Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ADOLESCENCE”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

These practice parameters describe the assessment and treatment of early-onset bipolar disorder based on scientific evidence regarding diagnosis and effective treatment and on the current state of clinical practice. Given the paucity of research on bipolar disorder in children and adolescents, many of the treatment recommendations are drawn from the adult literature. Although the same diagnostic criteria are used as for adults, youth may differ with regard to the developmental presentation of symptoms and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Treatment involves the combination of pharmacotherapy and adjunctive psychosocial interventions. Antimanic agents (primarily lithium or valproic acid) are the mainstays of pharmacotherapy. The treatment focuses on (1) amelioration of acute symptoms; (2) the prevention of relapse; (3) the reduction of long-term morbidity; and (4) the promotion of long-term growth and development. These parameters were approved by Council of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry on June 5, 1996, and were previously published in J. Am. Acad. Chil Adolesc. Psychiatry, 1997, 36:138-157.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Pertussis in adolescents: increasing incidence brings attention to the need for booster immunization of adolescents.

As a result of waning immunity and improved awareness, the reported incidence of pertussis is increasing among adolescents in the United States. Symptoms of pertussis are often mild and difficult to diagnose in adolescents, but these individuals can transmit the infection to schoolmates and family members, including high risk infants. Improvements in diagnosis and prevention of pertussis in adolescents are needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

The prevalence of peanut sensitization and the association to pollen sensitization in a cohort of unselected adolescents--The Odense Adolescence Cohort Study on Atopic Diseases and Dermatitis (TOACS).

In the last decade an increased occurrence of peanut hypersensitivity and severe anaphylactic reactions to peanut have been reported. However, few prevalence studies have been performed in unselected populations. This study evaluated the point prevalence of peanut hypersensitivity in Danish adolescents. The point prevalence of peanut allergy confirmed by oral challenge was estimated to 0.5%. The number of adolescents sensitized to peanut by specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) (CAP FEIA) and skin prick test (SPT) were higher (5.8% resp. 3.4%). In adolescents without clinically relevant peanut sensitization most cases were sensitized to grass pollen and the IgE class for grass was higher than for peanut. A correlation between peanut and pollen (grass) sensitization is therefore plausible. Before a positive SPT or specific IgE measurement to peanut is considered clinically relevant in a patient, the case history should be evaluated together with examination for pollen sensitization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Do parents and adolescents differ in their perceptions of rearing styles? Analysis of the EMBU versions for parents and adolescents.

In the present study, memories of rearing styles between parents, mother and father, and their son/daughters were explored through the EMBU versions for parents (EMBU-P) and adolescents (EMBU-A). Results show that parents differ in three of the four scales of the EMBU: Emotional Warmth, Control Attempts, and Favoring Subject. Also, mothers score higher on Emotional Warmth, and Control Attempts, but less on Favoring Subject. When parents and adolescents were compared in the common items to both versions, no substantial differences were found, except for the Favoring Subject scale. The sex of the adolescent seems not to play a relevant role in the observed differences. A revision of specialized literature suggested that differences in the fathers' and mothers' perceptions of their rearing styles could be related to differences in personality and marital satisfaction. These hypothetical relationships should be investigated in a parallel study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Differences between adolescent suicide attempters and depressed adolescents.

Most of the characteristics differentiating between adolescent attempters and nonattempters do not have discriminative power in comparing 48 adolescents who recently attempted suicide with 66 depressed adolescents. These characteristics may probably be attributed to an affective disorder that is present in most of the suicide attempters. However, suicide attempters, compared with the depressed group, live in more problematic circumstances (such as family disruption or sexual abuse) and have a cognitive style that promotes a more negative evaluation of events and situations. Their depressive symptoms are distinguished from the depressed group by withdrawal and isolation, besides maintaining a hopeless and negative expectation of the future. Furthermore, there are reasons to accept the idea that suicidal behavior is a serious alternative within their behavioral repertoire. Based on these findings, a psychological interpretation is given concerning the dynamics leading to a suicide attempt. Also, intervention strategies are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Concurrent validity of the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory as a measure of depression in hospitalized adolescents.

This study examined the concurrent validity of the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI; Millon 1993) in the assessment of depression among 88 adolescent inpatients. Doleful Personality and Depressive Affect scales were moderately predictive of a clinical diagnosis of depression, but both scales were strongly associated with scores on the Children's Depression Inventory (Kovacs, 1992). The Suicidal Tendencies scale was weakly associated with placement on suicide precautions. Overall, these results provide moderate support for the use of the MACI in the assessment of hospitalized adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

A personality-based taxonomy of sexually abusive adolescents derived from the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI).

A personality-based taxonomy of an out-patient sample of 112 sexually abusive adolescents is described. Five subgroups were derived from cluster analytic procedures applied to Personality Patterns scales scores from the Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory (MACI), and were named: Normal, Antisocial, Submissive, Dysthymic/Inhibited, and Dysthymic/Negativistic. The groups were also found to be differentiated on the psychopathology scales of the MACI. The results of the study provide evidence of the heterogeneity of adolescent sexual abusers in both personality characteristics and psychopathology. Comparison of groups differentiated on the basis of victim characteristics did not indicate a relationship between personality and sexual offence.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents: presentation, clinical course, and outcome of therapy in 23 children and adolescents in Northern Greece.

OBJECTIVE: To define clinical presentation, surgical complications, follow-up characteristics, and survival of 23 children and adolescents with thyroid carcinoma. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of data of 23 children and adolescents with thyroid carcinoma cared for in the Theagenion Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki. RESULTS: At the time of diagnosis cervical lymph node metastases were present in 18 (78.2%), mediastinal in 2 (8.69%), and pulmonary in 3 patients (13%). Total thyroidectomy was performed in 21 patients, with lymph node dissection in 18 and subtotal thyroidectomy in 2. No significant post-operative complications were observed. Histological examination revealed differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Tumor was multifocal in 11 (47.8%) and bilateral in 7 subjects (63.6%). Thyroid capsule invasion, vascular invasion, soft tissue involvement, and parathyroid gland invasion was observed in 12 out of 23 patients (52.1%). All patients received thyroxine suppressive therapy and 21 of them additional therapy with radioactive iodine (131I). During follow-up (5.5 years), 6 out of the 23 patients presented new metastases in the cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes, lungs, and bones. At last follow-up, 11 patients (47.8%) had residual disease but all were alive. CONCLUSIONS: Thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents can be quite aggressive. When a young patient presents thyroid nodule or multinodular goiter or palpable lymph nodes, the existence of thyroid carcinoma must be seriously considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A method for diagnosing and planning the treatment of adolescent drug abusers (the Adolescent Drug Abuse Diagnosis [ADAD] instrument).

There is a need for a diagnostic method and an instrument appropriate for adolescent drug abuse clients, that permits the assignment of clients to the most appropriate treatment setting, provides the basis for individualized treatment planning, and facilitates comparability across research studies. The development of the Adolescent Drug Abuse Diagnosis (ADAD), a 150-item instrument with a structured interview format, modeled after the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) (which is for adults), is described. The ADAD produces a broad-spectrum comprehensive evaluation of the client, the interviewer's ten-point severity ratings, and composite scores for each of nine life problem areas that are often relevant to the treatment needs of adolescent drug abuse clients. A series of validity and reliability tests are described. The characteristics of the standardization sample (N = 1,042), and the comparison of the characteristics of the three subsamples (outpatient, residential or non-hospital, and inpatient) are also presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Investigating the relationship between the Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory and the Personality Inventory for Children with a sample of learning disabled adolescents.

The present study involved a preliminary evaluation of the correlations between subscales on the Personality Inventory for Children and the Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory with 25 learning disabled adolescents. Analysis yielded a number of significant correlations between these two scales, using the Personality Inventory for Children as the anchor scale, and showed that these adolescents as a group scored within clinically acceptable ranges on both diagnostic scales. Both scales need further psychometric and clinical investigation, and as such, the limitations of the study and the research needed are addressed, including the need for more multitrait, multimethod studies.

Achievement↗
PubMed2000

Transitions in drinking in adolescent females: evidence from the Missouri adolescent female twin study.

BACKGROUND: Data from adult community samples indicate that alcohol dependence originates in late adolescence, thus marking that period as a fruitful one for the study of transitions in drinking. METHODS: Using retrospective data about the timing of alcohol symptom onset from 1799 female twins who participated in the Missouri Adolescent Female Twin Study (MOAFTS), we integrated person-centered (PC) and variable-centered (VC) analyses to study 1-year transitions in alcohol symptomatology. A person-year data set reflecting the onset of 15 alcohol dependence symptoms was constructed, with each year in the young woman's life from the year of her first drink to her current age counting as one observation. Latent class analysis--a PC technique--identified classes of alcohol symptomatology for each person-year, and a lag function was used to identify class membership 1 year earlier. One-year transitions in drinking--a VC analysis--were then studied. RESULTS: Smoking, marijuana use, and conduct problems were consistent promoters of transitions to more severe drinking classes, but depressed affect was not a significant predictor. Parental history of alcohol problems or excessive drinking, particularly maternal history, was a significant predictor of more serious transitions to moderate and dependent problem drinking. CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm that even over a 1-year time frame there was considerable change in drinking patterns in this adolescent sample. Smoking was as potent a risk factor as conduct problems in promoting the progression of alcohol symptomatology, and the role of familial factors was found to be influential in transitions at the more severe end of the drinking spectrum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

American Academy of Pediatrics: Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health and Committee on Adolescence. Sexuality education for children and adolescents.

Children and adolescents need accurate and comprehensive education about sexuality to practice healthy sexual behavior as adults. Early, exploitative, or risky sexual activity may lead to health and social problems, such as unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This statement reviews the role of the pediatrician in providing sexuality education to children, adolescents, and their families. Pediatricians should integrate sexuality education into the confidential and longitudinal relationship they develop with children, adolescents, and families to complement the education children obtain at school and at home. Pediatricians must be aware of their own attitudes, beliefs, and values so their effectiveness in discussing sexuality in the clinical setting is not limited.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Transcultural problems of child and adolescent psychiatry or sequelae of inverse migration? On diagnosis and treatment of children and adolescents of former East Germany in West Germany of the past].

Against a background discussion whether there has been a different cultural development within the two former German states, the question is raised, whether this possible difference could lead to different influences on psychiatric illness among children and adolescents. Problems in ethnological research in general together with problems found within cross cultural psychiatry are discussed. A study of a group of 19 children and adolescents, presenting at a psychiatric clinic with the historically significant if not seldom experience of inverse migration is described. From this population only n = 4 children appeared to be significantly affected by their new surroundings. It is proposed that further investigations is needed to ascertain whether the experience of inverse migration does indeed constitute a psychological stress for children and adolescents from the former GDR.

Acculturation↗
PubMed1990

Ecclesiogenic neuroses and psychoses in adolescence. On the complicated detachment problems of adolescents from rigorously moralizing, Christian-religious movements.

In the child and adolescent psychiatric department of Bern University Clinic, between 1982 and 1986 42 adolescent male and female patients were admitted for in-patient treatment. 9 of them (21.4%) came from Christian-religious sects. This was all the more surprising as the proportion of marginal Christian-religious groups in the population was 1.4% in the population census in the canton Bern in December 1980. This noticeably over-proportional accumulation was taken as a reason for carrying out an analysis of the case histories. It was shown that the patients from the circles of Christian sects became either obsessive-compulsive neurotically, anorectically or psychotically ill in puberty and that a very strictly moralizing upbringing by the parents was present which led to an aggravation of the relation conflict with the parents in the detachment and separation-process in puberty. By means of three case reports the problem of ecclesiogenic neuroses and ecclesiogenic psychoses in adolescence was gone into and the conclusion was made that the religious conflicts must be given increased attention in the therapeutic dealings with the patients concerned with the inclusion of members of the family and also persons of reference outside the family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Adolescents and prevention--use of contraception by Norwegian adolescents during the most recent intercourse and during casual sex].

The paper describes the use of contraception at the most recent intercourse and during casual sex among Norwegian adolescents. The empirical data stem from a population-based survey of 3,000 Norwegian adolescents aged 17-19. The response rate was 60.9%. A total of 17.7% did not use any contraception at the most recent intercourse, 9.0% practised withdrawal, 31.2% used a condom, and 39.0% used the p-pill. Among those who reported having experienced casual sex, no use of contraception was most frequent (38.0%) on the most recent occasion of casual sex, whereas 18.4% reported having used a condom on this occasion. 5.1% of the adolescents were characterized as consistently not using contraception.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Child and adolescent psychiatry aspects of animal abuse (a comparison with aggressive patients in child and adolescent psychiatry)].

Among 1502 aggressive children and adolescents who had been presented and treated at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at the University of Tübingen there were 25 who had been cruel to animals. These were exclusively boys (23 out of 25). The age distribution of the zoosadists showed an increased incidence in 13, 17 and 18 year olds which is connected with problems of puberty, group constraints and proving virility. Compared with a control group of "only aggressive" patients, organic brain damage owing to complications of pregnancy or delivery, overtaxing upbringing by the parents and absence of a positive father figure could be demonstrated in the zoosadists. The hypothesis that aggressive children and adolescents have less chance to live out their aggressions in interpersonal relations use zoosadism as "evasion aggression" could only be confirmed in part. One third of the zoosadists showed additional disorders of sexual behaviour and the sexual-sadistic component was manifested in the zoosadistic action.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Trauma and poisoning in children and adolescents in Poland from 1980-1985 in the light of data on hospitalization. I. Hospitalization of children and adolescents in Poland for trauma and poisoning according to demographic features].

The frequency of hospitalization of children and adolescents for traumas and intoxications in Poland in the years 1980-1985 was analysed on the basis of data obtained from the All-Polish Study of General Morbidity. Trauma and intoxications were the causes of about 16% of all hospitalizations in the age group 0-19 years. In the age group 15-19 years they were the most frequent causes of hospital stay. In all age groups the indices of hospitalization of children and adolescents in Poland were lower than in other countries. The most frequent causes of hospitalization for trauma and intoxication were in boys superficial lesions and contusions, and in girls--intoxications. In both sex groups fractures of extremities, cranial trauma and burns were frequent causes of hospitalization. Boys were hospitalized more frequently than girls, and this difference increased with age. No significant differences were found between children and adolescents from urban and rural areas in the total hospitalization rates, but some differences were noted between these areas in groups with various diagnoses.

Adolescent↗