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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Enamel loss and occlusal vertical dimension. Causes and considerations for treatment.

Much of the accelerated or premature loss of vertical dimension experienced by patients is certainly preventable, and prevention should be emphasized. Recommendations on limiting any nicotine and caffeine use, supporting needs for fitness efforts, and assisted or self-management of damaging habits from stress are vital Restoratively along with aesthetics, substantial, functional vertical dimension changes may now be addressed conservatively, using a range of strategies and current state-of-the art materials. Patients should become better informed about the importance of a good dentition for their better general health. Restorative alteration of vertical dimension may not be universally essential. Nevertheless, the profession, patients, and the third-party payment community must unequivocally recognize the physiologic advantage of restoring lost FOVD. The simple replacement of missing or damaged teeth without also reviewing and often addressing related facial proportions, occlusion, and vertical dimension concerns can be too limited a treatment option. Treatment of this current and ever-increasing condition cannot be sparingly restricted to the realm of specialists. In light of current population demographics, general dentists must inform themselves of extensive, currently available information in order to improve their proficiency and gain more confidence in addressing these multifaceted, ever more common problems. Examining all treatment variables in conjunction with the proficient determination for improved masticatory function and durability will increase our potential for achieving more favorable outcomes. New research in these areas will continue to be applied in order to optimally compose and implement modern comprehensive treatment plans and better evaluate post-treatment success. Not taking the interrelated issues discussed in this article into consideration, or a failure to assess and better engage these increasingly widespread needs of our population, could severely compromise the dental health of an increasing number of current and future patients.

Crowns↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Association of occlusion with eating efficiency in children with cerebral palsy and moderate eating impairment.

PURPOSE: This study focused on the contribution ofthe dental occlusion to chewing efficiency in a group of children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: Twenty children aged 8.3 +/- 0.9 years participated in this study. Chewing efficiency was measured and biting and drinking skills were noted. Occlusion was determined from extra- and intra-oral photographs and from orthodontic plaster models. RESULTS: Significant correlatons were found between chewing efficiency and age (r:0.6, P=.006) and the total number of posterior teeth (r:0.7, P<.001). A marginally significant negative correlation was found between the total number of teeth and chewing time for the viscous texture (r:-0.4, P=.06). CONCLUSIONS: A possible association between chewing efficiency and occlusal wear may exist, but will need further examination. There was also a higher frequency of drooling (23%) in children who had an open bite compared to those with a normal bite. These results suggested that occlusal problems affected the efficiency of ingestion in children with CP.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Signs and symptoms associated with TMD in adults with shortened dental arches.

PURPOSE: This study investigated the prevalence of signs and symptoms associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in adults with shortened dental arches in Tanzania. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The shortened dental arch group comprised 725 subjects with an intact anterior region and zero to eight occluding pairs of teeth posteriorly. They were categorized into five groups according to length and symmetry of the dental arches. A control group of 125 subjects with complete dental arches was included. The subjects were interviewed with questions related to pain and sounds within the temporomandibular joints and restricted mobility of the mandible. Clinical examination consisted of registration of clicking or crepitation of the joints, measuring maximum mouth opening, and assessing occlusal tooth wear. RESULTS: Joint sounds were reported significantly more frequently by subjects with posterior support only unilaterally (17%) and by subjects with no posterior support (10%) compared to other categories of dental arches (3% to 5%). No significant differences were found between categories of dental arches with respect to pain (2% to 9%), restricted mobility of the mandible (0% to 1%), maximum mouth opening < 40 mm (0% to 3%), or clicking or crepitation of the joints (12% to 23%). For the younger age group (> or = 20 and < 40 years), tooth wear occurred significantly more often in subjects with no posterior support. For the older age group (> or = 40 years), tooth wear increased significantly with decrease of posterior support. CONCLUSION: No evidence was found that shortened dental arches provoke signs and symptoms associated with TMD. However, when all posterior support is unilaterally or bilaterally absent, the risk for pain and joint sounds seems to increase.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Effect of food consistency on temporomandibular joint morphology: an experimental study in pigs.

AIMS: To investigate whether there are any correlations between increased masticatory loading, degree of tooth wear, and the size, form, and macroscopic surface of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs). METHODS: The degree of tooth wear and different TMJ variables were compared in 2 groups of domestic pigs. One group of 8 pigs had been raised indoors (ID group), and the other group of 9 pigs had been raised outdoors (OD group). The pigs in the ID group were fed a soft diet and were not provided any straw in their pens. The OD group was fed a solid diet and could also grub in the soil, resulting in an exposure to more abrasive components and to greater chewing demands. All pigs were sacrificed at the age of 22 months. RESULTS: The pigs in the OD group exhibited significantly more tooth wear compared to the ID group. No difference in mediolateral size of the condyles could be found between the 2 groups. Form and surface changes of the TMJs varied substantially between individuals, but not between the 2 groups. No correlation could be found between the degree of tooth wear and any of the TMJ variables. CONCLUSION: Exposure to a tougher diet containing more abrasive substances has a significant impact on the degree of tooth wear but seems to have no consequences either for the size of the TMJ condyles or for form or surface changes of the TMJs.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential wear of teeth and restorative materials: clinical implications.

PURPOSE: This study reviewed the wear of commonly used dental restorative materials and their effects on the opposing dentition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Key words were used with PubMed to retrieve pertinent references to publications on tooth and restoration wear. RESULTS: The wear resistance of newer esthetic restorative materials has generally improved, and the damage caused by several materials to the opposing dentition has been reduced. However, the different structures and physical properties of tooth substance and restorative materials will eventually lead to varying degrees of differential wear. The extent and rate of wear are influenced by many intraoral factors. CONCLUSION: Selection of restorative materials must be based on knowledge of their wear behavior and the individual needs of each patient. The lowest wear rates for restorations and the opposing dentition occur with metal alloys, machined ceramics, and microfilled and microfine hybrid resin composites.

Composite Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accuracy and precision of a system for assessing severity of tooth wear.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to introduce a computer-assisted quantitative tooth wear-analyzing system and test its accuracy and precision. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An image of a horizontally projected dental arch was captured, and the facet area of each tooth was calculated using a digital image analyzer. For normalization, the facet area of the individual tooth was divided by the total area of the corresponding tooth; this result was the tooth wear score. The accuracy and precision of this method were determined through the intraclass correlation coefficient using 10 dental casts. Tooth wear on the dental casts of 50 subjects was actually measured. RESULTS: The accuracy of the tooth wear score determined by a newly trained examiner was greater than 0.85 of the intraclass correlation coefficient; this was tested against the score determined by consensus of three experienced examiners. The reproducibility within a 1-week interval was also greater than 0.85. With regard to the tooth wear score from 50 sets of dental casts, the distribution of tooth wear was generally consistent with data reported in the literature. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the newly trained examiner can exhibit adequate accuracy and precision after appropriate training in identifying tooth wear facets. Recorded data from 50 subjects added face validity to this new system.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo wear of enamel by a lithia disilicate-based core ceramic used for posterior fixed partial dentures: first-year results.

PURPOSE: This study aimed (1) to test the hypothesis that no significant relationship exists between the magnitude of occlusal clenching force and wear rates of enamel opposing a new core ceramic (e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) used in posterior fixed partial dentures (FPDs); and (2) to test the hypothesis that mean annual enamel wear by an experimental core ceramic is comparable to the mean annual enamel wear by enamel of 38 microm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Baseline data were obtained for patients in addition to preliminary impressions of maxillary and mandibular teeth. Thirty ceramic FPDs were processed from a new core ceramic (e.max Press) that was hot pressed and glazed. Patients were recalled 1 year after cementation and evaluated using clinical criteria that included wear assessment of opposing teeth. Impressions were made of the opposing teeth with polyvinylsiloxane impression material and photographs were taken of intraoral occlusal contacts marked with articulating ribbon. Baseline casts and casts made at each recall exam of opposing dentitions were scanned using a 3-dimensional laser scanner (Laserscan 3D, Willytec) and evaluated for wear. A total of 21 occlusal surfaces were analyzed for the presence of wear. RESULTS: Statistical analysis using a linear and quadratic model revealed no significant relationship between occlusal forces and wear rate assuming either a linear model (R2 = 0.018) or a quadratic model (R2 = 0.023). The maximum annual wear of enamel by the glazed core ceramic (e.max Press) was 88.3 microm, which is significantly greater than the annual enamel-by-enamel wear of 38 microm (P < .0001). CONCLUSION: Further analysis with a larger sample size is needed to determine the relationship between occlusal clenching force and wear rate and the influence of other factors that cause increased wear of enamel by opposing ceramic restorations.

Adult↗