-year period of observation. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded from the results of this study that an Er:YAG laser would be a useful alternative method for cavity preparation for composite resin restoration in children.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical application of the medial fasciocutaneous flap of arm].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical application of the medial arm fasciocutaneous flap based on the medial septocutaneous branches of the brachial vessel. METHODS: Since 1994, the medial arm fasciocutaneous flap based on the medial septocutaneous branches of the branchial vessel has been used to cure scar contracture of axillary and elbow joint, radiated ulcer of the chest wall. Eighteen clinical cases were reported. Among them, there were 14 males and 4 females, aged from 6 to 48 years old. The flaps, of which 3 were proximally based and 15 distally based, were designed 23 cm x 11 cm as maximal size and 10 cm x 6 cm as minimal size. RESULTS: All the flaps survived and the excellent function and cosmetic result were achieved. CONCLUSION: The medial arm fasciocutaneous flap is thin, soft and relatively hairless, so it is suitable for repairing the soft tissue defect of the axillary or elbow joint. There are consistently present perforators at both ends that allow one to rotate long flaps around pivoting points immediate to the areas needing coverage. Moreover, this flap is characterized by the simplicity of the surgical techniques and circulatory reliability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Lateral arm fascial flap: microarterial anatomy and potential clinical applications.

Previously, muscle flaps and the omentum have been used to indirectly vascularize tissues. Induction of synangiogenesis, or indirect vascularization through the formation of collateral vessels, occurs through the development of vascular connections at the interface between the donor and recipient tissues. Unfortunately, muscle and omental flaps are bulky and, when used to salvage ischemic hands and digits, may limit digital range of motion. Additionally, disadvantages to using omentum include a requirement for an intraabdominal procedure and a lack of subsequent donor tissue if the contralateral limb becomes involved at a later time. The purpose of this anatomic study was to develop a customized lateral arm fascial flap (LAFF) which may be used for flap prefabrication or synangiogenesis of non-bypassable ischemia. Detailed anatomic dissections were performed to more thoroughly define the microvascular anatomy of the LAFF. Computer analysis of the data was performed to demonstrate the potential clinical application of using the LAFF. Dissections revealed a consistent pattern of vessels branching within the lateral arm fascia and to the neighboring musculature. In order to optimize the surgical use of available tissue, computer-aided design techniques were used to model a reliable fascial free flap for inducing synangiogenesis while imparting minimal donor-site morbidity. Anatomic studies of the LAFF revealed pitfalls in flap dissection, while computer-generated models illustrated the detailed microarterial anatomy of the LAFF and potential limitations in flap design. Potential clinical applications for use of this low-profile fasciovascular conduit are noted.

Arm↗
PubMed1989

Mechanical properties and clinical applications of orthodontic wires.

This review article describes the mechanical properties and clinical applications of stainless steel, cobalt-chromium, nickel-titanium, beta-titanium, and multistranded wires. The consolidation of this literature will provide the clinician with the basic working knowledge on orthodontic wire characteristics and usage. Mechanical properties of these wires are generally assessed by tensile, bending, and torsional tests. Although wire characteristics determined by these tests do not necessarily reflect the behavior of the wires under clinical conditions, they provide a basis for comparison of these wires. The characteristics desirable in an orthodontic wire are a large springback, low stiffness, good formability, high stored energy, biocompatibility and environmental stability, low surface friction, and the capability to be welded or soldered to auxiliaries. Stainless steel wires have remained popular since their introduction to orthodontics because of their formability, biocompatibility and environmental stability, stiffness, resilience, and low cost. Cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) wires can be manipulated in a softened state and then subjected to heat treatment. Heat treatment of Co-Cr wires results in a wire with properties similar to those of stainless steel. Nitinol wires have a good springback and low stiffness. This alloy, however, has poor formability and joinability. Beta-titanium wires provide a combination of adequate springback, average stiffness, good formability, and can be welded to auxiliaries. Multistranded wires have a high springback and low stiffness when compared with solid stainless steel wires. Optimal use of these orthodontic wires can be made by carefully selecting the appropriate wire type and size to meet the demands of a particular clinical situation.

Chromium Alloys↗
PubMed2003

Three-dimensional ultrasonography in gynecology: technical aspects and clinical applications.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to review the technical aspects and clinical applications of three-dimensional ultrasonography in gynecologic imaging. METHODS: With the use of a computerized database (MEDLINE), articles on three-dimensional ultrasonography were reviewed. Other pertinent references were obtained from the references cited in these articles. In addition, we reviewed our own clinical experience over the past 7 years. RESULTS: Numerous applications of three-dimensional ultrasonography have been reported, including imaging of the uterus, the endometrial cavity, adnexa, and the pelvic floor and color and power Doppler applications. The accuracy of volume calculations and the networking opportunities with three-dimensional ultrasonography have also been reported. Technical problems and limitations of this technique are summarized. CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional ultrasonography has proved to be a useful imaging tool for clinical problem solving in gynecology, especially in imaging the uterus and uterine cavity.

Female↗
PubMed2005

Preparation and clinical application of indomethacin gel for medical treatment of stomatitis.

The preparation and clinical applications of indomethacin (IM) gel were investigated in the treatment of stomatitis resulting from chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer. IM gel was prepared by adding various water-soluble polymers [hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), etc.] to IM aqueous solution. The release rate of IM from IM gels was found to decrease with increasing polymer concentration and viscosity and to follow a first-order reaction rate equation. The release rate of IM from the IM gel with HPC was decreased gradually with increasing polymer concentration and to be easily controllable compared with gels with other polymers. The time before pain relief occurred after application of the IM gel was slightly shorter and the duration of pain relief was longer compared with the IM aqueous solution. It was confirmed that IM gel is useful in the treatment of stomatitis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2003

The clinical applications of heat shock protein inhibitors in cancer - present and future.

The potential clinical applications of the prototype first-in-class Hsp90 inhibitor 17AAG and other emerging Hsp90 drugs are very exciting. Rigorously planned and executed clinical trials, incorporating measurement of appropriate biomarkers and pharmocodynamic endpoints are critical for selecting the optimal dose and schedule. A detailed understanding of the molecular mode of action of Hsp90 inhibitors alongside the elucidation of the molecular pathology of individual cancers will help us to identify tumour types and individual patients that will benefit most from treatment. Careful in vitro and in vivo experiments are needed to choose the most potentially advantageous combination studies. It is important to construct a pharmacologic audit trail linking molecular biomarkers and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters to tumour response endpoints. Phase I clinical studies with 17AAG have shown that the drug can be given at does that are well tolerated and that also achieve active pharmacokinetic exposures and elicit molecular signatures of gene and protein expression that are indicative of Hsp90 inhibition. Furthermore, examples of disease stabilisation have been documented, consistent with the generally cytostatic responses that are seen in animal models. Selecting tumour types for Phase II clinical trials must involve balancing 1) our knowledge of molecular response determinants, such as the expression of and dependence upon key client proteins and 2) more pragmatic evidence of antitumour activity in the relevant preclinical models. Examples of likely disease targets include chronic myeloid leukaemia, melanoma, breast, ovarian, brain, thyroid, colorectal and prostate cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Video fluorescein angiography: method and clinical application.

Video fluorescein angiography, combined with a picture analyzing system, is a clinically applicable, objective method of evaluating the retinal blood-flow parameters. Optical density measurements were performed on videorecordings of fluorescence angiograms by means of a picture-analyzing system in order to determine the circulation parameters of the retina. These included: the arm-retina time (ART), the arteriovenous passage time (AVP), and the mean arterial dye-bolus velocity (MDV). Normal values for these parameters were derived from measurements in 75 healthy volunteers. The mean arm-retina time (ART) was 11.2 +/- 3.3 s, the mean arteriovenous passage time (AVP) 1.45 +/- 0.4 s and the mean arterial dye-bolus velocity (MDV) 6.39 +/- 1.7 mm/s. No significant correlation could be shown between pulse or blood pressure and one of the retinal circulation parameters. A group of ten healthy volunteers was examined twice in order to obtain the intraindividual variation for the measuring parameters. The coefficient of variation for the ART was 18%, 10% for the AVP, and 26% for the MDV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Mobilized blood CD34+ cells transduced and selected with a clinically applicable protocol reconstitute lymphopoiesis in SCID-Hu mice.

We developed a clinically applicable gene transfer procedure into mobilized peripheral blood (MPB) CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells, based on single viral exposure and selection of engineered cells. CD34(+) cells were transduced with a retroviral vector carrying the truncated form of the nerve growth factor receptor (Delta NGFR) marker gene, and immunoselected for Delta NGFR expression. Optimal time and procedure for viral exposure, length of culture, and transgene expression of MPB CD34(+) cells were determined using in vitro assays. The multipotent capacity of MPB CD34(+)-transduced cells was demonstrated in the SCID-hu bone/liver/thymus mouse model. Transduced Delta NGFR(+) cells retained 50% of long-term culture-colony forming cells (LTC-CFC) compared to unmanipulated CD34(+) cells. In SCID-hu mice, 52% of CD45(+) cells, 27% of CD34(+) cells, 49% of B cells, and more than 50% of T cells were derived from transplanted CD34(+)/Delta NGFR(+) cells. Furthermore, transplantation of purified transduced cells greatly reduced the competition with untransduced progenitors occurring in unselected grafts. These data demonstrate that MPB CD34(+) cells, transduced with a single viral exposure and selected by transgene expression, retain multilineage reconstitution capacity and remarkable transgene expression.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical application of computed arthroscope of the temporomandibular joint].

OBJECTIVE: The effect of clinical application on the computed arthroscope of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is evaluated. METHODS: The single arthroscopic images were input into computer and memorized into magneto optical disk. With the help of Photoshop 5.0 in WINDOWS 95, the images were combined by technique of virtual process, adjusted by rotation of images, marginal blur, and chromatism correction to compound sagittal and/or coronal panoramic images of articular surfaces. According to different needs, the composite images can be printed with different printers. During the period from May 1998 to May 1999, the TMJ preoperative panoramic images were composed with computed arthroscope (CA) in the 32 joints. Of them, there were 12 joints with internal derangement (ID), 8 osteoarthrosis (OA), 8 adhesion, 2 disk perforation, and 2 synovial chondromatosis. The post-operative panoramic images were also made up to evaluate the surgical effects in 10 joints. RESULTS: In all of 32 joints, the 32 panoramic arthroscopic images of upper cavities were composed. In addition, the images of lower cavities were composed in 2 OA and 1 perforation. The postoperative panoramic images were also made up in 4 OA, 4 adhesion, and 2 synovial chondromatosis. All of the above-mentioned images showed integrally the entire structure of articular cavity, intracapsular pathologic/surgical appearances, and the relationships among the different tissues or articular surfaces. CONCLUSION: The CA can enhance the comprehensive ability of diagnostic arthroscope, and help to exchange and spread the experiences of the TMJ arthroscopic surgery.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1987

Clinical application of a new simple method for the identification of mucopolysaccharidoses.

The clinical application of a new method for the quantitative determination of urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) is presented. 115 normal subjects and 44 patients affected by different types of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSo-ses) have been studied by this method in comparison with the conventional borate-carbazole method. All patients showed an urinary GAG excretion well above the normal subjects. In particular, patients affected by Morquio syndrome showed values well beyond the normal range; on the contrary, with the borate-carbazole method, 6 out of 7 patients had borderline values of urinary GAGs. The new method is also more rapid and easier to perform than conventional methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Clinical application of biofeedback treatment with a microvibration transducer.

This article demonstrates one clinical application of biofeedback treatment with a microvibration (MV) transducer to relieve functional tremors. A MV transducer, a kind of accelerometer, was originally developed to detect invisible tremors from the body surface but this equipment is also utilized to detect visible tremors to convert them to auditory signals. Our method uses almost the same procedure as electromyographic biofeedback treatment. The threshold level for production of auditory signals should be determined as high as possible between the superimposed amplitudes of essential MV and tremor components. As the sessions progress, the predeterminate threshold level should be gradually lowered to almost the same amplitude as MV itself. In determining the threshold, it is more appropriate to utilize records of the frequency band in which the tremor components are described more clearly, in order to remove noises or MV waves of different frequency ranges. Because of the high sensitivity of this accelerometer, such "tremor feedback" treatment can be recommended only if the tremor is present while the patient is resting or remains still.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Magnetoencephalography: its principles and clinical application].

This review attempts to provide the basis of neuromagnetism and its clinical applications. The progress in this field has been connected with the introduction of SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) magnetometer which was produced by the progress of low temperature physics. A magnetic field is generated by an electric current in accordance with 'the right hand law', and the magnetic field pattern inevitably crosses orthogonally that of the electric field. A SQUID magnetometer is able to only detect the magnetic field which is generated by the current dipole orientated parallel to the skull surface. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) has several advantages compared to electroencephalography (EEG). One is its more excellent spatial resolution than that of EEG, and the other is a non-contact measurement, i. e., a noninvasive method. Therefore, MEG measurement could not interfere with sweating on the skull skin or a depolarization between skin and electrodes. This advantage allows it to record the magnetic field generated by the direct current potential in the cortical surface, and one example, that is, direct current magnetic fields evoked by slow potential changes in rat brain during asphyxia, are shown.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cystic fibrosis: genetics and clinical applications.

The most recent advances about cystic fibrosis genetics are revised. Their clinical applications are reviewed: prenatal diagnosis, heterozygote screening, genotype and phenotype correlation, gene therapy.

Cystic Fibrosis↗
PubMed2006

[Clinical application of vacuum pack system for temporary abdominal closure].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical application of a new temporary abdominal wound closure,vacuum system for temporary management of the open abdomen. METHODS: Vacuum pack system consisted of polyethylene sheet,surgical towel,silicone drain, adhesive plastic drape. Clinical data of the patients undergoing exploratory celiotomy were recorded,and the indications for such temporary abdominal closure and its complications were reviewed. RESULTS: Thirteen trauma patients underwent such vacuum abdominal closure for 15 times, including 5 times (33.3%) for increased intra- abdominal pressure so that tension-free fascial closure was unable to achieve, 4 times (26.7%) for reexploration, 2 times (13.3%) for damage control, and 4 times (26.7%) for combined factors. Finally, seven patients (53.8%) received direct closure and 5 patients (38.5%) received skin grafting after granulation because the defect could not be closed directly. One patient (7.7%) died before abdominal closure was attempted. None of the patients developed enterocutaneous fistula and evisceration. Three patients (23.1%) developed intra-abdominal abscess. CONCLUSIONS: The vacuum pack is a better temporary abdominal wound closure device, and primary closure can be achieved in most of the patients. The technique is simple and easily mastered with a low complication rate.

Abdominal Injuries↗