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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Filariasis (Pelecitus sp.) in the cervical subcutaneous tissue of a pigeon with trichomoniasis.

Filariasis due to Pelecitus was found in the subcutaneous tissue of the neck of a domestic pigeon from Spain that died from trichomoniasis. Macroscopically, filariae were observed in the congested and hemorrhagic cervical connective tissue. Microscopically, a particular distribution of parasites with no inflammatory infiltrates was observed. Adult nematodes were located in peritracheal connective tissue and in the deep zone of the subcutaneous tissue. Microfilariae were mainly located in the superficial zone of the subcutaneous tissue. The only other changes observed were a moderate catarrhal tracheitis and congestion of the viscera.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An outbreak of infectious laryngotracheitis in California broilers.

Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) was diagnosed as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory disease in broiler chickens in California. The classical form of ILT is characterized by dyspnea, gasping, coughing, and expectoration of bloody exudate. Most of the broilers submitted to the diagnostic laboratory showed a non-classical presentation of ILT, in which mucoid tracheitis and conjunctivitis were the most consistent lesions. Historically, most of the ILT cases diagnosed in our laboratory have consisted of layers with classical signs and lesions. It is not known whether this non classical presentation of ILT in broilers is due to differences in the way broilers respond to ILT infection or to the nature of the ILT virus isolate.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pathological studies of A/chicken/Alabama/7395/75 (H4N8) influenza virus in specific-pathogen-free laying hens.

Specific-pathogen-free laying hens were inoculated with avian influenza virus (AIV) A/chicken/Alabama/7395/75 (H4N8) either intratracheally (IT) or intravenously (IV). IT inoculation produced a localized infection of the upper and lower respiratory tracts with lesions of tracheitis, bronchitis, airsacculitis, and pneumonia around the secondary bronchi. IV inoculation produced a systemic infection with major lesions of nephritis, interstitial pneumonia, salpingitis, and splenic and hepatic necrosis. In IV-inoculated hens, AIV nucleo-protein was demonstrated within renal tubule epithelium, in luminal surface and glandular oviduct epithelium, and in mononuclear cells within pulmonary blood capillaries. However, no virus was recovered from internal contents of eggs laid between days 1.5 and 5 postinfection. These data indicate that A/chicken/Alabama/7395/75 has tissue tropism and pathogenicity for the respiratory and urogenital systems of reproductively active laying hens. Site and severity of lesion development are determined by the localized or systemic nature of AIV infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Acute obstructive respiratory diseases (ARD) and bacterial complications of ARD (pneumonia, sinusitis) in infants and children associated with human herpesvirus-6 infection.

The existence of catharreal respiratory symptoms (such as pharyngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis etc.) is established as the usual manifestation of "exanthema subitum" due to acute human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection. But so far pneumonia, purulent sinusitis, purulent otitis media and/or acute obstructive bronchitis (bronchiolitis) in infants and children have not been described. Here we report the results of observations of 2 children with bronchopneumonia/sinusitis maxillaris and severe bronchiolitis associated with an acute HHV-6 infection. Other respiratory viruses were excluded as agents causing the ARD.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1995

[Prevalence of ragweed hayfever in the south and east of the greater Lyon region in 1993].

In December 1993, AFEDA conducted an epidemiological survey in order to establish the prevalence of ragweed-induced pollinosis and to evaluate how well the public was informed about this danger. A survey by telephone was made, taking a random sample of the population drawn by lot from telephone directories in the Rhône district. This involved about 300,000 homes. Those in which at least one person was under 50 were questioned. The questionnaire included a section aimed at everyone, and another section aimed at homes where at least one person suffered from pollinosis in August and/or September, in Lyon. 1,800 homes were selected at random, 905 persons responded: 22.4% were off target, 77.6% matched up to the chosen target. Of these, 32.9% were aware of Ragweed and 31.9% knew of the dangers. The 702 homes targeted made a total of 2,060 persons, 59.6% of which live in town and 40.4% in suburban areas; 51.6% are women and 48.4% men. 53 people, i.e. 2.57%, presented at least one of the following symptoms in 1993: rhinitis 86.8%, conjunctivitis 69.8%, itching of the pharynx and/or ears 47.2%, tracheitis and/or asthma 41.5%. 77.4% received medication. In 1993, the prevalence of ragweed-induced symptoms is a certainty for 1.8% of the population, if we evaluate only those patients presenting these symptoms every year. This prevalence therefore does not take account of new cases nor of newcomers to the district. Moreover, we have probably under-estimated this prevalence, owing to the torrential rain that fell in Lyon in late August 1993. This made a break in the pollen curve, a phenomenon that has never yet been observed in 13 years of recording pollen calendars.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Mycoplasma hominis as an agent of respiratory tract diseases].

Respiratory organs of newborn rats inoculated intranasally with broth culture of Myc. hominis were studied by the histological, histochemical and immunofluorescence methods. Tracheitis and development of purulent and interstitial pneumonia with a hemorrhagic component were revealed 24 hours after the infection. These changes were observed up to the 7th day of the experiment. At the same period a specific fluorescence of the Myc. hominis antigen was found by the antibody fluorescent test. The present study pointed to the pathogenicity of the Myc. hominis for the respiratory tract of the newborn rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Randomized controlled trial of dexamethasone in infectious croup.

Infectious croup is a common and an important cause of upper airway obstruction in young children. Despite its frequency and potentially serious nature, there is still no definite conclusion regarding the beneficial effect of corticosteroid. A randomized controlled study on the effects of dexamethasone in infectious croup was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Ramathibodi Hospital between January 1985 and September 1986. Thirty-two patients, 2-37 months old, were included in this study. Fourteen patients received dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg/dose daily for 3 days) and eighteen patients were the control group. The dexamethasone group had significantly lower croup scores at 48 hour (p < 0.05), shorter hospital course (p < 0.005) and lower incidence of endotracheal intubation (p < 0.05) than the control group. Five patients in the control group required endotracheal intubation. Complications included four episodes of pneumonia, one episode of sepsis, and one bacterial tracheitis. Pneumonia and sepsis occurred only in the control group. We concluded that dexamethasone therapy decrease the severity of infectious croup and the risk of complications.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1997

Tracheal malformation in a bicephalic Honduran milk snake (Lampropeltis hondurensis) and subsequent fatal Salmonella arizonae infection.

A bicephalic Honduran milk snake (Lampropeltis hondurensis) with tracheal duplication and malformation and Salmonella arizonae infection is described. There were atypically wide collapsed tracheal rings with necrotizing tracheitis and abundant necrotic epithelial debris and inflammatory cells obstructing the lumen in one of the duplicate tracheae. Salmonella arizonae was cultured from the malformed duplicate trachea and was considered to be the etiologic agent causing necrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Inhalation lesions in the burn patient].

Inhalation injuries are currently the factor most responsible for mortality in thermally injured patients. Inhalation injuries may occur independently, but generally occur together with skin burn. Smoke inhalation affects all levels of the respiratory system and the extent of the inhalation injury depends on the duration, exposure, amount and toxicity of the fume temperature, concentration and solubility of toxic gases, the occurrence of the accident in a closed space and pre-existing diseases. Smoke inhalation also induces changes in the systemic organs with the need for more fluid for resuscitation. Systemic vasoconstriction, with an elevation in systemic vascular resistance, a fall in myocardial contractility and a great increase in lymphatic flow in soft tissue are the most important changes in systemic organs. On admission of a burn patient there is a high suspicion of inhalation injury when there are signs and symptoms such as hoarseness, strides, dyspnea, carbonaceous sputum, anxiety or disorientation, with or without face burns. The patient with these findings has partial airway obstruction and there is substantial risk complete airway obstruction occurring of secondary to the edema. Patients with suspected inhalation injury should be intubated so as to maintain airway patency and avoid a total obstruction. This group of patients frequently develop respiratory failure with the need for mechanical ventilatory support. Nosocomial infections, sepsis and multiple organ system failure may occur. Late complications of inhalation injury are tracheitis, tracheal stenosis or tracheomalacia and chronic airway disease, which is relatively rare. Early diagnosis of inhalation injury and treatment in a Burn Unit by a group of highly motivated clinicians and a good team of nurses is essential in order to decrease the morbidity and mortality related to inhalation injury.

Burns, Inhalation↗
PubMed1976

The role of environmental ammonia in respiratory mycoplasmosis of rats.

Young adult, pathogen-free rats of Sherman and Fischer (F344) substrains were inoculated intranasally with 10(8) colony-forming units (GFU) of M. pulmonis and housed for 4 to 6 weeks in environments with ammonia maintained at specific concentrations from 25 to 250 ppm. All levels of NH3--whether produced naturally from soiled bedding or derived from a purified source--significantly increased the severity of the rhinitis, otitis media, tracheitis, and pneumonia (including bronchiectasis) characteristic of murine respiratory mycoplasmosis (MRM). The prevalence of pneumonia, but not that of other respiratory lesions of MRM, showed a strong tendency to increase directly with environmental NH3 concentration. In contrast, NH3 exposure of rats not infected with M. pulmonis caused anatomic lesions that were unlike those of MRM and were limited to the nasal passages. It was concluded that environmental NH3, at concentrations commonly encountered in present day cage environments for rats, plays an important role in pathogenesis of MRM.

Ammonia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pathomorphologic changes in the organs of rats following chronic inhalation exposure to liquid polyethylsiloxane].

A chronic 90-day inhalation of polyethylsiloxane fluid at a concentration of 10 and 2 mg/m3 produced local irritation and general toxic effect on rats. Local irritation induced catarrhal-desqueamative tracheitis that was accompanied by a microfocal interstitial process in the lungs. The general toxic effect gave rise to interstitial myocarditis that was followed by focal cardiosclerosis and dystrophic lesions of vascular walls and areas of liver parenchyma. Changes in the thymus-lymph system and adrenal structure suggested prolonged protective tension of the animal body. A chronic 90-day inhalation of polyethylsiloxane at a concentration of 0.2 mg/m3 brought about no pathological lesions in the microstructure of animal organs.

Adrenal Glands↗