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Malignant epithelial odontogenic tumors.

Malignant epithelial odontogenic tumors are very rare. They may arise from the epithelial components of the odontogenic apparatus. The rests of Malassez, the reduced enamel epithelium surrounding the crown of an impacted tooth, the rests of Serres in the gingiva, and the linings of odontogenic cysts represent the precursor cells for malignant transformation. Because metastatic carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the jaws, the diagnosis of a primary intraosseous carcinoma must always be made to the exclusion of metastatic disease. Odontogenic carcinomas include malignant (metastasizing) ameloblastoma, ameloblastic carcinoma, primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma, clear cell odontogenic carcinoma, and malignant epithelial ghost cell tumor. There are specific histopathologic features that support the diagnosis of a primary carcinoma of odontogenic epithelium which are presented in this article. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining is important for distinguishing clear cell odontogenic carcinoma from metastatic renal cell tumors, yet IHC stains are not particularly helpful for other lesions in this group-all of which exhibit low molecular weight cytokeratin positivity. Aggressive growth and nodal and distant metastases occur with all of these entities.

Ameloblastoma↗

Jaw and tooth abnormalities detected on panoramic radiographs in New Zealand children aged 10-15 years.

Panoramic radiographs of 1,608 children and adolescents aged 10 to 15 years (797 males and 811 females) were reviewed to determine the prevalence of tooth and jaw abnormalities. Abnormalities were detected on 21 percent of the radiographs (23 percent females and 17.3 percent males); 879 teeth were diagnosed with abnormalities on 331 radiographs. The more common abnormalities were malpositioned teeth, missing teeth, misshaped teeth, and teeth with hypoplastic appearance. Bony abnormalities and growth problems were detected in a few radiographs. This study demonstrates the value of panoramic radiography in detecting or confirming dental abnormalities, and supports recommendations on the use of panoramic radiography to aid in the assessment of dental development.

Adolescent↗

The use of gutta-percha point to locate the origin of facial sinus.

Infection from the wisdom teeth usually causes severe swelling at the region of the angle and body of the mandible. Occasionally, it tracts outward to form a cervicofacial sinus. This paper demonstrates the use of gutta-percha point to locate the origin of a cervicofacial sinus due to an asymptomatic impacted wisdom tooth. The advantage of using gutta-percha point is discussed.

Adult↗

An inverted supernumerary tooth: report of case.

A nine-year old male child presented in the Department of Pedodontics with the chief complaint of pain and swelling int the mid-palatal region during mastication. Clinical examination revealed a hard swelling in the palate. Radiographic examination disclosed the presence of an inverted "mesiodens like" supernumerary tooth. Surgical extraction was planned.

Child↗

Compound odontoma--diagnosis and treatment: three case reports.

Odontomas are the most common type of odontogenic tumors and generally they are asymptomatic. This paper describes three cases of compound odontomas diagnosed in children due to dislodgement or over-retention of primary anterior teeth and/or swelling of the cortical bone. In all cases, the surgical excision of the lesions was performed and, in one case, orthodontic treatment was adopted in order to move an impacted permanent tooth to its normal position. The results achieved indicate that the early diagnosis of odontomas allows the adoption of a less complex and expensive treatment and ensures better prognosis.

Child↗

Calcifying odontogenic cyst. Report of two cases.

Calcifying odontogenic cyst(COC) is an uncommon developmental odontogenic cyst and was first described by Gorlin in 1962. It is considered as extremely rare and accounts for only 1% of the jaw cysts reported. Here, we present two cases of which one occurred in a 32 year old female with a swelling in the lower anterior region crossing the midline and another in a 29 year old male with a swelling in the upper anterior region without crossing the midline. The radiograph revealed a well circumscribed radiolucency in the first case and with some specks of opacities in the second case. It was not associated with any missing or impacted tooth. Histopathological examination was done with Hematoxylin and Eosin and in addition it was studied immunohistochemically for cytokeratin. The Classical histological features of lining epithelium in the form of cords, presence of ghost cells and some amount of dentinoid tissue were seen. The nature of COC is controversial. Here we have discussed the controversies regarding COC as well as the various proposed classifications for this lesion. Based on the histopathological findings, the diagnosis was confirmed as calcifying odontogenic cyst. These cases are presented here for its rarity.

Adult↗

[Supercomplect retained tooth is the cause of delayed eruption of the upper central left incisor. Therapy].

Supercomplect retained tooth, a mechanical obstruction preventing the eruption of 21st tooth, is the cause of delayed eruption of the upper central left incisor. After removal of the supercomplect retained tooth, extension of the upper dental arch, normalization of occlusion, and creation of space for 21st tooth in the dental row, A. Ya. Kats' method was used, based on surface and deep functional stimulation of the periodontium, which led to eruption of the 21st tooth.

Child↗

Retrospective survey of dental anomalies and pathology detected on maxillary occlusal radiographs in children between 3 and 5 years of age.

PURPOSE: Radiographs play an important role in the diagnosis of anomalies and pathology of the oral structures of young children as well as in the interception and management of developmental problems in the dentition. The occlusal film, commonly indicated in the young child, is a helpful tool in establishing a baseline and in revealing certain region-specific dental concerns in a timely fashion. The purpose of this retrospective study was to perform a comprehensive examination of maxillary occlusal radiographs in a clinical pediatric population and to determine the prevalence of dental anomalies and pathology in the premaxilla in children between 3 and 5 years of age. METHODS: Radiographs of healthy preschool children (236 males and 264 females), who received their initial examination at the University of Texas-Houston Pediatric Dentistry Graduate Clinic during 1997 and 1998, were reviewed independently by two pediatric dentists, using a 2X magnifying lens and a standard dental light box. Interexaminer discrepancies were resolved by consultation and mutual agreement. RESULTS: Ninety-two (18%) showed no evidence of dental caries, restorations, current pathological conditions, or other anomalies. Frequencies of anomalies such as congenitally missing and supernumerary teeth were consistent with other reports. CONCLUSIONS: These observations emphasize the importance of obtaining intraoral radiographs on preschool children who are in apparent good dental health.

Anodontia↗

[Application of tomography to dentistry].

The conventional radiograph is the 2D-projection of a 3D-object. Therefore, information about the third dimension is missing. Various x-ray techniques are available to obtain information about the third dimension. Depending on the diagnostic purpose, global information can be obtained by a second radiograph taken with a different angulation (for instance, to localize an impacted tooth). However, sometimes more detailed information is required about the spatial relationship (for instance, when determining the amount of bone mass in implant planning). CT and MRI are the most appropriate techniques when complete volume information is required. In the near future, tomosynthesis and microCT will become available to obtain detailed 3D-information for dental applications.

Humans↗