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PubMed1986

A multinomial model for estimating the size of a whale population from incomplete census data.

This paper adapts the removal method of population size estimation to the problem of estimating the size of the western Arctic stock of bowhead whales. The whales are counted during their spring migration as they pass two census camps located near Point Barrow, Alaska. Whales seen at the first camp are "removed" from the population of concern to the second camp, where only whales missed by the first camp are counted. If both camps were in operation throughout the migration and if the probability of missing a whale were constant, the removal method would provide a population size estimate based on a trinomial model in which the size of the population would be the number of trials, whales counted by each camp would provide the observed cell totals, and whales missed by both camps would represent an unobserved cell total. Since the probability of missing a whale depends on visibility, we model the population size as the sum of the number of trials of several independent trinomial distributions, each of which represents a particular visibility condition occurring during the census. To account for the fact that watch cannot be maintained at both camps throughout the migration, we derive a confidence interval estimate of the number of trials under a more general model allowing for incomplete observation of totals within particular cells as well as for completely unobserved cells.

Alaska↗
PubMed1986

The decline in occupational sex segregation during the 1970s: census and CPS comparisons.

An assessment of changes in occupational sex segregation during the 1970s, as measured by the Census and Current Population Survey, is complicated by the recent reclassification of occupations. Once this is taken into account, it is apparent from both the Census and the CPS that there was a decline in occupational sex segregation in the 1970s and that the decline was probably more substantial than in the 1960s.

Demography↗
PubMed1985

Calculation of age-specific fertility schedules from tabulations of parity in two censuses.

The mathematics of stable populations recently has been generalized to cover populations with time-varying fertility and mortality by a modification incorporating the sum of age-varying growth rates in place of the fixed growth rate of a stable population. Equations that characterize nonstable populations apply to any cohort-like phenomenon with a measurable property that cumulates gains or losses through time. In particular, the equations fit the relation between a population's average parity at a given age and age-specific fertility rates previously experienced at lower ages. Techniques devised to derive an intercensal life table from single-year age distributions in two censuses are adapted to estimate accurate intercensal fertility schedules from distributions of parity by age of woman in two censuses. Birth-order specific fertility schedules are also estimated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A new evaluation of United States census data on the extreme aged.

Population and mortality data for the extreme aged have generally been considered subject to a large degree of error, particularly for nonwhites. In this study, estimates of the United States population 85 years of age and over in 1960 are devised through a procedure known as the "method of extinct generations," which permits the reconstruction of "extinct" population cohorts from a series of annual death statistics. Estimates of the total population by single year of age and of sex-color groups by five-year age groups are compared with the 1960 census. With some exceptions, the data for whites show remarkable correspondence; the tally for nonwhites developed from death records falls considerably short of the census count, indicating a greater overstatement of age in the latter source.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Private medicine in Mexico: the results of the National Census of Private Hospital Units].

A census of private health establishments was carried out by the Secretary of Health, in order to quantify its resources and to describe their geographical distribution. The census, conducted in 1994, was limited to private units which offered hospitalization services, and the reference period was the previous year. Results showed that there are 2,723 private hospitalization units in Mexico, and nearly a half of the units are concentrated in the Federal District, and the states of Mexico, Guanajuato, Michoacán, Baja California and Veracruz. The number of private hospitalization beds registered in the country are 33,937, these figures indicate that private medicine is the main hospital care provider in the national health system. Similar results were obtained regarding other material and human resources. It is important to stress the need for further research regarding the role of private medicine in Mexico, including aspects related to the quality of the services being provided.

Data Collection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Issues regarding data on race and ethnicity: the Census Bureau experience.

In this paper, the authors describe some of the complexities of collecting and presenting data on race and ethnicity based on the experiences of the Bureau of the Census. Different methods of data collection, different content and format of questions, and different definitions make it difficult to collect consistent race and ethnic data across data systems. The Bureau of the Census experiences have shown that changing ethnic self-identity and concepts, intent of the question, consistency of reporting, and the classification of persons of mixed racial parentage affect the quality of the data. These are some of the issues that must be addressed as statistical agencies and researchers seek to provide comparable race and ethnic data.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1997

[Extension and features of parks and gardens around spas in Italy: explorative census; possible therapeutic usefulness II].

There are described the results of a census about parks and gardens own to 27 italian Spas. The considerable areas of green around Spas, the correct ratio whith the number of subjects in thermal treatment and other arguments represent favourable elements for italian medical Hydrology. In our census the found plants generally are in conformity with their correct geographical placing. Moreover they are in order to cause favourable effects for environmental Psychology and Therapeutics. The species of recommended plants for the increase and for improvement of green around italian Spas are mentioned. The importance of green around Spas in thermal Medicine and in Ecology is stressed.

Balneology↗
PubMed1976

Forecasting patient census: commonalities in time series models.

Highly accurate patient census forecasting models are specified for five hospitals by use of a general equation for integrated autoregressive moving average (IARMA) forecasts. A general census forecasting model, based on features common to all five institution-specific models, is described and its forecasts are compared to those from the specific models.

Hospitals↗
PubMed1997

Methods for estimating missing data on migrants in the 1991 British census.

"This paper discusses the use of suppression to protect data in the Special Migration Statistics, a dataset produced from the 1991 [British] Census, and argues that this procedure prevents accurate analysis of the data. A computer program is described that uses a series of methods to ¿recover' data which were suppressed, and to estimate those parts of the data which cannot be recovered.... The program has been used to recover and estimate data successfully, and results include sample tables of migrants between types of districts by ethnicity."

Censuses↗
PubMed1987

Ethnic origin in the Australian census.

"This article discusses the Australian statistics of ethnic origin, collected under the headings of race and ancestry in the Australian census, with particular reference to conceptual precision and neutrality and to validity of results. It deals with European and non-European groups, but not with the special problems of counting the Australian aboriginal population."

Australia↗
PubMed1998

Use of the census samples of anonymised records (SARs) and survey data in combination to obtain estimates at local authority level.

"The Samples of Anonymised Records (SARs) provide large representative samples of 278 small areas of Britain and are thus of great value to planners. This paper describes an approach which takes advantage of the fact that the SARs comprise individual records. Estimates of the proportions of local authority populations suffering serious illness were produced by use of data from the 4th National General Practitioner Morbidity survey and the 2% anonymised sample of individual 1991 Census records. These estimates were compared with external validation criterion, all-cause mortality. The correlation was high, providing some evidence of the validity of the approach."

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1994

Computer methods in population census data processing.

"The paper summarises the findings of an international survey of census processing methods used in the 1990 round. Extensive use is made of computers, although the technologies involved vary considerably from country to country. There is more extensive discussion of the use made of computer-assisted and automatic coding, non-keyboard data entry methods and the establishment of population databases." The geographical scope is worldwide. (SUMMARY IN FRE)

Censuses↗
PubMed1985

[Basic theoretical and methodological principles of developing a population and housing census program in the People's Republic of Bulgaria in 1985].

"Proceeding from the Marxist approach to the relation between population and social development, a significantly broader theoretical model of studying the population by means of the forthcoming [Bulgarian] census is justified." The model includes demographic, educational, and socioeconomic aspects, as well as labor force activity. The collection of data by means of sample surveys is assessed, with a focus on areas concerning fertility and reproductive behavior, migration, labor needs and resources, health, and the social system. (summary in ENG, RUS)

Bulgaria↗
PubMed1989

Effects of census adjustment.

This paper examines "the potential impact of various adjustment scenarios on the apportionment of Congressional seats following the 1990 [U.S.] Decennial Census...." The author concludes that none of the alternative adjustment procedures under consideration would make a significant difference in the overall composition of Congress.

Americas↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in the conceptual system of the censuses of population relating to family and household].

The author reviews Hungarian census methods concerning measurement of families and households, and the different definitions the government has used to define these terms since World War II. "The changes in the concepts of the household and family make [it] necessary to analyse how the conceptual systems used in different periods can be adapted to the concepts of our days. Moreover, the study makes an attempt to estimate, if possible, the number and structure of households and families for the years when such data collection (or processing) has not been carried out." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

Censuses↗
PubMed1991

Ethnographic methods in the development of census procedures for enumerating the homeless.

The use of ethnographic methods to estimate the number of homeless persons in the United States is explored. The authors describe how "ethnographic methods were integrated with survey procedures in a 1989 Census Bureau pilot test of an experimental daytime count of homeless persons in Baltimore, MD. We demonstrated that ethnographic techniques do not have to be merely supplemental to survey research, but can play an integral part in shaping the entire procedure. Ethnographic data proved valuable for choosing sites, designing questionnaires and developing new interview approaches, and have since proven equally useful in interpreting the test results."

Americas↗
PubMed1996

Summary results of the 1996 Population By-census.

"This article presents the salient features and trends of the population of Hong Kong based on the results of the 1996 Population By-census." Information is included on population size, age and sex structure, marital status, educational attainment, labor force, occupations, industry, households, and housing.

Age Distribution↗