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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Cardiopulmonary monitoring by textile electrodes without subject-awareness of being monitored.

An automated system is developed to monitor cardiopulmonary functions during sleep using electrically conductive textiles. The system obviates the need to attach transducers or electrodes to the body surface, and the subject can follow his or her normal daily routine, wearing regular pajamas to bed. Part of the bed sheet consists of electrically conductive textiles under the positions of the head, torso and legs. Respiratory activity and electrocardiograms of diagnostic quality are observed by means of the electrodes while the subject is sleeping. Respiration is sensed by means of electrical capacitance in/around the thorax. Data acquisition and storage are fully automated; thus, the subject's awareness of being monitored is greatly reduced. This system could detect disorders of cardiopulmonary functions at an early stage, if used daily in the home with the concept of chronodiagnosis.

Bedding and Linens↗
PubMed2004

Effect of different redox mediators during thermophilic azo dye reduction by anaerobic granular sludge and comparative study between mesophilic (30 degrees C) and thermophilic (55 degrees C) treatments for decolourisation of textile wastewaters.

The impact of different redox mediators on colour removal of azo dye model compounds and textile wastewater by thermophilic anaerobic granular sludge (55 degrees C) was investigated in batch assays. Additionally, a comparative study between mesophilic (30 degrees C) and thermophilic (55 degrees C) colour removal was performed with textile wastewater, either in the presence or absence of a redox mediator. The present work clearly evidences the advantage of colour removal at 55 degrees C compared with 30 degrees C when dealing with azo coloured wastewaters. The impact of the redox mediators anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate (AQDS), anthraquinone-2-sulfonate (AQS) and riboflavin was evident with all dyes, increasing decolourisation rates up to 8-fold compared with the mediator-free incubations. The generation of the hydroquinone form AH2QDS, i.e. the reduced form of AQDS, was extremely accelerated at 55 degrees C compared with 30 degrees C. Furthermore, no lag-phase was observed at 55 degrees C. Based on the present results we postulate that the production/transfer of reducing equivalents was the process rate-limiting step, which was accelerated by the temperature increase. It is conclusively stated that 55 degrees C is a more effective temperature for azo dye reduction than 30 degrees C, which on the one hand can be attributed to the faster production/transfer of reducing equivalents, but also to the decrease in activation energy requirements.

Anthraquinones↗
PubMed2004

Biodegradability oriented treatability studies on high strength segregated wastewater of a woolen textile dyeing plant.

Textile dyeing and finishing industry involves considerable amount of water usage as well as polluted and highly colored wastewater discharges. Biological treatability by means of mineralization, nitrification and denitrification of high strength woolen textile dye bathes, first- and second-rinses is presented. COD fractionation study was carried out and kinetic parameters were determined. Biodegradability of organic compounds in highly loaded composite wastewater after segregation and the effluent of applied biological treatment of high strength composite wastewater were measured by determining oxygen consumption rates. The results were used in terms of assessing an alternative method for inert COD fractionation. The study implied that about 80% soluble COD, 50% color and 75% toxicity reduction were possible by single sludge biological processes. Sixteen per cent of total COD was found to be initially inert. Inert fraction was increased to 22% by production of soluble and particulate microbial products through biological treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Direct cDNA cloning of novel conotoxins of the T-superfamily from Conus textile.

The T-superfamily is a large and diverse group of peptides, widely distributed in venom ducts of all major feeding types of Conus. These peptides are likely to be functionally diverse. A directed PCR-based approach using primers based on the conserved signal sequence was applied to investigate new conotoxins of the T-superfamily from Conus textile native to Hainan. Using RT-PCR and 3'-RACE, four novel cDNA sequences encoding precursor peptides were identified in C. textile. They share a common T-superfamily cysteine pattern (CC-CC, with two disulfide bridges). The predicted peptides are small (9-12 amino acids). TeAr193 composed of nine amino acid residues is one of the shortest T-superfamily conotoxins ever found. Patterns of sequence divergence and Cys codon usage define the major T-superfamily branches and suggest how these separate branches arose. The sequences of the signal regions exhibited highest conservation, whereas the sequences of the mature peptides were either almost identical or highly divergent; and conservation of the pro-region was intermediate between that observed in signal and toxin regions. The elucidated cDNAs of the four toxins will facilitate a better understanding of the relationship between structure and function.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Conopeptides from Conus striatus and Conus textile by cDNA cloning.

Conopeptide content in Conus textile and Conus striatus venoms were examined by polymerase chain reaction amplification of alpha-conopeptide cDNA and rapid amplification of 3' cDNA ends of O-superfamily conopeptide cDNA. Two new alpha-conopeptide sequences and six new O-superfamily conopeptide sequences from C. textile, four new O-superfamily conopeptide sequences, and four previously biochemically characterized conopeptide sequences from C. striatus were identified. The results suggest that this cDNA method is rapid and requires less material for the study of conopeptides.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2003

Hydrogel-coated textile scaffolds as candidate in liver tissue engineering: II. Evaluation of spheroid formation and viability of hepatocytes.

In this study we evaluate the performance of primary rat hepatocytes and HepG2 cells on chitosan-collagen hydrogel-coated textile scaffolds. Light microscopy and electron microscopic observations showed attachment and aggregate formation tendency of hepatocytes on the scaffolds. As tested by the tetrazolium reduction (MTT) assay it was evident that cells had preserved mitochondrial functionality. It was also observed that pure collagen and collagen blended scaffolds allowed higher cell growth than pure chitosan scaffold. Fluorescent live/dead staining showed a metabolically active, viable cell population on all scaffold compositions with occurrence of few dead cells. Cell functionality was confirmed by secretion of albumin, which was maintained throughout culture period. Take collectively our results suggests that hydrogel-coated textile scaffolds could be promising for tissue-engineering applications, as they allow favorable hepatocyte attachment, spheroid formation and maintenance of function. These scaffolds could be useful for co-culturing hepatocytes and non-parenchymal endothelial cells in bioartificial liver support systems.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Readying for a healthcare revolution. Outpatient care: a textile rental service opportunity.

Textile rental companies are poised on the edge of a boom in the healthcare marketplace. The detonator is outpatient care. Between 1984 and 1990, outpatient visits increased from almost 233 million to more than 310 million, or about 33 percent. The shift from traditional hospital care to outpatient or ambulatory service is creating a new market opportunity for textile rental services. Innovative medical services are cropping up in suburban malls and neighborhoods, and demand is high for high-quality linen supply or contract laundry services.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1991

Are your employees protected from blood-borne pathogens? OSHA standards charge textile rental companies with responsibility for worker safety.

Congress is putting pressure on OSHA to finalize its Universal Precaution standards by December. When the standards go into effect, textile rental companies that serve medical, dental, and outpatient care facilities--including private physician and dentist offices--must take steps to protect employees from blood-borne pathogens. Soiled linens, towels, gowns, and other items from any customer in risk categories link a textile rental facility and/or commercial laundry with the OSHA regulations. Read and heed this information.

Humans↗
PubMed2002

[Determination of moth-proof agent residues in textiles with headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry].

A procedure is described for the identification and determination of volatile moth-proof pesticide residues, dichlorobenzene and naphthalene, in textile products by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with GC/MS in selective ion monitoring mode (SIM). Several standard fabrics (ISO 105/F01-1982) are used as sample matrices to reduce the target compound-matrix interaction. Prior to SPME, 0.2 g textile sample is immersed in 3 mL boric acid-citric acid-sodium acid phosphate buffer (pH 2.2) solution with 300 g/L sodium chloride and 5% (volume fraction) methanol for supersonic treatment in water bath(50 +/- 1) degrees C. Then an SPME fiber holder is used manually by passing the needle through the septum of the sample vial, depressing the plunger and lowering a fused silica fiber coated with 100 microns polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) into the headspace right above the sample solution. Adsorption equilibrium is almost established within 5 minutes with magnetic stirring at (40 +/- 1) degrees C. After sample adsorption, draw SPME fiber into the needle, and withdraw the needle from the sample vial and immediately introduce it into the chromatograph injector, where the adsorbed analytes are thermally desorbed for 3 minutes at 230 degrees C and delivered to a capillary GC column for analysis by mass detector. The method provides data of very good linearity with low coefficients of variation for volatile target compounds like p-dichlorobenzene and naphthalene. For all the fabrics tested, typical limits of detection (LOD) were 1 microgram/kg and average recoveries from fortified sample fabrics were between 83.6%-115.2% and the relative standard deviations of the residues were 8.1%-9.8%.

English Abstract↗
PubMed2003

[Temporary tattooing with henna induces contact allergy to textile dyes].

A woman developed widespread contact dermatitis after temporary tattooing with henna, caused by paraphenylenediamine (PPD) which had been added to the henna as an enhancer. The patient recovered after treatment; a week later an acute generalized rebound occurred after she wore dark clothing (black chador). Patch tests revealed type-IV allergy to PPD, along with multiple sensitisations to other textile dyes (disperse orange 3, para-aminoazobenzole, Bismark brown R). Temporary henna tattoos are not always harmless holiday souvenirs. The addition of color enhancers such as PPD into henna may lead to multiple contact allergies to other textile dyes.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1984

Textile Teflon arterial prostheses: how successful are they?

Today the woven and knitted Teflon vascular prostheses developed over 25 years ago by Edwards are of only minor clinical interest. The literature contains a chronology of postoperative complications critical of textile Teflon as a prosthetic material, and this led to its discontinuance as a commercial product. Recent evidence from pathologic and material analyses of three grafts removed from patients after implantation for 11, 19 and 19 years, respectively, suggests that the previously reported complications were more likely to have been related to the use of silk sutures, the fraying and ravelling of the woven and weft-knitted constructions and local or systemic reactions than to degradation of the Teflon. Experimental studies of grafts implanted in the thoracic and abdominal aortas of dogs for periods of up to 6 months support these findings. Because of the apparent long-term stability of textile Teflon as an implantable material, the authors see merit in its reintroduction as a warp-knitted vascular prosthesis.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Textile dye decolorization using cyanobacteria.

Cyanobacterial cultures isolated from sites polluted by industrial textile effluents were screened for their ability to decolorize cyclic azo dyes. Gloeocapsa pleurocapsoides and Phormidium ceylanicum decolorized Acid Red 97 and FF Sky Blue dyes by more than 80% after 26 days. Chroococcus minutus was the only culture which decolorized Amido Black 10B (55%). Chlorophyll a synthesis in all cultures was strongly inhibited by the dyes. Visible spectroscopy and TLC confirmed that color removal was due to degradation of the dyes.

Amido Black↗
PubMed2006

Specific characteristics of family 45 endoglucanases from Mucorales in the use of textiles and laundry.

We examined the characteristics of family 45 endoglucanases (glycoside hydrolases family 45; GH45) from Mucorales belonging to Zygomycota in the use of textiles and laundry. The defibrillation activities on lyocell fabric of family 45 endoglucanases from Mucorales, such as RCE1 and RCE2 from Rhizopus oryzae, MCE1 and MCE2 from Mucor circinelloides, and PCE1 from Phycomyces nitens, were much higher than those of the other family 45 endoglucanases. By contrast, family 45 endoglucanases from Mucorales were less resistant to anionic surfactant and oxidizing agent, main components in detergents, than the other family 45 endoglucanases. RCE1 consists of two distinct modules, a catalytic module and a carbohydrate-binding module family 1 (CBM1), and these common specific characteristics were considered to due to the catalytic module, but not to the CBM1.

Cellulase↗
PubMed2004

Eliminating Dermatophagoides farinae spp. (Acari: Pyroglyphidae) and their allergens through high temperature treatment of textiles.

House dust mite allergens cause allergy and asthma in sensitized individuals. The allergens they produce are known to resist decay under natural household conditions and are thought to accumulate until removed. We sought to evaluate the effects of high temperature (96 degrees C) generated by a hard surface cleaner on live mite populations of American house dust mites, Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes and their allergens in carpet and mattresses. Statistically significant (P < 0.05) mite mortality (100%) was observed in response to treatment in both textile surfaces. Similar effects were observed on Der f1 fecal allergen. Allergen reductions in carpet with two or five pass treatment regimes were 61.4 and 100%, respectively. These results demonstrate the potential of employing a hard surface steam cleaner as a novel method to eliminate house dust mite populations and their allergens in a residential setting and appeal particularly promising as an environmental control strategy.

Allergens↗
PubMed1986

[Diagnostic study of 5 cases of allergic asthma due to sensitization to silk allergens in textile workers from the Prato area].

Five cases of allergic asthma due to sensitivity to silk allergens have been studied. All the patients worked in the Prato textile industry. The presence of specific antibodies against extracts of silk has been shown by the direct RAST and confirmed by the indirect RAST. The onset of the symptoms, with regard to the various stages in the processing of silk, leads one to assume that the allergen involved is sericin.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[The risk of oligomers in the textile industry].

An experimental research was carried out at the Institute of Occupational Health of Turin University on the risks following exposure to oligomers with particular reference to the textile industry. A group of 36 Sprague-Dawley rats were injected endotracheally with a suspension of dust collected from various sections of twisting and spinning departments while 6 rats used a referent groups, were treated with normal solution in the way. Five rats had pneumonia and 1 rat showed the presence of aspecific granuloma whereas the histological patterns for the other rats were found to be similar to those of the control group. In the Authors' opinion it is impossible at the moment, to give a definite conclusion as to the role of oligomers in lung damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Biomechanics of human common carotid artery and design of novel hybrid textile compliant vascular grafts.

The mechanical properties and structure of a human common carotid artery were studied in order to develop criteria for designing and manufacturing compliant textile vascular grafts. The arterial wall comprised a composite of elastin and collagen fibers with the collagen fibers crimped. This structure led to a unique pressure-circumferential stretch ratio curve, the slope of which increased with an increase in strain. The increase in slope was particularly rapid at a stretch ratio above 1.4 or pressure above 120 mmHg. Based on the knowledge gained, a criteria for the design of biomechanically compliant arterial grafts was developed. An elastomeric prestretched polyurethane monofilament yarn with a low modulus of elasticity and a bulked polyester multifilament yarn with a high modulus of elasticity were combined and used as threads in the manufacture of grafts. Tubular structures of diameters in the range 4-6 mm were made by weaving. Transverse compliance and morphological and permeability properties of these grafts were determined and compared with those of a currently available woven commercial grafts and human carotid arteries. Results indicated that the compliance values of the hybrid grafts were comparable with those of the human carotid artery. Preliminary in vivo studies in dogs showed promising results: a thin, stable neointima developed within 6 months of implantation on the flow surface.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Blood histamine levels in cotton-dust exposed workers in a textile mill of Ahmedabad.

Blood histamine levels were measured by the bioassay of histamine (on an isolated strip of guinea pig ileum) in workers exposed to cotton dust in a textile mill in Ahmedabad. Byssinotic subjects showed very high levels of blood histamine as compared to nonbyssinotic and control subjects. The blood histamine levels were not well correlated to the dust concentrations or duration of exposure but rather to the day of the week (ie, first, second, third, etc., after weekend break) on which the samples were collected. The blood histamine levels were high on the first day of the work week, when byssinotics complained most of their symptoms.

Byssinosis↗