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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Reactivity of the hemostatic system depending on the model of the behavior and personality characteristics of hypertensive patients under emotional stress].

The results of investigating the effect of emotional stress on the blood coagulation and anticoagulation systems are discussed. It was found that similar conditions of emotional stress cause three types of reactions in different people: functional hypercoagulation, functional hypocoagulation and the absence of any noticeable reaction according to the findings of thrombelastography. The degree of activation of the blood fibrinolytic system depends on the extent of involvement of the patients in interpersonality relationships. Patients with hypertensive disease are characterized by neuroticism, heightened level of anxiety and dependence, and increased emotional aggressiveness. Signs of introversion also prevailed in these patients, which was attributed to the forced formation of new behavior models due to the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coagulation changes during major surgery and relationship to post-operative deep vein thrombosis.

Nineteen patients undergoing aortic surgery during which 5,000 units of heparin were given intravenously were compared with 39 patients undergoing laparotomy or herniorrhaphy. There was an expected significant reduction in coagulability as measured by thrombelastography in those patients undergoing aortic surgery. Moreover, the early post-operative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) rate was significantly less. This implies that a reduction in coagulability by I.V. heparin during surgery is associated with a lower incidence of early post-operative deep vein thrombosis. Among the laparotomy and hernia group who developed a DVT, coagulability was significantly greater both before and during the operation and on the first post-operative day.

Aorta↗
PubMed1993

[Monitoring blood coagulation in larger liver operations].

Bleeding is causally related to about 50% of postoperative deaths following liver resection. Main factors contributing to increased perioperative bleeding in liver surgery include surgical trauma, reduced activity of clotting factors and inhibitors due to impaired hepatic synthesis, low platelet count and poor platelet function as well as impaired clearance of activated clotting factors by the reticuloendothelial system of the liver (Kupffer cells). Hemostasis may be further impaired by transfusion of blood components, since citrate added for conservation is not adequately metabolized by the failing liver. Surgical bleeding leads to a loss of pro- and anticoagulatory factors as well as to activation of coagulation. Finally, hyperfibrinolysis induced by release of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA, primary hyperfibrinolysis) and disseminated coagulation (secondary hyperfibrinolysis) contribute to increased bleeding. Therefore early diagnosis and treatment of coagulation disorders is of paramount importance during liver surgery. Screening parameters of hemostasis and fibrinolysis should be available on a 24-hour basis in centers performing liver surgery. Screening for disorders of secondary hemostasis includes evaluation of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen concentration and the activity of the most important inhibitor, antithrombin III (AT III). Thrombelastography is the leading method for diagnosis of hyperfibrinolysis, which can also be assessed by determination of D-dimer, fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products. Evaluation of primary hemostasis is frequently restricted to platelet count, which is only a rough parameter. In contrast, measurement of in vitro bleeding time and volume enables repeated quantification of platelet function in patients with impaired hemostasis.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1993

[Recent advances in diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation in obstetrics and gynecology].

Since obstetrical DIC is an acute serious situation, complicated time-consuming tests do not help to make a prompt diagnosis of DIC. Lowered ESR, prolonged bleeding time and defective patterns of thrombelastography are the suggestive findings of DIC, which are available at the bed-side. Obstetrics-specific DIC scoring system, in which high scores were given for clinical items, rather than laboratory tests, showed a good correlation with the regular DIC score in Japan. Since blood samples obtained from pregnant or parturient women showed different patterns of coagulation and fibrinolysis from the nonpregnant condition, attention should be paid to diagnose obstetrical DIC as accurately as possible.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1995

Short-time rabbit model of endotoxin-induced hypercoagulability.

We describe a short-time endotoxin-induced rabbit model of hypercoagulability for the study of the coagulation cascade and the therapeutic effects of coagulation inhibitors. Cardiorespiratory function was maintained in rabbits under general anesthesia and standardized mechanical ventilation (tidal volume, 6 ml/kg; 60 breaths/min) via tracheostomy and low-dose inotropic support. Coagulation parameters such as prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen concentration, platelet count, fibrin monomers, D-dimers, antithrombin III and factor XIII activities, thrombelastography, and platelet aggregometry were measured during a 4-h period after sequential double endotoxin administration (80 and 40 micrograms/kg of body weight, intravenously). Mean arterial pressure and arterial and central venous blood gas tensions were monitored. Global clotting, activation parameters of coagulation, and leukocyte count deteriorated significantly in the endotoxin-treated animals but was mainly unaltered in controls (P < 0.05). Tissue specimens of the lungs, liver, brain, and kidneys were examined. Endotoxin-induced, disseminated fibrin deposition was found in the lungs and liver (P < 0.01). We conclude that this short-time model of hypercoagulability in rabbits reliably induced disseminated intravascular coagulation. Tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation provided a reproducible model in which the differences between the controls and the endotoxin-treated animals were exclusively due to administration of endotoxin and not to unforeseen complications of the respiratory system. This model allows the study of therapeutic effects of coagulation inhibitors on endotoxin-induced changes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies of blood clotting system during dissociative anaesthesia with ketamine.

The effect of ketamine administered to 20 rabbits in a single dose and in fractionated doses on the blood clotting system was studied. The following blood clotting indices were determined: thrombelastography (TEG), plasma thrombin time, platelet count, euglobulin lysis time. No statistically significant differences were observed in the activity of clotting and fibrinolysis systems in the group of animals receiving a single dose of ketamine and in the group receiving fractionated doses. The obtained results suggest that ketamine as an agent used for dissociative anaesthesia can be administered safely in serious conditions associated with disturbances in the haemostasis system.

Anesthesia↗