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PubMed2006

The validity and reliability of the functional impairment checklist (FIC) in the evaluation of functional consequences of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS).

Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS) contributed to significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. We aimed to establish the validity, reliability and responsiveness of the functional impairment checklist (FIC) as a measurement tool for physical dysfunction in SARS survivors. One hundred and sixteeen (65 females and 51 males, mean age 45.6) patients who joined the SARS rehabilitation programme were analysed. The factor analysis yielded two latent factors. The mean FIC-symptom and FIC-disability score were 24.12 (SD +/- 20.2) and 26.11 (SD +/- 27.32), respectively. Based on the item-scale correlation coefficients, the Cronbach's alpha coefficients reflecting the internal consistency reliability of scale score were 0.75 for FIC-symptom and 0.86 for FIC-disability. Test-retest reliability in 23 patients showed no statistical significant difference in the FIC scores between tests with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.49-0.57. The FIC scales correlated both with 6 munute walking test (6MWT) distance (-0.26 and -0.38) and handgrip strength (HGS) (-0.20 and -0.27). Moreover, the FIC scales correlated with St. George's respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) (0.19 to 0.52) and short form 36 Hong Kong (SF-36) domains (-0.19 to -0.59). Both FIC scales correlated stronger with physical component summary (PCS) (-0.41 and -0.55) than with mental component summary (MCS) (-0.30 and -0.23). FIC reduced significantly at 6 months while the SF-36 PCS and MCS did not show any change. In conclusion, the study results indicate the FIC is reliable, valid and responsive to change in symptom and disability as a consequence of SARS, suggesting it may provide a means of assessing health related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes in a longitudinal follow up.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist (PCL).

The psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist (PCL), a new, brief, self-report instrument, were determined on a population of 40 motor vehicle accident victims and sexual assault victims using diagnoses and scores from the CAPS (Clinician Administered PTSD Scale) as the criteria. For the PCL as a whole, the correlation with the CAPS was 0.929 and diagnostic efficiency was 0.900 versus CAPS. Examination of the individual items showed wide ranging values of individual item correlations ranging from 0.386 to 0.788, and with diagnostic efficiencies of 0.700 or better for symptoms. We support the value of the PCL as a brief screening instrument for PTSD.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1990

A preliminary comparison of healthy elderly and young adults on the SUNYA Revision of the Psychosomatic Symptom Checklist.

Elderly (n = 30) and young (n = 30) subjects, equated in terms of general physical health, education and depression, were compared in terms of Total, Frequency and Intensity scores on the psychosomatic symptom checklist (PSC). Elderly subjects scored significantly lower than young subjects for both PSC Total and PSC Intensity scores. These results call into question the practice of aggregating PSC data from age heterogeneous samples and indicate the importance of reporting all three PSC scores.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Parent-child agreement on children's behaviours reported by the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL).

The authors examined agreement between parent and child ratings on the Child Behaviour Checklist in a sample of 1299 referred adolescents over a period of three years. Correlations ranged between 0.72 and 0.08 (mean = 0.28), while agreement using kappa was similar but slightly lower (mean = 0.24; range 0.71-0.07). Agreement on externalizing was higher than on internalizing items, and concordance increased with age for boys, while there were no differences in parent-child agreement between boys and girls. Agreement was higher for dimensions of behaviour, e.g. depression (r = 0.40).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Sexual abuse trauma among professional women: validating the Trauma Symptom Checklist-40 (TSC-40).

This study examines the usefulness of the Trauma Symptom Checklist (TSC-40) in measuring the long-term sequelae of sexual abuse. In a national survey of 2,963 professional women, the TSC-40 was found to be reliable and to display predictive validity with regard to childhood sexual victimization. Women who reported a sexual abuse history scored significantly higher than did women with no history of abuse on each of the six subscales and on the overall TSC-40 score. Various aspects of childhood victimization were associated with the subscale scores, with the Sexual Abuse Trauma Index and Dissociation subscales being more sensitive to the specific components of the abuse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The validation of the Trauma Symptom Checklist-40 (TSC-40) in a sample of inpatients.

This study examined the construct validity of the Trauma Symptom Checklist-40 (TSC-40; Elliot & Briere, 1992) in a sample of 130 female psychiatric inpatients. Consistent with other findings, the TSC-40 displayed criterion-related validity in relation to childhood sexual abuse. Survivors of sexual abuse obtained significantly higher scores than those without such a history on the overall TSC-40 and on each of the six subscales, except the Depression subscale. Convergent validity of three subscales was demonstrated, and divergent validity on the total TSC-40 and each of its subscales was established. Further, among a range of abuse-effects measures, the Sexual Abuse Trauma Index (SATI) subscale was the most powerful predictor of sexual abuse. The SATI and Dissociation subscales were the subscales most sensitive to the specific features of the sexual abuse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Interventions in consultation-liaison psychiatry: the development of a schema and a checklist for operationalized interventions.

A literature review and pilot investigations reveal that (ward-) management consultation-liaison (C/L) psychiatry recommendations are infrequent and unsystematically used. Furthermore, the communication with the operational group as defined by Meyer and Mendelson is not sufficiently activated. The major focus of the consultation is the first contact, but follow-up is infrequent. With the exception of biologic recommendations and disposition, chart notes by psychiatric consultants do not sufficiently specify the actions to be taken by the ward staff in a general hospital. A schema for the systematic organization of the intervention was developed. A checklist of operationalized C/L interventions is reported. This combination provides a tool for the systematic use of strategic ward management and discharge recommendations. Its basic structure is currently integrated in MICRO CARES [Hammer et al, SCAMC]. The impact on clinical care, education, and research is described.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1990

The Psychiatric Consultation Checklist: a structured form to improve the clarity of psychiatric consultation requests.

Medical specialty consultation is requested to obtain expert review of a patient's condition. The specialist usually receives a case synopsis with pertinent positives and negatives and a specific request for assistance. In contrast, the psychiatrist often gets a statement of diagnostic speculation (e.g., "depressed") with a request to "please evaluate." Classically, the psychiatric consultant begins with open-ended empathic questioning in an attempt to redefine the written consultation question. However, given the difficulty consultees have in forming questions, and increasing time limitations, a more structured approach to obtaining data might assist both the consultee (M.D. requesting assistance) and the consultant (psychiatrist). The Psychiatric Consultation Checklist (PCC) was devised to function as a paper "expert" questioning system to provide such assistance. In a pilot study, 10 administrations of the PCC took an average of 3.6 minutes. In comparison to consultations using standard forms, more data were supplied in several categories when the PCC was used, particularly regarding patient stressors, patient behaviors of concern, and consultee speculation on psychiatric diagnostic formulation. The PCC may be used in consultation research, for assessment and education of physicians in training (regarding psychiatric issues in the medical/surgical setting), and for general clinical consultation purposes.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

The Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL)--factors derived from the HSCL-90.

A factor analysis of the 90-item version of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist, performed on the pretreatment self-ratings of nonpsychotic outpatients with symptoms of depression and anxiety, revealed the presence of 8 clinically meaningful factors. These eight orthogonal factors each contained at least 5 items with loadings above 0.40 and explained 4.5% or more of the matrix variance. They were labeled Somatization, Phobic-Anxiety, Retarded Depression, Agitated Depression, Obsessive-Compulsive, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Anger-Hostility and Psychoticism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Reliability of checklist-guided diagnoses for DSM-IIIR affective and anxiety disorders.

The test-retest reliability of DSM-IIIR diagnoses for affective and anxiety disorders was determined under clinical routine conditions in a psychiatric outpatient department. The sample consisted of 60 patients, and the Munich Diagnostic Checklists (MDCL) were administered for diagnostic evaluation and classification. Each subject was independently examined by two of four participating diagnosticians (two psychiatrists, two psychologists). Acceptably high levels of agreement were indicated by several statistics (including kappa) for most disorders. Reliability was analyzed for diagnoses, subclassifications, and symptoms. Reduced agreement was found only for dysthymia, agoraphobia, and social phobia. Major causes were information variance and weaknesses of operationalization. Overall results were satisfactory when compared with other reliability studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Extraction of depression scores in adolescents from a general-purpose behaviour checklist.

Using a clinical sample of adolescents (n = 207), an attempt was made to find whether a multi-purpose, multi-informant instrument which measures a number of symptom domains, such as the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)/Youth Self-Report (YSR), could be used to extract Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) scores. Using item analysis procedures, a cluster of 15 items was selected from the YSR, which yielded a correlation of 0.74 with the CDI. The internalising scale of the YSR also correlated highly (0.73) with the CDI score. The corresponding CBCL items and scales showed poor capacity in predicting CDI scores.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Diagnostic accuracy in adolescents of several depression rating scales extracted from a general purpose behavior checklist.

Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis of six depression scales extracted from the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Youth Self-report (YSR) in a clinically referred sample of adolescents (N = 667) showed that their performance in discriminating between depressed and not depressed patients was comparable to other specifically designed depression rating scales (area under the ROC curves between 0.75 and 0.82). Performance was better for boys than for girls. These results suggest that specific depression self-report rating scales may be unnecessary in adolescents if CBCL or YSR data are available, and that self-reports are not more accurate than parent-reports in the identification of depression in this age group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Measurement of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology: utility of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist.

The Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL) was administered to 62 obsessive-compulsive and 49 nonobsessional patients to examine the reliability and validity of the obsessive-compulsive scale as well as four additional subscales identified in previous research. Test-retest correlation coefficients were generally below acceptable levels. Analyses of construct validity suggested that the obsessive-compulsive scale correlated significantly with other measures of such symptomatology only after treatment when the range of scores was broader than before treatment. The HSCL detected change following treatment on the total score and on four of the five clusters. The obsessive-compulsive scale effectively discriminated obsessive-compulsive patients from other anxious-neurotic patients but a reliable cut-off score that did not misclassify a substantial percentage of patients could not be found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The Symptom Checklist-90: Obsessive-Compulsive Subscale: A reliability and validity study.

Twenty-three nondepressed patients with DSM-III obsessive-compulsive disorder completed the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), and the National Institute of Mental Health Global Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (NIMH-GOCS) once a week for a total of three times during a 2-week medication-free period and 10 times during a 10-week double-blind drug treatment period. The pretreatment test-retest reliabilities were determined for the Y-BOCS, NIMH-GOCS, and the SCL-90-Obsessive-Compulsive Subscale (SCL-90-OCS). Comparisons of the three instruments revealed that the Y-BOCS and the NIMH-GOCS were significantly more reliable than the SCL-90-OCS. Posttreatment correlations were obtained between change scores on the Y-BOCS and NIMH-GOCS and the SCL-90-OCS. Correlations were high and statistically significant for both the Y-BOCS and the NIMH-GOCS, but the correlations of the SCL-90-OCS with the Y-BOCS, NIMH-GOCS, Physician's Global Rating, and the Patient's Global Rating were poor. The findings suggest that the SCL-90-OCS may not be a sensitive instrument in assessing change in obsessive-compulsive symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Assessment of the components of observed chronic pain behavior: the Checklist for Interpersonal Pain Behavior (CHIP).

This article describes the development of the Checklist for Interpersonal Pain Behavior (CHIP), an observation scale which assesses overt pain behavior. The study is an extension of an earlier study in which the dimensions and components of observed chronic pain behavior were examined. A broad definition of pain behavior is chosen (interpersonal pain behavior), namely the interaction between the pain patient and his/her direct environment. The list of pain behaviors, taken from the earlier study, has been transformed into a 78-item global rating scale to be used by nurses to quantify observed pain behavior in a clinical setting. Six studies examine the factor structure and the psychometric properties of this behavioral observation method. In the first study, 6 internally reliable factors are derived using factor analytic techniques from a sample of 152 chronic pain patients. They are labeled as: 'distorted mobility,' 'verbal complaints,' 'non-verbal complaints,' 'nervousness,' 'depression' and 'day sleeping.' Internal consistency of all factors, except 'day sleeping' was excellent. The following studies show that the CHIP is sufficiently reliable and valid. After a discussion on the advantages of this observation scale, the conclusion seems justified that the CHIP is a useful tool in pain assessment that can easily be used by nurses.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The Substance Abuse Problem Checklist: a new clinical aid for drug and/or alcohol treatment dependency.

The Substance Abuse Problem Checklist (SAPC) is a self-administered pencil and paper inventory designed specifically to facilitate the counseling of drug and/or alcohol dependent patients. The SAPC provides a cost-effective, quick means of obtaining relevant information about personal and environmental (home, work, neighborhood) problems-in-living which patients typically have when seeking/entering treatment. The orientation of the SAPC is pragmatic and reflects AA and NA's emphasis on taking a personal inventory. The SAPC offers a variety of treatment, research, and administrative uses. Initial studies indicate high reliability.

Environment↗
PubMed1991

Rating problem behaviors in outpatients with mental retardation: use of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist.

Parent and teacher ratings of behavior problems of an outpatient sample of 110 children, adolescents, and young adults with IQs ranging from severe mental retardation to borderline were obtained using a modified version of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). Using factor analytic techniques, the five-factor structure of the parent data corresponded extremely well with the five factors originally obtained from staff ratings of mentally retarded inpatients (i.e., Irritability, Withdrawal, Hyperactivity, Stereotypies, and Inappropriate Speech). Factor content was virtually identical between the parent and original ABC data with differences involving only one or two items per scale. The teacher data also revealed a factor structure that corresponded to the same five factors as the parent and original data. Although the teacher and parent factors showed a high degree of similarity, the teacher data suggested that the Stereotypies and Inappropriate Speech factors of the parent and original analyses were not the same constructs for teacher respondents. Age was related to the withdrawal factor for parent data; level of intellectual functioning was the only subject characteristic related to factor scale scores in both parent and teacher data. Test-retest reliabilities were adequate to excellent for all factors for both parent and teacher data. Parent-teacher cross-informant reliabilities were adequate for at least four of the factors. The results of the report indicate that the ABC is a useful, reliable instrument for assessing maladaptive behaviors in young, developmentally disabled outpatients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development and evaluation of the Active Treatment Client Rights Checklist.

The role of active treatment has been recognized as vital to the habilitation of persons with mental retardation; however, evaluating the provision of active treatment has been difficult. This study describes the development of the Active Treatment Client Rights checklist (ATCR), which was designed to facilitate the assessment, monitoring, and implementation of readily observable client active treatment services. This investigation provides an explanation of item content, initial reliability data (Phase I), and the results of implementation of the ATCR over a 2-year period in an ICF/MR facility with 29 living units serving nearly 500 clients (Phase II). The ATCR is highly reliable, valid, and useful in enhancing staff provision of active treatment. The most sensitive indicator of active treatment was shown to be related to frequency of functional interactions between clients and staff.

Activities of Daily Living↗